Age-dependent differences of treadmill exercise on spatial learning ability between young- and adult-age rats

Jun-Jang Jin,Il-Gyu Ko,Sung-Eun Kim,Lakkyong Hwang,Man-Gyoon Lee,Dae-Young Kim,Sun-Young Jung 한국운동재활학회 2017 JER Vol.13 No.4

Trichophyton verrucosum infection in Korea: Analysis on 224 patients from 1976 to 2015

( Dong Hyuk Eun ),( Jun Hong Park ),( Sun Young Moon ),( Yong Hyun Jang ),( Seok-jong Lee ),( Do Won Kim ),( Yong Jun Bang ),( Jae Bok Jun ),( Weon Ju Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2016 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.68 No.2

Background: Trichophyton (T.) verrucosum is a dermatophyte causing ringworm in cattle, distributed worldwide. It can be responsible for various inflammatory lesions of skin and scalp. In Korea, kerion celsi caused by T. verrucosum was first reported at 1986 in the southeast province of Korea. Since then, many patients infected with T. verrucosum have been reported in Young-nam province. There are few long-term studies about epidemiological characteristics of T. verrucosum. Objectives: To investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of T. verrucosum infections in Korea. Methods: A total of 224 patients were diagnosed as T. verrucosum infection by fungal culture from 1976 to 2015. The data were based on a retrospective survey of medical records. Results: The annual incidence of patients with T. verrucosum infection had been increasing since the report in 1986. The number of patients showed a peak in 1988. After 2000, the number of patients had been decreasing. Female to male ratio showed a 1.2-fold predominance of female infection. And more than 15-year-old group was 59.4% of total patients. T. verrucosum infection was most commonly seen in spring and was found predominantly in patients living in rural areas. Face was most frequently involved, followed by arms. Conclusion: These findings provide useful information for understanding of T. verrucosum infection and future dermatophytosis prospects.

忠南 錦山郡 西臺山 一帶의 나비目 昆蟲相

남상호,조영호,장석원,박영준,이선영,나선희 대전대학교 기초과학연구소 2002 自然科學 Vol.13 No.2

충청남도 금산군 서대산 일대의 나비목 곤충상을 조사한 결과 22과 344종 1,936개체가 조사되었다. 이중 밤나방과가 102종 589개체, 자나방과가 67종 440개체로 이 2과가 전체의 50%이상을 차지하였다. 자나방과의 두줄가지나방은 1,936 개체중 85개체가 채집되어 4.4%의 가장 높은 우점도를 나타냈다. 월별 우점종은 4월 노랑무늬물결자나방, 5월 별박이세줄나비, 6월 목도리불나방, 7월 청백무늬밤나방, 8월 두줄가지나방, 9월은 털뿔가지나방이 조사되었다. 월별 종다양도는 4월 2.95, 5월 3.37, 6월 4.63, 7월 4.62, 8월 4.23, 9월은 2.97이었으며, 평균 종다양도는 3.80으로 서대산 일대의 나비목 곤충상은 비교적 양호한 편으로 조사되었다. This study was carried out to investigate Lepidopterous insect fauna from Mt. Seodae in Geumsan-gun, Chungnam. The samples were collected from April to September in 2001. Total 1,936 individuals belonging to 344 species, 22 families of Lepidoptera were collected. The sum of individuals belonging to Noctuidae and Geometridae exceed 50% of the collected samples in that Noctuidae was consisted of 102 species 589 individuals and Geometridae was 67 species 440 individuals. The dominant species in surveyed area was Rikiosatoa grisea of Geometridae, the dominant species by month were Idiotephria amelia in April, Neptis pryeri in May, Paraona staudinger in June, Ercheia niveostrigata in July, Rikiosatoa grisea in August and Alcis angulifera in September respectively. Species diversity indices by month were 2.93 in April, 3.37 in May, 4.63 in June, 4.62 in July, 4.23 in August and 2.97 in September respectively. Mean species diversity index was 3.80.

대동맥 협착증과 동반된 출혈성 위장관 동정맥 기형에서 Estrogen-Progesterone 치료 1예

김도연,김화정,김효정,남준식,박수영,박영미,신정은,주미순,황민규,정혜경,손혜영,이선영,이한주 大韓消化器內視鏡學會 1999 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.19 No.부록2

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Elderly: Clinical Characteristics, Outcomes and Treatment Efficacy, Safety in Older than 75 Years

( Ji Ho Seo ),( Sunmin Kim ),( Eunae Cho ),( Chung Hwan Jun ),( Sun Young Park ),( Sung Bum Cho ),( Chang Hwan Park ),( Hyun Soo Kim ),( Sung Kyu Choi ),( Jong Sun Rew ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: The number of elderly patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been increasing because the increase in the longevity of the general population. But there is no proper management based on age stratification in elderly patients. We compared clinical characteristics, outcomes and treatment efficacy, safety between oldest-old (aged more than 85 years), middle-old (aged between 80 and 85 years) and young-old (aged between 75 and 80 years) patients with HCC. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study, from January 2010 to December 2016, at Chonnam National University Hospital. A total of 550 elderly patients whose data included demographics, co-morbidity, etiology of liver disease, presence of cirrhosis, staging of HCC, treatment modality and treatment related adverse event were evaluated retrospectively. Also overall survival was assessed in enrolled patient. Results: Fifty one patients (oldest-old; median 87 years old), 153 patients (middle-old; median 82 years old) and 346 patients (young-old; median 77 years old) were diagnosed with HCC. Both oldest- and middle-old patients, compared to young-old patients had significantly lower rate of alcohol-related disease (13.7% vs 20.9% vs 34.1%, P = 0.001). There were no significant difference in underlying sex, body mass index, presence of co-morbidity, hepatitis C-related disease and stage of HCC. The Child-Pugh class (CPT class A 88.9% vs 84.1% vs 83.6%, CPT class B 11.1% vs 15.9% vs 15.0% and CPT class C 0.0% vs 0.0% vs 1.3%, respectively, P = 0.912) and Model for End Stage Liver Disease score (mean MELD score 7.22±3.34 vs 5.88±3.01 vs 5.77±3.14, P = 0.166) were no significant difference between the patients with active treatment. The modified UICC staging (stage I 5.6% vs 17.1% vs 18.6%, stage II 55.6% vs 46.3% vs 47.3%, Stage III 22.2% vs 24.4% vs 24.8%, Stage IV-A 11.1% vs 6.1% vs 4.9% and Stage IV-B 5.6% vs 6.1% vs 4.4%, respectively, P = 0.826) and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging (stage 0 5.6% vs 9.8% vs 9.3%, stage A 16.7% vs 17.1% vs 22.1%, stage B 27.8% vs 29.3% vs 24.8%, stage C 50.0% vs 43.9% vs 41.2% and stage D 0.0% vs 0.0% vs 2.7%, respectively, P = 0.878) were no significant difference between the patients with active treatment. Furthermore, there were no difference between the age groups in treatment modality (Surgical resection 0.0% vs 3.3% vs 5.2%, P = 0.166; Radiofrequency ablation 2.0% vs 8.5% vs 11.0%, P=0.113; Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization 21.6% vs 34.6% vs 41.6%, P=0.014; Best supportive care 62.7% vs 40.5% vs 29.2%, P < 0.001), adverse event related treatment (P = 0.731) and disease-free survival days (329 .3±309.1 days vs 271.7 ± 414.2 days vs 357.2 ± 511.6 days, P = 0.336). Multivariate analysis showed that age, performance status, CTP class, MELD score, modified UICC staging, presence of portal vein thrombosis and ruptured HCC are risk factors for mortality. Conclusions: Clinician should make an active treatment in elderly patients with HCC not a age but performance status, liver function and disease status of cancer.

자기조절 학습전략이 초등학생의 창의성 및 학업성취에 미치는 효과

전헌선,차영희 大邱大學校 師範大學 附設 敎育硏究所 2009 學校敎育硏究 Vol.5 No.1

본 연구는 자기조절 학습전략이 초등학생들의 창의성 및 학업성취에 미치는 효과를 알아보는데 목적이 있었다. 연구의 대상은 영천시에 소재한 Y초등학교 6학년 68명(실험집단 34명, 통제집단 34명)을 표집하였다. 연구의 결과와 논의를 토대로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 자기조절 학습전략을 적용한 학습활동은 초등학생들의 창의성을 향상시키는데 효과가 있다. 둘째, 자기조절 학습전략을 적용한 학습활동은 초등학생들의 학업성취를 향상시키는데 효과가 있다. 셋째, 자기조절 학습전략을 적용한 학습활동에 자기조절 학습기록장을 활용하는 것은 초등학생들의 창의성 및 학업성취 향상에 효과적이다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the self-regulated learning strategies on the elementary school students creativity and academic achievement. The subjects of this study is organized into the test and the control with 68 elementary school students of 6th-grade which were consist of 2 classes. We conducted self-regulated learning strategies to the test group on 4 times per week in a 40-minutes for 5 weeks. Self-regulated learning strategy used the experiment was based on Zimmerman & De Groot(1990) and Kim Young Soo(1998)'s study. In this research, the used instruments were self-regulated learning strategy program, academic achievement test in national language studies, the self-regulated learning ability test, the creativity test. In order to inspect the effects after the experiment was done, pre-test and post-test were practiced between the two groups. The collected data were analyzed by the t-test using SPSS win 14.0 program. The results of this study were as follows; First, the self-regulated learning strategies were effective on the Elementary school students's creativity. Second, the self-regulated learning strategies had effect on academic achievement. Finally, the self-regulated learning workbook would improve children's self-regulated learning ability and it had effect on the children's creativity and academic achievement.

의류제품 가격할인 광고시 할인유형의 어의적 단서가 소비자의 지각과 구매의도에 미치는 조절효과

전영미,정명선 한국의류학회 2002 한국의류학회지 Vol.26 No.9,10

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic information to be helpful in establishing more rational prices discount strategy in prices discount advertising. The experiment design for study was a 3× 2×3 between subject factorial design in which the factors were discount presentation types(discount price presentation/discount rate presentation/discount price and discount rate presentation), existence of normal price presentation(presentation/non-presentation) and semantic cues(regular sales/markdown on the previous season's product/storehouse opening sales). Thirty subjects were randomized in one of 18 experimental conditions. The subjects of this study were 540 female university students in Kwangju, Korea. The results were as follows; 1. Significant interaction effects between discount presentation types and the semantic cues were found in perceived transaction value(p<.01), perceived acquisition value(p<.05), and purchase intention(p<.05). It means that discount presentation types in prices discount advertising need to present differently according to price discount types. 2. Significant interaction effects between existence of normal price and the semantic cues were not found. It means that normal price need to present in prices discount advertising regardless of price discount types.

가시오갈피 열매 추출물의 항돌연변이원성 및 세포독성 효과

전윤영,최승필,이효진,문선영,이득식,함승시 한국식품저장유통학회 ( 구 한국농산물저장유통학회 ) 2003 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.10 No.3

가시오갈피(Eleutherococcus senticous Maxim) 열매의 에탄올 추출물 및 분획물의 항돌연변이성 및 항암활성을 규명하였다. 항돌연별이원성 실험결과에서는 직접변이원인 MNNG, 4NQO 그리고 간접변이원인 B(α)P, Trp=P-1에 대해서 농도의존적인 돌연변이 억제활성을 나타내었다. MNNG (0.4㎍/plate)의 경우 S. typhimurium TA100 균주에서는 시료농도 200㎍/plate에서 클로로포름 분획물을 제외한 모든 분획물들에서 90%이상의 높은 억제효과를 나타내었다. 4NQO(0.15㎍/plate)에 대한 S. typhimurium TA98 균주의 경우 물 분획물의 경우 88.3%, TA100 균주에서는 에틸 아세테이트 분획물이 84.4%의 억제효과를 보였다. 간접변이원의 경우 B(α)P(10㎍/plate)에선느 에탄올 추출물과 핵산 분획물은 시료농도 200㎍/plate에서 각각 96.1%와 97.5%로 가장 높은 억제효과를 나타내었다. 그리고 Trp-P-1(0.15㎍/plate)에서는 TA100 균주의 경우 200㎍/plate 농도에서 에탄올 추출물과 물 분획물이 각각 95.5%와 90%로 높은 억제율을 보여주었고, TA98 균주에 대해서는 에틸아세티에트 분획물이 88.3%로 비교적 높은 억제효과를 나타내었다. 인간의 암세포인 폐암세포(A549), 위암세포(AGS), 간암세포(Hep3B), 유방암세포(MCF-7)에 대한 세포독성 억제 효과를 검토한 결과 모든 암세포에서 각분획물들은 1㎎/mL 농도에서 60% 이상의 비교적 높은 암세포 성장 효과를 나타내었다. 특히 MCF-7에서 높은 암세포 성장억제 효과를 나타내었는데 핵산 분획물(1㎎/mL)에서 92.7%의 높은 암세포 성장 억제 효과를 나타내었고 Hep3B에서는 부탄을 분획물(1㎎/mL)에서 82%의 비교적 높은 성장 억제효과를 나타내었다. This study was carried out to investigate the antimutagenic and cytotoxic effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim fruits ethanol extract on Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA 100 and cancer cell lines using Ames test and SRB assay, respectively. They were extracted with ethanol and then fractionated with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water to get active fractions. In the Ames test, most of the extract had strong antimutagenic effects against the mutagenesis induced by MNNG, 4NQO, B(α)P Trp-P-1. The ethanol extract (200 ㎍/plate) of Eleutherococcus senticosus fruits showed 87.2% inhibitory effect on the mutagenesis induced by MNNG against TA100. And also, The suppression ratio against B(α)P and AGS, MCF-7, Hep3B), the value value of inhibition were mostly above 60% for each fraction (1 ㎎/mL). Hexane fraction (1 ㎎/mL) against showed the strongest cytotoxic effects of 92.7% compared to those of other fraction and butano fraetion against Hep3B was relatively high growth inhibitory effect of 82%.

양방향 연상기억장치를 이용한 지능적 패턴 인식

전선배,임영도 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1990 硏究報告 Vol.14 No.2

Enhancements of encoding and decoding strategy of a discrete bidirectional associative memory (BAM) proposed B. Kosko are presented. This paper describes multiple training, which allow to achieve recall of single trained pair under suitable initial conditions of data (We fixed Hamming distance). Computer simulations are shown to lead to an improvement in some instances over the original Kosko strategy for recall of multiple pairs.