Comparison of Scapular Kinematics During Active Shoulder Horizontal Adduction Between Subjects With and Without Limited Range of Motion of Shoulder Horizontal Adduction

( Ha Na Joung ),( Moon Hwan Kim ),( In Cheol Jeon ),( Pt Ui Jae Hwang ),( Oh Yun Kwon ) 한국전문물리치료학회 2016 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Background: Shoulder horizontal adduction (HA) is performed in many activities of daily living. The limited range of motion (LROM) of HA is affected by the tightness of the posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres major, and posterior capsule of glenohumeral joint. The LROM of shoulder HA contributes to excessive scapular abduction. Objects: The aim of this study is to compare the scapular abduction distance and three dimensional displacement of the scapula during shoulder horizontal adduction between subjects with and without the LROM of shoulder HA. Methods: 24 subjects (12 people in LROM group and 12 people in normal ROM group) participated. Subjects with less than 115° of HA ROM were included in LROM group. Shoulder HA was performed 3 times for measuring scapular abduction distance and three-dimensional displacement of the scapula. Tape measure was used for measuring scapular abduction distance. Scapular abduction distance was normalized by dividing the scapular size. Polhemus Liberty was used for measuring the three dimensional displacement of the scapula. Results: Normalized scapular abduction distance was significantly greater in LROM group than normal ROM group (p<.001). Three-dimensional displacement of the scapula during shoulder HA was greater in LROM group than normal ROM group (p<.05). Conclusion: LROM group had a greater scapular abduction and three-dimensional displacement of the scapula during shoulder HA compared to normal ROM group.

산업재해 환자의 삶의 질, 자살사고 및 우울증상

김수인,연규월,하은희,우행원,김영철 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.3

연구목적 : 최근 산업재해(이하 산재) 및 교통사고 발생이 증가하면서 사고 후유증으로 치료받는 환자들이 늘어나고 있다. 산재를 포함한 각종 사고들은 환자의 신체적 상태를 변화시킬 뿐 아니라 이로 인한 사회적, 직업적, 경제적 문제들을 초래하게 되고 환자의 삶 전체를 변화시킬수 있다. 본 연구에서는 산재가 환자들에게 미치는 정신적 영향을 알아보기 위해 산재 환자들과 대조군에서 삶의 질, 자살사고 및 우울증상을 비교하였다. 방 법 : 연구대상은 1999년 12월 21일부터 12월 30일 사이에 경상남도 울산 마산·창원지역의 입원한 산재환자 169명이었고 정상 대조군은 울산의 공업단지 내 일반근로자 166명이었다. 평가군과 대조군 모두 남성이었고, 19세에서 60세였다. 모든 대상에서 일반 인구학적 특성, 삶의 질, 자살사고, 우울 증상을 평가하였고, 산재 환자군의 경우 사고일시, 사고원인, 치료기간, 손상부위를 추가로 조사하였다. 주관적 삶의 질은 한국판 스미스클라인 비챰 삶의 질척도로 평가하였고, 자살사고는 Beck의 자살사고(思考)척도로 평가하였으며, 우울증상은 PRIME-MD를 개선한 Patient Problem Questionaire의 우울증 척도로 평가하였다. 결 과 : 산재환자군과 대조군간 일반 인구학적 요인에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이 없었다. 산재환자군이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮은 삶의 질 척도 점수를 나타냈고, 유의하게 높은 자살사고와 우울증상을 나타냈다(p<.05). 산재환자군에서 연령, 결혼상태, 치료기간과 삶의 질 점수는 관련이 있었다. 30대 이상의 연령에서 유의하게 낮았고 10∼20대 연령에서 유의하게 높았으며, 미혼이거나 이혼, 별거중인 경우 유의하게 삶의 질 점수가 낮았고, 치료기간이 길수록 낮았다. 치료기간과 자살사고가 관련있었으며, 치료기간이 길수록 자살사고가 많았다. 산재환자군에서 손상부위에 따라 삶의 질 점수, 자살사고 점수와 우울증상이 유의한 관련이 있었다. 삶의 질 점수는 요추부 손상군에서 높았고, 경추부 손상군과 다발성 좌상환자군에서 낮았다(p<0.01). 자살사고 점수는 경추부손상군과 다발성 좌상 환자군에서 높았고, 요추부 손상군에서 낮았다(p<0.01). 연구 대상군에서 삶의 질 점수, 자살사고 점수, 우울증상간 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 결 론 : 본 연구 결과 산재환자들은 일반 근로자들과 비교하였을 때 삶의 질이 낮다고 느끼고 있었으며, 주관적으로 우울감과 자살사고를 많이 나타냈다. 따라서 산재로 인한 우울 및 자살등의 증상을 예방하기 위해서는 조기 정신과적 치료 중재가 반드시 필요하다고 생각된다. Objective : As the occupational and traffic accidents are increased, patients who are treated for complications of accidents have been increased in recent years. Accidents including industrial injury affect the physical state of the patients and make social, vocational, and economic problems, so that they can affect the whole life of the patients. We performed this study to compare subjective evaluation of quality of life, depressive symptoms, and suicide ideation in both industrial injury patients and control subjects in order to know how industrial injury affect patients in psychiatric aspect. Method : The subjects were 169 inpatients who met the inclusion criteria of industrial injury patients and 166 healthy control subjects. All subjects were male and their age is from 19 to 60 years old. Demographic variables, quality of life, depressive symptom, suicide ideation were assessed in subjects. The types of injury and duration of treatment were assessed in patients. The quality of life was measured using the Korean version of SmithKline Beecham 'Quality of Life' Scale(KvSBQOL), and the suicide ideation was measured using the Scale for Suicide Ideation(SSI), and the depressive symptom was measured using the Dpression scale of Patient Problem Questionaire(PPQ) which were devised from Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorder(PRIME-MD). Results : 1) There were no significant differences in the general demographic variables between industrial injury patients and control subjects. 2)Scores of KvSBQOL were significantly lower, and SSI and Depression scale of PPQ were significantly higher in the industrial injury patients than control subjects(p<0.05). 3) In industrial injury patients, there was a correlation between the age and the scores of KvSBQOL(p<0.01). The scores of KvSQOL were lowest in older than 30's, highest in 10's-20's. No significant correlation was recognized between the age and the suicide ideation, the depressive symptoms. Threre was a correlation between the marital status and the scores of KvSBQOL(p<0.01). In unmarried, divorced or separated state, the scores of KvSBQOL were significantly lower than married state. There was a correlation between the the duration of treatment and the scores of KvSBQOL, the suicide ideation. As the duration of treatment was longer, the scores of KvSBQOL were significantly lower(p<0.01), and the scores of SSI were significantly higher(p<0.01). 4) In industrial injury patients, there was a significant correlation between the type of injury nd the scores of KvSBQOL, the suicide ideation, and the depressive symptoms. The scores of KvSBQOL were highest in the L-spine injury patients, lowest in the C-spine injury and multiple contusion patients(p<0.01). The scores of SSI were higher in the C-spine injury and multiple contusion patients, lowest in the L-spine injury patients(p<0.01). 5) In subjects, there was significant correlation between the scores of KvSBQOL, the scores of SSI, and the Depression scale of PPQ. Conclusion : Industrial injury patients feel bad about the quality of life and have more depression and suicide ideation. As a results, psychiatric intervention is needed for prevention of depression and suicide due to industrial injury.

地下層 規模 設定에 관한 硏究 : 서울특별시 강남구 사례를 중심으로 Focus on the Case of KangNamGu

정윤용,어인준,김영하 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.11

The purpose is to identify how big the area is and which regulations should be preceded. if the part of Basement floors is to be calculated as the size of a building, according to characteristic of basement floor. The details of examination and analysis focused on such purpose of this research are summarized as follows: In view of all these, the size of buildings cannot be precisely estimated by the current floor area ratio computation method. To accurately calculate the size of buildings for urban growth management system: the inclusion in the calculation of floor area ratio in the case where basement floors are built for individual needs and benefits, rather than built as auxiliary use of a building such as basement or store room, is worth considering.

레진시멘트의 색안정성에 대한 가속시험

송하정,박수정,황윤찬,오원만,황인남 大韓齒科保存學會 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.4

본 연구는 레진 시멘트의 색 안정성을 평가하여, 레진 시멘트의 변색에 의한 심미 수복물의 실패의 가능성을 평가하고자 시행하였다. 4종의 이원중합형 레진 시멘트인 Panavia-F (PA; KURARAY), Duolink (DL; BISCO), Variolink II (VL; Ivoclar Vivadent),및 RelyX Unicem (UC; 3M ESPE)과 1종의 자가중합형 레진 시멘트인 Resiment Ready-Mix (with fluoride) CE (RM: j.l.Blosser)를 사용하였으며 , 대조군으로 복합레진 Gradia Direct (GD; GC)과 복합 레진 인레이용 Tecera Dentin A3 (TE; Bisco)를 사용했다. 각 재료 당 직경 6.5 ㎜, 두께 4.5 ㎜의 디스크형 시편 10개를 제작하였다. 중합 후 시편은 분광색채계측기인 Spectrolino (GretagMacbeth)를 이용해 CIE L^(*)a^(*)b^(*)값을 측정하고 가속시험을 위해 빛이 차단된 refrigerated bath circulator에서 60 ℃ 증류수에 30일간 보관 후에 색 측정을 시행하고, 시험 전 후의 색차를 계산하였다. 가속 시험 후 L^(*) 값은 감소하는 앙상을 보였고, a^(*) 값은 증가하는 양상을 보였지만 유의한 차이는 없었다. 반면 b^(*) 값은 유의하게 증가하였다 (p<0.05). TE가 15일과 30일 모두에서 가장 적은 색변화 (p < 0.05)를 보인 반면 GD는 15일 가속 실험 후 큰 색변화를 보였다. 30일 가속 실험 후 PA, VL, RM, DL 그리고 UC 순으로 ΔE^(*)값이 커졌으며 (p < 0.05), 30일 후 모든 레진시멘트들은 육안으로 변색을 인지할 수 있는 3 이상의 ΔE^(*) 값을 보였다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the color stability of resin cements with accelerated test. Four dual curing resin cements: Panavia-F (KURARAY), Duolink (BISCO), Variolink-II (Ivoclar Vivadent), and RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE) and 1 self curing resin cement: Resiment CE (j. 1. Blosser) were used in this study. In control group, Gradia Anterior (GC) composite resin and Tescera Dentin (Bisco) indirect composite were used. Ten disk shape specimens were made from each resin cement. The specimens were subjected to an accelerated aging process in a refrigerated bath circulator at 60 ℃ for 15 and 30 days. Spectrophotometric analyses were made before and after 15 days and 30 days of accelerated aging time. The color characteristics (L^(*), a^(*), b^(*)) and the color difference (ΔE^(*)) of the specimens before and after immersion were measured and computed. Regardless of type of the resin cements, L^(*) value was decreased and a^(*) value was increased, but there were no significant difference. But b^(*) value was increased significantly (p < 0.05). Tescera inlay showed least color change (p < 0.05), but Gradia showed notable color change after 15 days. After 30 days on accelerated aging, ΔE^(*) value was increased (Panavia-F < Variolink-II < Resiment CE < Duolink < Unicem) (p < 0.05), but there were no significant difference among Panavia-F, Variolink-II, and Resiment CE groups. After 30 days of accelerated aging, ΔE^(*) value of all resin cements were greater than 3.0 and could be perceived by the human eye.

전류 비유 모델에 의한 초등학생의 전류 개념 변화 분석

유병길,강인석,김병철,남만희,박선희,소하연,윤희정,이영아,이하룡,전병문,정승호 부산교육대학교 과학교육연구소 2000 科學敎育硏究 Vol.25 No.-

There exists a major impediment to learning electricity which may illuminate why direct presentation of scientists' ideas is too aggressive a strategy. This impediment lies in thinking that electricity is used up and in envisaging the light bulb as a consumer. This view is based on a powerful idea which summarises much of our experience; it declares that 'things get used up', 'you cannot get something for nothing', and 'intuitive thinking'. To replace this view with scientific view, we made the analogy model. It is suggested that the analogy model is more effective in teaching electricity circuits than conventional teaching method.

독거노인 지원 개선을 위한 서비스 디자인 제안

유다미 ( Yu Da-mi ),김혜인 ( Kim Hye-in ),박진원 ( Park Jin-won ),이사랑 ( Lee Sa-rang ),하효정 ( Ha Hyo-jung ),윤재영 ( Yun Ray Jae-young ) 커뮤니케이션디자인학회 2016 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.57 No.-

우리나라는 이미 2000년에 고령화사회에 접어 들었고 2026년에는 초고령사회로 접어들 것으로 예상된다. 늘어나는 노인의 수 만큼이나 독거노인과 그 문제가 심각해지고 있지만 그에 대한 지원 및 관리는 매우 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제를 해소하기 위해 독거노인의 증가에 따라 발생되는 문제를 알아보고 그 해결방안으로 봉사와 기부에 상대적으로 호의적인 청년(학생)층을 유입할 수 있는 서비스 디자인을 제안한다. 연구방법으로는 관찰조사를 통하여 독거노인, 청년(학생), 어르신 돌봄 센터와 같은 이해관계자를 도출하고, 설문조사 및 심층 인터뷰 통하여 각 이해 관계자 간에 발생하는 문제점을 발견하였다. 문제점을 해소하기 위해 크게 `봉사하기`, `기부하기` 기능으로 나누어 신청단계를 간소화하였다. 또한 시간기부인 봉사를 통해 획득한 `베리` 포인트는 물질적으로 지정기부를 할 수 있도록 기획하였다. 이와 같은 기능들을 모바일앱 프로토타입으로 제작 하였고 1차, 2차에 걸친 사용성 테스트를 진행했다. 결과적으로 본 연구가 독거노인 문제 해소와 청년들을 대상으로 한 새로운 기부문화 창출에 기여할 것으로 기대한다. Korea already became a fast aging society in 2000 and there is a forecast of becoming a super-aged society by 2026. As the number of the aged increases, the issue related with the increasing number of elderly people living alone and aging society is becoming more serious but there is an insufficiency in supporting senior citizens and managing the situation. The purpose of this study is to identify problems occurred by the increasing number of elderly people living alone to obtain a solution for the problems and suggest a service design to attract young people in their 20s, who is more likely to favor voluntary service and donation for solution. For a study method, an observational study was conducted with selecting people who are engaged in senior care center, students in their 20s, and elderly people living alone and conducting questionnaire and in-depth interview with them and the problems occurred among those interested parties. The application steps were being simplified by dividing them into major categories, `performing voluntary service` and `donating`, to solve the problems. Also, `berry` points obtained by a voluntary service, which is an essentially time-donating, is available for designated financial donation. Those functions were manufactured as a mobile application prototype and first and second usability tests were conducted. As a result, it is expected that this study will contribute to creation of new donation culture with students in their 20s and solution for elderly people living alone.

고착협 내탈립 기계수확 적응 장류⋅두부용 콩 품종 ‘새금’

김현태(Hyun Tae Kim),한원영(Won Young Han),이병원(Byung Won Lee),고종민(Jong Min Ko),이영훈(Yeong Hoon Lee),백인열(In Youl Baek),윤홍태(Hong Tai Yun),하태정(Tae Joung Ha),최만수(Man Soo Choi),강범규(Beom Kyu Kang),김현영(Hyun Yeong K 한국육종학회 2019 한국육종학회지 Vol.51 No.4

The soybean cultivar, ‘Saegeum’, has been developed for preparing soy-paste and tofu. The soybean cultivars ‘Daepung’ and ‘SS98207-3SSD-168’ were crossed in 2003 to obtain ‘Saegeum’. Single seed descent method was used to advance the generation from F3 to F5, and the plant lines with promising traits were selected from F6 to F7 by pedigree method. The preliminary yield (PYT) and advanced yield trials (AYT) were conducted from 2009 to 2010, and the regional yield trial (RYT) was conducted in 12 regions between 2011 and 2013. The morphological characteristics of ‘Saegeum’ were as follows: determinate plant type, white flower, tawny pubescence color, and brown pod color. Flowering and maturity dates were August 2, XXXX and October 17, XXXX, respectively. Plant height, first pod height, number of nodes, number of branches, and number of pods were 79 cm, 18 cm, 16, 2.3, and 44, respectively. The seed characteristics of ‘Saegeum’ were as follows: yellow spherical shape, yellow hilum, and the 100-seed weight was 25.4 g. ‘Saegeum’ was resistant to bacterial pustule and SMV in the field test, and its lodging resistance was mildly strong, whereas its shattering resistance was excellent. The ability of this cultivar to be processed into tofu, soybean malt, and other fermented products was comparable with that of ‘Daewonkong’. The yield of ‘Saegeum’ in the adaptable regions was 3.02 ton ha-1. Thus, ‘Saegeum’ is adaptable to mechanized harvesting because of its high first pod height, as well as lodging and shattering resistance. (Registration number: 5929)

Thioamide와 Benzothiazole 유도체의 합성

정대일,신규하,김인식,김윤영,정두희,이용균 東亞大學校 1998 東亞論叢 Vol.35 No.-

The thioamides; {N-(6-methyl-2-pyridinecarbothionyl)-3-methoxyaminobenzene (27), N-(6-methyl-2-pyridinecarbothionyl)-4-methoxyaminobenzene (29), N-(6-methyl-2-pyridine-carbothionyl)-3-ethoxyaminobenzene (31), N-(6-methyl-2-pyridinecarbothionyl)-4-ethoxyamion-benzene (33), N-(6-methyl-2-pyridinecarbothionyl)-3-bromoaminobenzene (35), N-(6-methyl-2-pyridinecarbothionyl)4-bromoaminobenzene (37), N-(6-methyl-2-pyridinecarbothionyl)-3-chloroaminobenzene (39), N-(6-methyl-2-pyridinecarbothionyl)-4-chloroaminobenzene (41)} were synthesized by the treatment of 2,6-lutidine(22) with sulfur in aniline derivatives (23). The benzothiazole derivatives; {5-methoxy-2-(6-methylpyridy)benzothiazole (46) and 6-ethoxy-2-(6-methylpyridyl)benzothiazole (47)} were respecively synthesized by the treatment of synthesized thioamides; N-(6-methyl-2-pyridinecarbothionyl)-3-methoxy-aminobenzene (27) and N-(6-methyl-2-pyridinecarbothionyl)-4-ethoxyaminobenzene (33) with zirconium (Ⅳ) oxide catalyst in sodium carbonate solution.

잣나무 (Pinus koraiensis) 목부의 추출성분

이학주,최윤정,최돈하,홍인표 한국목재공학회 2003 목재공학 Vol.31 No.5

잣나무 목부 에탄올 조추출물로부터 7종의 화합물을 단리하였으며, 기기분석 결과 flavonoids인 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone을 비롯하여 chrysin, pinocembrin, pinobanksin, galangin 그리고 stilbenoids 화합물인 3-hydroxy-5-rnothoxystilbene과 pinosylvin으로 각각 동정되었다. Two stilbenoids and five flavonoids were isolated from wood of Pinus Roraiensis(Pinaceae). The chemical structures of isolated compounds were determined as : 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone, chrysin, galangin, pinocembrin, pinobanksin, 3-hydroxy-5-methoxystilbene and pinosylvin on the basis of Mass and NMR spectroscopic data.

日本의 不法行爲法의 개혁방향에 관한 小考

韓雄吉,余仁鎬,河潤秀 동아대학교 법학연구소 1990 東亞法學 Vol.- No.11