후방순환계 뇌동맥류의 임상분석

임동준,이훈갑,정흥섭,김봉룡,권택현,이기찬,서중근 대한신경외과학회 1998 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.27 No.11

QoS를 보장하기 위한 DiffServ-MPLS 연동 기법

정경택,한철민,김남희,정동수 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2004 공업기술연구 Vol.4 No.-

In an IP network, various types of traffics are statistically multiplexed to utilize efficiently the network resources.The DiffServ-MPLS supports a wide variety of communication services with different QoS requirements. The DiffServ-MPLS based on QoS architecture had become one of the most promising ways to guarantee QoS Multi-service IP network. But how to manage IP network with QoS guarantee is still an open issue. In this paper, we propose DiffServ-MPLS buffer management technique using the specified policing, queuing, and scheduling.

都市地域住民의 生活體育 意識構造

鄭相澤,吳東燮,安禹洪,金正子,林銖遠 慶北大學校 體育科學硏究所 1991 체육과학연구지 Vol.7 No.-

This study was aimed to elucidata Taegu citizens' consciousness about Sport for All. 950 subjects responded to the researcher's questionnaires. The results are as follows; 1) 88.8% of whole subjects felt necessity of physical activity in every day life. In view of sex, 91.0% of male and 86.5% of female felt the necessity. 2) 73.4% of the subjects put weight in health improvement and 19.1% of the subjects put weight in strong mental power in relation to the value of physical activity. 3) About the local facilities of physical activity, only 8.3% of the subjects satisfied. A largy majority(65.7%) of the subjects reveated dissatisfaction. 4) Preference orders in relation to the expansion of facilities appeared as follows; tennis court(24.5%), swimming pool(14.4%), badminton court(12.5%), gymnasium(11.4%) and football field(7.0%). 5) 76.1% of the sujbjects thought that physical activity contribute to reduce demoralized life style, but 3.2% of the subjects not thought so. 6) About present participation in physical activity, 31.8% of the subjects answered being participated, but the large majority(68.2%) of the subjects answered not being participated. 7) Subjects' favorite physical activitier are tennis(18.6%), mounteering (12.9%), football(8.9%), golf(8.6%), badminton(8.3%), jogging(8.3%), gymnasics(7.3%) and swimming(7.0%) 8) The places of physical activities are private facilities(33.4%), work place(13.6%), private house(12.6%), school(10.9%) and physical education park(9.3%). 9) 73.9% of the subjects answered that they were participating in physical activity for health improvement. 10) 70.6% of the subjects felt the necessity of coach of Sport for All. 11) In case of not attendance to the physical activity, 70.6% of them answered that the main reason of not attendance was lack of leisure. 12) In case of not attendance, 33.7% of them spared time to TV watching, 28.8% of them to housework and 18.0% of them to sleeping. 13) 13.5% of subjects wanted to participate in swimming, 12.9% to tennis, 11.7% to table tennis, 10.8% to mountaineering, and 10.3% to badminton if circumstances permit.

적응관측기를 이용한 SPMSM의 속도 및 위치 센서리스 제어

정택기,이정철,이홍균,정동화 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2003 공업기술연구 Vol.3 No.-

This paper is proposed to position and speed control of a surface permanent magnet synchronous motor(SPMSM) drive without mechanical sensor. An adaptive state observer is used for the mechanical state estimation of the motor. The observer is developed based on a nonlinear model of the SPMSM, that employs a d-q rotating reference frame attached to the rotor. A adaptive observer is implemented to compute the speed and position feedback signal. The validity of the proposed sensorless scheme is confirmed by various response characteristics.

이전수행과 스포츠자신감이 골프경기 수행에 미치는 효과

신정택,육동원,정재은 한국스포츠심리학회 2003 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.14 No.3

본 연구는 골프경기 상황에서 대학골프 선수를 대상으로 하여 이전수행, 스포츠자신감이 골프 경기력과 어떠한 관계가 있는지를 규명함으로써, 골프 경기력 향상과 그것에 필요한 효율적인 코칭 자료를 제공하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 일정수준 이상의 기술수준을 가진 대학생 골프선수로서, 제 3회 회장배 대학골프대회에 참가한 남?여 선수 131명이다. 본 연구에서는 실제 시합상황에서 골프선수들이 느끼는 스포츠자신감을 검사지로 측정하였다. 스포츠자신감은 특성스포츠자신감과 상태스포츠자신감으로 나누어 측정되었으며, Vealey(1986)가 제작한 검사지를 신뢰도 검증과 타당도 검증 작업을 거쳐 수정, 보완하여 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 윈도우용 SPSS Ver. 10. 0의 하위 프로그램 Descriptives, GLM, Regression을 이용하여 연구가설에 따라 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같이 요약될 수 있다. 첫째, 연구변인(성별, 이전 평균성적, 경력)에 따른 스포츠자신감을 분석한 결과, 이전평균성적에 따라서는 특성스포츠자신감과 상태스포츠자신감 모두에서 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 또한 경력에 따른 스포츠자신감 분석 결과 특성스포츠자신감과 상태스포츠자신감 모두에서 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만, 성별에 따라 특성스포츠자신감과 상태스포츠자신감에 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 성별, 이전평균성적, 경력에 따른 골프경기력에 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 셋째, 연구변인(이전평균성적, 경력, 특성스포츠자신감, 상태스포츠자신감)이 골프경기력에 미치는 영향을 다중 회귀 분석한 결과 이전평균성적과 특성스포츠자신감이 골프경기력에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to provide the efficient coaching data to improve the performance level identifying the relationship among the factors in the athletic performance in the game of golf and past achievement and sport-confidence with college golfers. A total number of subject were 150 amateur golfers, who participated in the third collegiate golf tournament (2002. 3. 25-28). The 131 subjects out of 150 were used due to the availability of data excluding 19 subjects. The sport confidence was used as an inventory and it was measured as trait sport-confidence and state-sport-confidence. The inventories of trait sport-confidence and state-sport confidence were translated to Korean language and each inventory consist of 13 questions based on a 9-point Likert scale. The reliabilities were as high as .92 in both surveys. The 19 subjects were excluded due to the availability of data and the collected data were computerized into such sub-programs of SPSS 10.0 as Descriptives, GLM, and Regression for the purpose of analyzing data. M & SD, independent t test, and one way ANOVA were used with p<.05. The result con be summarized as follows : Firstly, according to the sport-confident level on the basis of the previous scores, it was significant difference in trait-sport-confidence and state-sport-confidence. In other words, the previous scores was a predicting factor of the performance level of the next game of golf. Secondly, according to the sport-confident level on the basis of career, it was significant difference in trait-sport-confidence and state-sport-confidence. There was no significant effect of career on the performance of golf. In other words, career was not a predicting factor of golf performance. Lastly, trait-sport-confidence and the previous average scores proved to be significant factors to have an influence on the performance in the game of golf with analysis of multiple linear regression having golf performance as a dependent variable and he previous average scores, experience, trait-sport-confidence, and state-sport-confidence as independent variables.

어린 가토에서 자가 연골 이식후 연골성장에 관한 실험적 연구

권택근,김태연,정전은,이동진 대한성형외과학회 1992 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.19 No.3

Does free transplanted autologous cartilage grow? Until now many autors have published different results about the growth potential of cartilage. Some authors have produced in their study that transplanted cartilages were able to grow, but others showed contradicting results. In this study, authors obtained cartilages from young rabbits'ear, 10 by 10mm in size and divided them into two groups ; the first group was cartilages with perichondrium and the second group was cartilages stripped perichondrium. We transplanted both groups of cartilages in the posterior nuchal area of rabbits. Then numbers of specimens of each group were evaluated and compared for assessment of cartilage growth. After observaton for six months, we took the cartilages from the posterior nuchal area and examined the surface area, the thickness, and the weight and finally confirmed the growth potential of the cartilage by histologic study. The results are as follows : 1, The surface area, the thickness, and the width of the transplanted cartilages were increased significantly in gross specimens and their measured values were statistically significant and cartilages with perichondrium showed more growth than cartilages stripped perichondrium 2. In histologic studies, we observed increased surface activities with numerous proliferatng cells and found no abnormal features compared with normal cartilages. Cartilages with pericondrium were thicker than cartilages with stripped perichondrium

유방암 환자에서 bcl-2 단백 발현의 예후 인자로서의 의의

류진우,박종권,정민,박동국,김정택,이두선,이찬영,전호진 단국대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.32 No.-

Breast cancer in women pose a problem, and it can be difficult at times to evaluate the possibility of the cancer recurrence in node negative early cancer. The reliable prognostic markers are needed in breast cancer management to help clinicians identify the patient with the high risk of recurrence and arrive at more rational decisions for proper treatment. In order to investigate the prognostic significance of bcl-2, an immunohis-tochemical staining was performed in 35 tissue sections from paraffin blocks of primary breast cancer. Bcl-2 positivity was 43%. No relation could be observed between bcl-2 expression and known prognostic factors(tumor size, lymph node metastasis state, histologic grade, and nuclear grade), There was strong relation between bcl-2 expression and estrogen receptor positivity (ER) (P〈0.05). No relation is found between bcl-2 expression and c - erbB - 2 expression. These results suggest that bcl-2 expression is associated with a favorable prognostic factor(ER) but it is of no value as independent prognostic factor to the clinician in identifying the patients with high risk of recurrence.

Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr 합금의 집합조직 발달과 기계적 특성에 미치는 Sc 첨가의 영향

제창웅,진승준,정동석,임성택,이용연,박노진 대한금속재료학회 2004 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.42 No.10

The texture and mechanical properties during fabrication processes - extrusion, cold rolling and aging treatment - of plate in the 7050 Al alloys without/with 0.1%Sc were investigated. In both the cross section(CS) and longitudinal section(LS) of the specimen without Sc, after cold rolling, texture of R-fiber was predominant. In the Sc added alloy after cold rolling, {112}<111>(Cu)+weak (123)<634>(S) texture components developed in the CS of the specimen while strong (3-fiber+(110)<001>(Goss) components developed in the LS of the specimen. After solution treatment and aging treatment, the alloy (CS and LS) without Sc had random texture, but by the alloys with the 0.1%Sc, the components of the rolling texture are not changed. After the aging treatment, hardness and tensile strength of the alloy with 0.1%Sc increased about 15% and 17%, respectively, than those without Sc. Tensile strength of the Sc added specimen was the highest along the rolling direction where the <111> texture was strongly developed. On the other hand, in the specimen without Sc, the mechanical properties were not dependent on the direction of the sample. (Received May 3, 2004)

KISE-적응행동검사 개발 연구

정인숙,강영택,김계옥,박경숙,정동영 국립특수교육원 2003 연구보고서 Vol.- No.13

본 연구는 우리의 사회ㆍ문화적 맥락과 생활양식에 적합한 적응행동검사인 KISE-적응행동검사를 개발하여 정신지체학생과 같은 장애학생을 판별하는데 기본적이고 필수적인 도구로 활용하기 위해 수행하였다. 본 연구는 KISE-적응행동검사를 개발하기 위해 먼저 국내 외에서 많이 사용하고 있는 적응행동검사를 분석하여 적응행동검사의 구성요인, 평가방법 및 해석방법을 분석하여 KISE-적응행동검사의 모형을 개발한 다음, 일상생활에서 자주 접하는 장면을 중심으로 939개 문항을 개발하고 실험적용을 통해 문항을 선정하였다. 그리고 선정한 문항의 양호도를 분석하기 위해 유치원 및 초ㆍ중ㆍ고등학교에 재학중인 2~17세의 학생 가운데서 559명을 표집하여 예비검사를 실시하였다. 문항의 양호도 분석 결과에 의해 문항을 검토한 후 변별력이 낮은 문항을 삭제하고 242개 문항을 최종 검사문항으로 선정한 후 하위 검사별로 산출한 문항의 곤란도 순서대로 문항을 배열하였다. 본 연구의 표준화검사는 전국의 유치원 및 초ㆍ중ㆍ고등학교에 재학중인 2~17세의 학생 중에서 일반학생 1,776명과 정신지체학생 1,765명, 총 3,541명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 표준화 검사의 분석내용은 규준작성 및 해석에 필요한 기초 통계와 신뢰도 검증ㆍ타당도 검증으로 크게 구분된다. 규준 작성 및 해석을 위한 통계자료는 각 연령별 환산점수, 개념적 적응행동ㆍ사회적 적응행동ㆍ실제적 적응행동 지수 및 전체 적응행동 지수 및 전체 적응행동 지수의 산출, 하위검사간의 점수 차이 및 평균에서의 이탈도를 분석하였다. 신뢰도 검증을 위해서는 반분 신뢰도와 측정의 표준오차ㆍ재검사 신뢰도 계수를 산출하였으며, 타당도 검증에서는 본 연구에서 개발한 KISE-적응행동검사와 사회성숙도검사간의 공인 타당도와 KISE-적응행동 검사의 하위검사 상호 상관계수를 산출하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, KISE-적응행동검사는 우리의 사회ㆍ문화적 맥락과 생활양식에 적합한 문항으로 개념적 적응행동검사, 사회적 적응행동검사, 실제적 적응행동검사를 구성하고 일반학생을 규준으로 적응행동을 평가하되, 정신지체학생의 경우 그들의 규준으로도 적응행동을 평가 하도록 규준을 산출하였으며, 적응행동도 지능과 동일하게 편차단위로 해석해야 적응행동의 지체 정도를 분석하는데 용이하고 피검자의 교육계획을 수립하는데도 쉽게 활용할 수 있기 때문에 편차지수를 이용하여 적응행동 점수를 해석하는 방식으로 개발하였다. 둘째, KISE-적응행동검사의 신뢰도 검증 결과, 각 하위검사의 반분신뢰도는 일반학생의 경우 평균 .67에서 .98의 범위 내에, 정신지체학생의 경우 평균 .71에서 .99의 범위 내에 분포하고 있고, 개념적 적응행동검사ㆍ사회적 적응행동검사ㆍ실제적 적응행동검사 및 전체 적응행동검사의 신뢰도는 일반학생의 경우 .94, .92, .80, .90으로 나타났으며 정신지체 학생의 경우 .97, .96, .96, .99로 나타났다. 측정의 표준오차도 개념적 적응행동검사ㆍ사회적 적응행동검사ㆍ실제적 적응행동검사 및 전체 적응행동검사에서 일반학생의 경우 2.74, 3.10, 3.43, 1.75으로 나타났고, 정신지체학생의 경우 3.94, 4.54, 5.21, 2.82로 나타났다. 이 수치는 모두 대체로 양호한 신뢰도를 나타내는 계수로 KISE-적응행동검사는 신뢰로운 검사라 할 수 있다. 셋째, 타당도 검증에서 KISE-적응행동검사와 사회성숙도검사와의 상관계수는 개념적 적응행동검사ㆍ사회적 적응행동검사ㆍ실제적 적응행동검사 및 전체 적응행동검사에서 일반 학생의 경우 중학교 2학년에서 .67, .80, .76, .86, 정신지체학생의 경우 중학교 2학년에서 72, .61, .83, 78로 나타났다. 이것은 KISE-적응행동검사와 사회성숙도 검사는 서로 다른 배경과 적응행동에 대한 정의를 기초로 제작한 것이나 둘이 밀접한 상관을 지니고 있음을 나타내는 것으로 KISE-적응행동 검사는 타당도 높은 적응행동 검사라 할 수 있다. 넷째, 전체 연령에서 개념적 적응행동검사ㆍ사회적 적응행동검사ㆍ실제적 적응행동검사 및 전체 적응행동검사간의 상호 상관 분석 결과, 일반학생과 정신지체학생 모두 비교적 검사간에 상관을 나타내어 KISE-적응행동 검사는 검사영역간에 비교적 상관이 높은 검사라 할 수 있다. 이와 같이 개발한 KISE-적응행동검사는 연구 수행상의 제한점과 함께 앞으로 현장에서 활용하는 과정에서 나타나는 문제점을 계속 수정ㆍ보완해 나갈 필요가 있다. 또한 KISE-적응행동검사는 개발 결과와 관련하여 다양한 연구들이 이루어져 보다 신뢰롭고 활용성이 큰 검사로 발전해야 한다. 따라서 KISE-적응행동검사는 적응행동지수 및 각 하위검사 점수들에 대한 해석을 위해 본 연구에 제시한 분석방법뿐만 아니라 다른 유형의 이탈도 분석을 다양하게 시도해 볼 필요가 있으며, 각 장애영역과 관련하여 임상적 특성을 밝히는 연구를 수행해야 할 것이고, 보다 예언력 있는 검사가 되기 위해서는 각 하위검사에 대한 요인분석을 시도해 볼 필요도 있다고 할 수 있다. The purpose of this study is to develop a scales of adaptive behavior which is suitable for our social and cultural context as a basic and compulsory instrument in order to identify students with disabilities. We analyze domestic and foreign social adaptive scales in order to produce a model of Korean adaptive behavior scale and to develop items which fits Korean social and cultural context. Then we selected items through experimental trials. 559 students from K through 12, at the age of 2-17, were sampled in order to decide the item quality. According to the item analysis results, 242 items were finally selected and arranged by the item difficulty for each domain. For the normative procedure of this study, 1,776 non-mental retardation student sample and 1,765 mental retardation student sample were evaluated with the scale. The analysis of the standardized test results included statistics for interpreting the results of the scales, reliability and validity. In order to interpret the results of the scales, converted scores by age, conceptual adaptive behavior quotient, social adaptive behavior quotient, practical adaptive behavior quotient, total quotient, score differences among domains, and deviance from the mean were analyzed. The findings of the study are as follows. First, KISE-scales adaptive behavior consists of conceptual adaptive behavior, social adaptive behavior, and practical adaptive behavior domains. The items were developed under the consideration of the suitability to the Korean social and cultural context. The scale was standardized on two groups, students with mental retardation and students without mental retardation. Therefore, students with mental retardation can be evaluated by two different norms. The interpretation of scores was based on deviation quotient as in intelligence tests in order to understand the degree of retardation of adaptive behavior skills and to establish the educational plans for the examinees. Second, examining the reliability reveled that the split-half test reliability for normal students fell between .71-.99 and for students with mental retardation it fell between .73-.99. Conceptual adaptive behavior quotient, social adaptive behavior quotient, practical adaptive behavior quotient, total scales reliability were shown as .94, .92, .89, .91 for normal students and .97, .94, .96, .96 for students with mental retardation. Standard errors of measurement of conceptual adaptive behavior, social adaptive behavior, practical adaptive behavior domain and total scales reliability were shown as 2.74, 3.10, 3.45, 6.45 for normal students and 3.94, 4.54, 5.21, 7.56 for students with mental retardation. These results are considered to be fine. Third, examining the validity of the scale revealed that correlation coefficeint between KISE ?scales adaptive behavior and Korean modified ABS-SE for conceptual adaptive behavior quotient, social adaptive behavior quotient, practical adaptive behavior quotient, total scale reliability were shown as .72, .61, .83, .78 for normal students and .82, .80, .84, .84 for students with mental retardation. The values suggests that supportive evidence for the construct validity of the scales. Fourth, intercorrelation of conceptual adaptive behavior domain, social adaptive behavior domain, practical adaptive behavior domain and total scale through all ages suggested that normal students and students with mental retardation showed relatively independent results. KISE ?scales adaptive behavior needs to be modified and supplemented based on the issues and problems which will occur in the field. Follow-up studies such as factor analysis of each domain, investigation of clinical characteristics of different disability areas based on the results of the test and the development of different types of deviance analysis can be expected.

초소형 구조물의 부착 방지를 위한 새로운 자기 집합 물질에 대한 연구

김봉환,오창훈,전국진,정택동,변장웅,이윤식 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

In order to achieve stiction-free polysilicon surfaces, we have suggested a new chemical grafting precursor and confirmed their excellent characteristics. When dichlorodimethylsilane(DDS, C_(2)H_(6)SiCl_(2)), a dialkyldichlorosilane widely used in silicon machining, have been used as a precursor, experimental results were clearly comparable to those of monoalkyltrichlorosilanes octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS, C_(18)H_(37)SiCl_(3)) or 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrichloro-silane (FDTS, C_(10)H_(4)F_(17)SiCl_(3)) in terms of stiction reduction. The polysilicon cantilevers were fabricated in the carefully controlled conditions and laser interferometer indicated that their residual stress gradient was 2 MPa/μm upward from the substrate. The SEM images of polysilicon cantilever beams with DDS coating are upward and no stiction is observed up to 2 mm in length.