Synergistic effect of melamine in combination with cyanuric acid on urinary tract toxicity in rats

Jong-Choon Kim, In-Chul Lee, Sung-Hwan Kim, Hyung-Sun Baek, Sung-Soo Kang 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2013 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.14 No.3

The present study investigated the urinary tract toxicity of melamine alone or in combination with cyanuric acid in rats. Male rats were orally administered melamine alone (800 mg/kg) or melamine plus cyanuric acid (50 mg/kg each) for 3 consecutive days. Although melamine treatment did not show any significant difference in body weight, kidney or urinary bladder weight, serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) or creatinine levels, it caused a decrease in urinary pH and mild histopathological alterations in the kidney and urinary bladder. In contrast, co-administration of melamine and cyanuric acid induced a decrease in body weight, an increase in kidneys and urinary bladder weights, and an elevation in serum BUN and creatinine levels, which were not observed in animals treated with melamine alone. Histopathological examination showed that the incidence and severity of histopathological lesions in the kidney and urinary bladder were much higher than those in the melamine group. Urinalysis revealed an increase in urine occult blood, leukocytes and protein and a decrease in urinary pH. These results indicate that concomitant administration of cyanuric acid synergistically potentiated the urinary tract toxicity induced by melamine in rats. In this study, we first demonstrated the synergistic toxic effects of melamine in combination with cyanuric acid on urinary bladder and urinalysis in rats.

봉독약침이 류마티스 관절염 환자의 관절 통증, 종창 및 급성 염증 반응에 미치는 영향

이상훈,이현종,백용현,김수영,박재경,홍승재,양형인,김건식,이재동,최도영,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-

Objective In order to study the effects of bee venom(BV) on the pain, edema, and acute inflammatory reactant of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients. Methods Patients with RA who met the ACR(American College of Rheumatology) 1987 revised criteria for the diagnosis of RA were treated with the BV therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender Joint counts, swollen joint counts, Visual analog scale(VAS), morning stiffness, ESR. C-reactive protein(CRP) were analyzed before and after BV therapy. Results The results as follows. 1. Tender joint counts in patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(9.0±7.9 vs 15± 11.4, p=0.002). 2. Swollen joint counts of the patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(50±61 vs 15±23, p=0.001). 3. VAS in patients after BV therapy was significantly lower than those before BV therapy(608± 17.6 vs 380± 159, p=0.000). 4. Duration of morning stiffness in patients after BV therapy was significantly reduced compared with that before BV therapy(119.1± 112.6 min vs 59.0±89.7 min, p=0.009). 5. ESR and CRP were not significantly changed before and after BV therapy, suggesting BV itself could make inflammatory reaction as well as therapeutic effect. Conclusions BV therapy improved tender joint counts, swollen joint counts and duration of morning stiffness in this study, and further study is needed on long-term effect of BV therapy.

FEM에 의한 차체구조용 단일모자형 단면부재의 축압궤특성에 관한 연구

차천석,황창숙,백경윤,김기형,양인영 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2002 機械技術硏究 Vol.5 No.1

차체전면부 사이드부재는 점용접에 의해서 이루어진 모자형 단면형상을 갖는 강도부재로써, 차량의 전면충돌에 있어서 중요한 역할을 한다. 전면충돌에 있어서 차량의 전면부에서 충분한 에너지를 흡수한다면, 승차자에게 가해지는 충격에너지를 경감시킬 수 있다. 따라서, 이러한 강도부재는 충분한 강성을 가져야 하지만, 적절한 압궤 또한 이루어져야 한다. 본 연구에서는 단일모자형 단면부재에 대하여 플랜지부 점용접 간격을 변화시켜 준정적(0.017m/sec) 및 충격합궤(7.19m.sec, 1034J)하에서 압궤특성을 해석하고자 유한요소 프로그램인 LS-DYNA3D을 이용하여 준정적 및 충격압궤 시뮬레이션을 행하였다. 시뮬레이션은 압궤실험 결과와 비교함으로서 시뮬레이션의 타당성을 학인하였다. The hat shaped section members of vehicles compose the base frame which plays an important role in a front-end collision. It consists of the hat shaped section members with spot welds. In front-end collision, the impact energy for the passengers will be decreased as the front parts of vehicles has sufficiently absorbed energy. And then, this structures have not to be very stiff but collapse progressively to absorb the kinetic energy as expected. In this study. LS-DYNA3D has been used for analyzing collapse characteristics on hat shaped section members with respect to spot weld pitches under quasi-static(0.017m/sec) and impact load(7.19m/sec. 1034J). By comparing the results from simulation and the experimental results. the utilization fo simulation has been certified.

Beam Characterization at the KAERI UED Beamline

Sadiq Setiniyaz,Hyun Woo Kim,In-Hyung Baek,Jinhee Nam,MoonSik Chae,Byung-Heon Han,Boris Gudkov,Kyu Ha Jang,Sunjeong Park,Sergey Miginsky,Nikolay Vinokurov,Young Uk Jeong 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.69 No.6

The UED (ultrafast electron diffraction) beamline of the KAERI’s (the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute’s) WCI (World Class Institute) Center has been successfully commissioned. We have measured the beam emittance by using the quadrupole scan technique and the charge by using a novel measurement system we have developed. In the quadrupole scan, a larger drift distance between the quadrupole and the screen is preferred because it gives a better thin-lens approximation. A high bunch-charge beam, however, will undergo emittance growth in the long drift caused by the space-charge force. We present a method that mitigates this growth by introducing a quadrupole scan with a short drift and without using the thin-lens approximation. The quadrupole in this method is treated as a thick lens, and the emittance is extracted by using the thick-lens equations. Apart from being precise, our method can be readily applied without making any change to the beamline and has no need for a big drift space. For charge measurement, we have developed a system consisting of an in-air Faraday cup (FC) and a preamplifier. Tests performed utilizing 3.3- MeV electrons show that the system was able to measure bunches with pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds at 10 fC sensitivity.

케이블 돔 구조물의 축대칭 하중에 의한 비선형 불안정 현상에 관한 연구

백인성,김형석,김숭덕 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(구조계)

One of important problem, in large space structure, is to overcome the self weight of roof construction. This problem can be solved with using tension members effectively. Thus the rapid progress of Hybrid structure, that makes effective use of the means of settling, has a good effect on realizing the large space. In this study, the shape finding problem by applying initial stresses is investigated and using this we examined the unstable phenomena of the perfectly shaped and the models have initial imperfection under axisymmetric load to grasp the unstable behaviour of the Geiger and Flower type in the cable domes.

항균 활성을 가진 천연약재의 검색

송형석,이지연,오성준,백남인,김해영 경희대학교 생명자원과학연구원 2000 硏究論文集 Vol.21 No.-

We investigated the antimicrobial activity of the hot-water extracts and methanol extracts from medicinal plants. Sixty-two samples were tested by disk diffusion method at concentrations of 5,000ppm and 10,000ppm. Seven species of medicinal plants showed a significant antimicrobial activity against various food-borne microorganisms.

LT, Others : PO-32 ; Comparative genotype analysis of hepatitis A virus: Two one-year studies in South Korea in 2002 and 2011

( In Hyuk Baek ),( Hyung Joon Kim ),( Hyun Woong Lee ),( M Ok Song ),( Thoi Cong Truong ),( Seung Kew Yoon ),( Hee Young Lee ),( Dong Hwa Shon ),( In Sik Chung ),( Wonyong Kim ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.1

Background: Recently, hepatitis A has become increasingly important because its incidence is dramatically increasing in adolescents and adults in South Korea. HAV infection is now recognized as a public health burden. This situation has resulted in the need for genetic and epidemiological evaluation of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. We performed a comparative HAV genetic analysis between non-endemic period and endemic period. Methods: HAV IgM-positive fecal samples were collected from patients with acute hepatitis A at two university hospitals in South Korea during the two study periods of 2002 (n=34) and 2011 (n=45) and their genetic variability was characterized. Results: From a total of 79 specimens, the nucleotide sequences of the VP1 and 2A regions were successfully amplified in 27 (34.2%) samples and subjected to sequence analysis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most strains belonged to genotype I, which is the major genotype worldwide. The subgenotype IA (93.3%, 13/14) was predominant in 2002, whereas the subgenotype IIIA (69.2%, 9/13) was the major subgenotype in 2011. Notably, a IIIA strain was detected in 2002 from a patient who had a history of travel to India. Conclusions: Genetically, there was a dramatic shift in circulating HAV subgenotypes from IA to IIIA during the past ten years. This report provides new insight into the genetic variation and relatedness of HAV circulating in South Korea.

LT, Others : PO-32 ; Comparative genotype analysis of hepatitis A virus: Two one-year studies in South Korea in 2002 and 2011

( In Hyuk Baek ),( Hyung Joon Kim ),( Hyun Woong Lee ),( Mi Ok Song ),( Thoi Cong Truong ),( Seung Kew Yoon ),( Hee Young Lee ),( Dong Hwa Shon ),( In Sik Chung ),( Won Yong Kim ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.-

Background: Recently, hepatitis A has become increasingly important because its incidence is dramatically increasing in adolescents and adults in South Korea. HAV infection is now recognized as a public health burden. This situation has resulted in the need for genetic and epidemiological evaluation of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. We performed a comparative HAV genetic analysis between non-endemic period and endemic period. Methods: HAV IgM-positive fecal samples were collected from patients with acute hepatitis A at two university hospitals in South Korea during the two study periods of 2002 (n=34) and 2011 (n=45) and their genetic variability was characterized. Results: From a total of 79 specimens, the nucleotide sequences of the VP1 and 2A regions were successfully amplified in 27 (34.2%) samples and subjected to sequence analysis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most strains belonged to genotype I, which is the major genotype worldwide. The subgenotype IA (93.3%, 13/14) was predominant in 2002, whereas the subgenotype IIIA (69.2%, 9/13) was the major subgenotype in 2011. Notably, a IIIA strain was detected in 2002 from a patient who had a history of travel to India. Conclusions: Genetically, there was a dramatic shift in circulating HAV subgenotypes from IA to IIIA during the past ten years. This report provides new insight into the genetic variation and relatedness of HAV circulating in South Korea.

Effects of Nonylphenol and 2,2', 4,6,6'-pentachlorobiphenyl on in vitro Sex Steroid Production in Maturing Oocytes of the Yellowfin Goby, Acanthogobius flavimanus

Baek, Hea-Ja,Hwang, In-Joon,Park, Myoung-Hee,Kim, Hyung-Bae The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2009 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.12 No.4

Several studies have reported that nonylphenol (NP) and 2,2', 4,6,6'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB104) exhibit estrogenic activity. To investigate the estrogenic potency of NP and PCB104 during oocyte maturation, fully vitellogenic oocytes (0.76 mm diameter in average) of yellow fin goby, Acanthogobius flavimanus, were exposed in vitro to these chemicals at different concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1,000 ng/mL) with the exogenous precursor $17\alpha$-hydroxyprogesterone ($17{\alpha}OHP$) 50 ng/mL in the presence or absence of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). The production of testosterone (T), estradiol-$17\beta$ (E2), and $17\alpha,20\beta$-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one ($17\alpha20{\beta}OHP$) in response to NP or PCB104 were measured by radioimmunoassay. Steroid levels were also expressed as E2/T and E2/$17\alpha20{\beta}OHP$ ratios. In the absence of HCG, no significant differences in either NP or PCB104 treatment groups were observed. In the presence of HCG, NP treatment did not show significant differences in the production of T, E2, and $17\alpha20{\beta}OHP$ at any concentrations tested, but E2/T ratios were decreased at concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, and 1,000 ng/mL compared with the control group. PCB104 decreased E2 production at concentrations of 0.1, 10, and 1000 ng/mL, but did not show significant differences in the production of T and $17\alpha20{\beta}OHP$ at any concentration tested. While E2/T ratios were decreased at PCB104 concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, and 1,000 ng/mL, E2/$17\alpha20{\beta}OHP$ ratios were also decreased at 0.1, 10, and 1,000 ng/mL compared with the control. Results indicate that both NP and PCB104 appeared to have antiestrogenic effects during this phase.

Effects of nonylphenol and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl on in vitro oocyte steroidogenesis in redlip mullet, Chelon haematocheilus

Baek, Hea-Ja,Hwang, In-Joon,Lee, Young-Don,Kim, Hyung-Bae The Korean Society for Integrative Biology 2011 Animal cells and systems Vol.15 No.3

We investigated the in vitro effects of nonylphenol (NP) and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) on steroidogenesis in redlip mullet, Chelon haematocheilus, oocytes. In experiment 1, we investigated the effects of NP and PCB126 on steroid production from exogenous steroid precursors. Vitellogenic oocytes (0.75 mm in diameter) were incubated with 10 and 100 ng/ml NP or PCB126 with $[^3H]17{\alpha}$-hydroxyprogesterone as a precursor. The major metabolites produced were androstenedione, testosterone (T), estrone, and estradiol-$17{\beta}$ ($E_2$). Both NP and PCB126 increased T production and decreased $E_2$ production, except for 100 ng/ml PCB126. In experiment 2, oocytes (0.65-0.75 mm in diameter) were exposed to NP and PCB126 at different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL). After the incubation, T and $E_2$ production was measured by radioimmunoassay. NP inhibited $E_2$ production at concentrations of 0.01 and 0.1 ng/ml in 0.75-mm-diameter oocytes. NP at 1 and 100 ng/mL stimulated T production, but had no observable effect on $E_2$ production. PCB126 treatment did not affect $E_2$ production at any of the concentrations tested. NP alone at 0.1 ng/mL resulted in a significant decrease in $E_2$ production in 0.65-mm-diameter oocytes. PCB126 did not show any significant effects on either T or $E_2$ production at all concentrations tested. These results suggest that NP acts like an antiestrogen at lower concentrations (0.01-0.1 ng/ml) in vitellogenic oocytes of redlip mullet.