서울시내 고등학교 위탁급식의 급식비와 투자비의 실태 및 위탁업체의 기대수준 비교 분석

양일선,배환미,김현아,신서영,조미나,박수연,차진아,이보숙 한국식생활문화학회 2002 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.17 No.5

The purposes of this study were to a) find out the operational characteristics of the contract-managed highschool foodservice in Seoul, b) investigate the expected level of meal-price and facilities investment cost perceived by contract-managed highschool foodservice managers c) compare the present level and expected level of meal-price and facilities investment cost. From October 12 to November 13 in 2001, the questionnaires were mailed to 249 high schools which was managed by contract foodservice company with respondent rate 40.2%. Data were analyzed using SPSS Win(10.0) for descriptive analysis and one group paired t-test. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. The student enrollment of highschools run by contract-managed foodservice was 1,243 with 72.6% participation rate of school lunch program. The average meal-price was 2,138 won. The average annual period of school foodservice operation was 156.78 days per year. The average contracting period was about 3 years. 2. The average cost concerned in the facilities investment amounts 169,578,180 won at the initial investment and 25,204,092 won at the repairs and maintenance cost in the course of operation. 3. The present level of meal-price and facilities investment cost were respectively 2,136won/meal and 171,157,336.72 won. And expected level.of meal-price and amount of facilities investment cost were 2,418.75 won and 121,353,215.19 won. Comparing the present level with expected level of the meal-price and facilities investment cost, expected level of meal-price was significantly higher than the present level of meal-price(p<.001) and expected level of facilities investment cost was significantly lower than present level of facilities investment cost(p<.001).

鐵共振을 應用한 定電壓 變壓器의 特性에 대한 硏究

梁載冕,徐英洙 大田工業高等專門學校 1968 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

This paper for that prevent the flicker of lamp load examine the characteristics of the constant voltage transformer applied ferro-resonance. It is investigation of the characteristics of the constant voltage transformer design the transformer bring about ±3% fluctuation of the lamp load voltage depend on power supply that is fluctuating ±14% voltage. In case a non-linear reactor and capacitor may combine series or parallel with proper ratio that almost the fluc tuition eliminate perfectly. But because this transformer is influenced by the load condition and line voltage, percentage of the line voltage drop, full current, load ratio, etc, this scheme must be correspond to this condition, therefore the cost will become expensive.

상품 속성의 특성과 자료수집 방법이 컨조인트 모형의 효과에 미치는 영향에 관한 비교연구

서상윤;이훈영;남양호 경희대학교 산업관계연구소 2009 産硏論叢 Vol.34 No.-

컨조인트 분석에 사용되는 다양한 속성들은 이들 속성들이 갖는 특성에 따라 컨조인트 분석결과에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 컨조인트 분석에 활용되는 개별 속성들은 색상이나 브랜드처럼 크기와 방향이 없는 이산적인 경우와 가격 혹은 무게 등과 같이 단조적인 크기와 방향을 갖는 벡터속성인 경우가 있다. 또한 이들 속성간 관계가 상품의 원산지와 색상처럼 상호 독립적인 경우가 있으며, 상품의 용량과 가격처럼 연관되어 있는 경우도 있다. 본 연구에서는 이렇게 상품 속성의 특성이 컨조인트 모형의 예측정확도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 가를 비교연구 하였다. 연구결과, 상품의 속성들이 이산적인 속성들로 구성되어 있고 속성간에 서로 독립적인 경우, 속성이 단조적인 크기와 방향의 벡터속성과 서로 연관된 속성을 갖는 모형보다 예측정확도가 더 높게 나타났다. 또한, 트레이드 오프법과 전체프로필법을 이용한 두 자료수집 방법 간 예측정확도 비교에 있어서 상품의 속성들이 서로 독립적인 경우에는 트레이드 오프법을 이용한 자료 수집방법이 전체프로필법을 이용한 자료수집방법 보다 예측정확도 측면에서 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났고, 속성들이 서로 연관되어 있는 경우에는 두 방법간에 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. The performance of conjoint model tends to depend on the characteristics of product attributes as well as the strength of correlation among attributes. If attributes used in the analysis are highly related with each other, the thult of conjoint analysis might not be so reliable neither effective in measuring the utility. The association among the attribute levels within an attribute also negatively influences on the performance of conjoint model. The purpose of this research is to investigate into how the effectiveness of conjoint model varies depending on the relation among attributes as well as on the monotonic variies depenattribute levels within an attribute. This paper also examines which data collecting method is more angropriiee depending on the different association among attributes and attribute levels' characteristics within an attribute. This research finds that both the dependency among attributes and the monotonic variies depenattribute levels influence the accuracyepenebute. ed conjoint model. The model develonto with independent product attributes outperforms that with sibuwhat related product attributes. The better model is ebute. ed whennattribute levels are non-monotonic relirelated ds independent. Also when attributes are independent, the model mas onic vardata collected uthe m vart as well method outperforms that develonto using the data collected by the full profile method.

유세포 측정을 통한 CD34^(+)세포의 정량방법 비교

양형모,서영훈,엄현석,민창기,김희제,정대철,이종욱,진종율,한치화,김춘추,김학주 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1998 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.3 No.2

본 연구소에서는 현재 CD34^(+) 세포의 정량에 사용되고 있는 4가지 서로 다른 방법을 가지고 골수에 적용하여 그 결과를 비교하였다. 각각의 방법들이 편리한 점과 불리한 점들을 가지고 있었지만, 통계적으로는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 1) CD34-PE/CD45-FITC 방법13(ISHAGE: International Society of Hematotherapy and Graft Engineering), 2) CD34-PE/CD14-FITC 방법, 3) CD34-PE/CD14-FITC/CD45-PerCP 방법, 4) DNA dye/CD34-PE/CD45-PerCP4(Becton Dickinson) 등을 비교하였으며 그 결과 CD34^(+) 세포의 농도는 다음과 같았다. 1) 0.473±0.345, (%Mean±SD, N=70) 2) 0.663±0.519, (N=20), 3) 0.543±0.381 (N=46), 4) 0.624±0.341, (N=32). 시료로는 여의도 성모병원 카톨릭 조혈모세포이식 센터에서 채혈한 골수를 이용하였다. Four different methods for flow cytometric quantitation of CD34+ cell were compared using bone marrow samples (n=168). Following combination of antibodies were used for the analysis : A) CD45-FITC/CD34-PE (n=70), B) CD14-FITC/CD34-PE (n=20), C) CD14-FITC /CD34-PE /CD45-PerCP(n=46), D) DNA dye/CD34-PE/CD45-PerCP (n=32). Each method showed no significant differences among them (P=0.126, ANOVA test, SPSS Version 7.5). When we compare these methods using same samples (n=12), the P value became 0.832. The mean % of CD34+ cells calculated in this experiment were A) 0.474%, B) 0.663%, C) 0.548%, D) 0.624% respectively. In our laboratory, we decided to use CD45-FITC/CD34-PE methods as a routine protocol.

효과적인 하중운반체계의 동역학적 연구

서국웅,양점홍,윤양진,황영성,이중숙,김용재,유경복 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1994 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

The purpose of this study was to get the quantitative data of effect of two different load carrying system on Kinematics and Kinetics. The subjects for the research were 2-adults. The mechanism of each load carrying pattern was measured by a motion analylizer, a forceplatform and EMG system. The conclusions were get from Kinematics variables and Kinetics variables. 1. It was not effected at the vertical reaction force(Fz) of left, right foot according to the big value the 1st peack of 10kg, 15kg fore, back-pack carrying system, 20 kgw, 30 kgw back-pack carrying system in walking. But it was effected at the vertical reaction force(Fz) on 30 kgw back-pack carrying system in walking. 2. It was not effected at the Anterior-Posterior reaction force(Fx) of left, right foot according to high value of the 1st peack on 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore, back-pack carrying in walking. But, it was effected on the 20 kgw, 30 kgw only back-pack carrying in walking. 3. It was effected at the left-right reaction force(Fy) of left-right foot according to the big value of the 2nd peak on 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking. It was more effective than 20 kgw, 30 kgw back-pack carrying system in walking. There was not disorder force(Fx) on 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking. 4. Analysis of computer graphic, on the pack carrying system in walking. It was efficient in 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking. But, it was efficient on 20 kgw, 30 kgw backpack carrying in walking. Castrocnemius, Tibialis anterior, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, are stressed to bend their body foreward. So it occurred fatigue fast, injured muscles and joints. 5. Extension anyles and flection angles of the knee joint and the hip joint on 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking showed less than those on 20 kgw, 30 kgw backpack carrying system in walking. It was efficient on the 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking. 6. Magnitudes of EMG of Castrocnemius, Tibialis anterior, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, were increased according to increasing weight road and were decreased on the 20 kgw, 30 kgw back-pack carrying system in walking.

조선대학병원에서 경험한 삼일열 말라리아의 임상적 고찰

서영선,김양수,김태균,박유환,홍순표,정춘해 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 1999 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.24 No.1

In the five years since 1993 Malaria has made a ceaseless attack on the native Koreans as an indigenously formed disease in addition to the imported one. This study was aimed at clinical symptoms and signs of Malaria which had occurred indigenously in Cheon-Nam. 18 cases were reviewed retrospectively in this study which was composed of 17 men and 1 woman. They were admitted to Chosun Hospital because of the indigenous Malaria in 1998. Fever and chill , the most frequent symptoms in early stages made a 100% occurrence followed by general myalgia(89%) and headache(83%). Physical examination of those admitted showed the splenomegaly most frequently in 61% of the patients. It took four to ten days to visit the hospital since the symptoms first occurred in the patients. Gametocytes among the Malarial life cycle were observed most commonly (91.3%) in the occurrence of the disease and the prestages of the life cycle as well. The hematologic abnormalities observed was Anemia(89%), Thrombocytopenia(61%), and Neutropenia(50%) in the order named. On the third hospital day since giving the standard Malarial drugs parasitemia decreased remarkably (1540/㎕ : Mean parasitic concentration) and 28th day of treatment no parasitemia were found. In conclusion the patients suffering from malaria in Cheon-Nam had been in an armistice area and the symptoms were so relatively mild that the responses to treatment were good and relapses occurred. But, it requires further epidemiologic survey and more concern about the indigenous Malaria.

교잡종 찰옥수수에 대한 연구 III : Ⅲ. 국내 옥수수 유전자원 수집종에 대한 주요 특성 분포

서정은,주현민,최윤표,홍범용,조양희,주정일,지희정,이희봉 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2007 농업과학연구 Vol.34 No.2

2006년 국내 각 지역으로부터 수집된 재래종옥수수 유전자원을 관행방법에 의해 파종하고 주요특성별로 분포도를 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 수집된 유전자원에 대한 발아율은 대부분 80∼100%이상의 분포를 보였으나, 일부 수집계통에는 30% 미만의 극히 저조한 발아율을 보였다. 2. 수집자원에 대한 초기생육을 살펴보면 극히 생육이 저조한 것이 40% 정도를 보였고, 극히 우수한 자원은 3%미만으로 나타났다. 3. 간장은 대부분이 150∼199cm범위에 55%가 분포하고 있었으나, l00cm이하가 5%, 250cm이상이 8%로 나타나 수집종간에 큰 차이를 보였다. 4. 주당 분얼수는 1개 미만이 40%의 분포를 보였으나, 일부 수집종에서 2 내지 3개의 분얼수를 보이는 계통이 확인되었다. 5. 개화소요일수는 61∼64일의 범위에서 40%, 57∼60일의 범위에서 30%의 분포를 보였으며, 특히 일부 수집종의 경우 55일 이하의 극조생종도 10% 정도의 분포를 보였다. 6. 이삭길이는 대부분 11∼15cm범위에 60%가 포함되어 있으나, 일부계통에서 5cm미만이 2%, 16∼20cm의 이삭길이도 10%가 분포하였다. Germination ratio on the 300 collected genetic resources showed 80 to 100 percentage, but those of some accessions were very low as below 30 percentage. Early growth phase of most of these lines were very poor while some collected lines were very vigor. Range of stem height showed from 150 to 199cm, but that of some accessions showed below 100cm as five percentage and some of them was over 250cm as eight percentage. Number of tillers per plant appeared less one but some collected lines have two to three tillers per plant. In days to tasseling, some accessions showed more four per plant. Ear length of these accession showed above 60 percentage as 11 to 15cm, while that of some collected lines showed over 10 percentage as 16 to 20cm.

지능형 빌딩을 위한 통신실 설치기준

김영오,서태석,양수경,류명주,고대식 牧園大學校 建築·都市硏究센터 1998 建築·都市環境硏究 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구에서는 국내 건축물의 통신실에 대한 운영상의 문제점을 조사·분석하고 효율적인 구내통신 서비스를 위한 통신실의 설계 및 설치기준안을 제시하였다. 국내 업무용 건물의 통신실 설계 및 설치현황을 조사한 결과, 대부분의 통신실 크기가 장비의 설치 및 유지보수시에 필요한 여유공간의 고려가 없이 작게 설치되어 있었으며, 위치 고려의 문제점도 발견되는 등 통신실의 설계 및 설치단계에서 통신실의 중요성이 크게 인식되지 못한 문제점이 있었다. 한편, 통신실에 관한 국내·외 기준을 비교한 결과, 대부분의 선진국에서는 통신실의 설치기준이 자세하게 포함된 구내통신설비의 설계 및 설치 기술표준을 제정, 운용하고 있었지만, 국내에는 통신실에 대한 구체적인 설계 및 설치 표준이 없는 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 국내 주거용 및 업무용 구내통신설비 설치표준과 미국의 통신협회인 BICSI 매뉴얼을 기반으로 하고 국내상황을 고려한 통신실의 설계 및 설치 기준안을 작성하였다.

유산균들의 콜레스테를 저하성, 내산성, 내담즙성, 항생제 내성 비교

박소영,고영태,정후길,양진오,정현서,김영배,지근억 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.3

기능성 요구르트의 제조에 사용되는 유산균은 인체에 유익한 생리활성과 우수한 생존능력을 보유하고 있는 것이 바람직하다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 유산균주의 산과 담즙 및 항생제에 대한 내성을 조사하였으며 in vitro에서 콜레스테롤 저하능을 조사하였다. In vitro에서 콜레스테롤 저하능이 우수한 13균주를 선발하여 이들의 동결건조 분말을 고 콜레스테롤 식이의 실험쥐에 투여하였다. 그 결과 8균주는 비 투여구보다 유의적으로 18.3~27.3%의 콜레스테롤 저하능을 나타냈다(P≤0.05). 이들 중에서 Bifidobacterium infantis AM-220, Lactobacillus AM-245, Streptococcus MA-1의 3균주를 이용하여 요구르트를 제조한 후 동결건조 분말을 이용하여 급여실험을 수행한 결과, 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL 함량이 유의적으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. For a probiotic yoghurt it is desirable to utilize lactic acid bacteria with a high survival rate and beneficial function to human beings. We have examined a variety of lactic acid bacteria to assess the acid and bile tolerance and antibiotic resistance. In addition, an in vitro culture experiment was performed to evaluate their ability to reduce cholesterol levels in the growth medium. Thirteen strains were selected from in vitro cholesterol assays and fed to Sprague-Dawley rats with a high-cholesterol diet. Among the 13 strains tested, 8 strains were shown to reduce serum cholesterol levels significantly after 24 days of administration in vivo. Rats were fed lyophilized yoghurt powder fermented with a combination of 3 selected strains: Bifidobacterium infantis AM-220, Lactobacillus AM-245, and Streptococcus MA-1. The levels of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein were significantly lower (p≤0.05) in rats fed the yoghurt powder compared with control group. These studies suggest that yoghurt fermented with appropriately selected lactic acid bacteria may have a anticholesterolemic effect.

테니스 포핸드시 밀어치기와 때려치기 타법의 운동학적 분석

윤양진,정미라,서국웅,이훈식,황명숙,강영택,윤길환 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1999 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

This study consists in clarifying the meaning of various angles and velocity, and two types of the stroke of a pushing shot and hitting shot through the three-dimensional image analyses among the factors of exercise. To attain the purpose of such studies, the result of experiment and analysis for each of three athletes of boys and girls in high school and three persons in general came to the conclusion as follows; 1. The last motion of a group of A having a command of a follow shot showed greatly, compared with two groups of B and C, and this showed that a group of A took a rectilinear motion greatly to gain power and two group of B and C took a rotary motion greatly to gain speed. 2. A group of A having a command of a pushing shot move body weight forward from behind and give the first consideration to a rectilinear motion, and two groups of B and C having a command of the stroke of hitting shot used the turning of the shoulder and the waist and gave much weight to a rotary motion than a rectilinear one. 3. The position of the hitting point of a group of A having a command of a pushing shot turned out to be the waist, and that of the hitting point of two groups of B and C, the chest, and namely this showed that the position of the hitting point was decided according to the form of the stroke and pictures of various kinds. 4. In impacting, the speed decreased, for the power was controled to keep an accurate timing of stroke just before impacting