제 2 형 당뇨병에서 미세혈관 합병증과 대혈관 합병증의 대비

강문호,이기영,정연실,김홍규,서찬종,송광식,박혜영,이원기 대한당뇨병학회 2001 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.2

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a heterogeneous disease. As to its complications, microangiopathy predominantly develop in some patients while macroangiopathy is more predominant in others. Therefore, this study was performed to identify the factors associated with such dissociation. Methods: Type 2 diabetic patients were classified into the macro and microangiopathy groups by carotid intima-medial thickness (IMT) and the presence of severe diabetic retinopathy. Patients with IMT ≤ 0.83 mm and severe NPDR or PDR were assigned to microangiopathy group; those with IMT 0.84 mm and no diabetic retinopathy were assigned to macroangiopathy group. Of 95 patients studied, 14 were classified as microangiopathy group and 20 as macroangiopathy group. Results: When the microangiopathy and macroangiopathy groups were compared, the microangiopathy group were significantly younger at the time of examination and at the onset of diabetes, and had longer duration of diabetes. Percentage of patients receiving insulin treatment was significantly higher and plasma C-peptide significantly lower in the microangiopathy group. However, HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the macroangiopathy group. Furthermore, the multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that younger onset of type 2 diabetes was an independent factor that was associated with the acceleration of microangiopathy. Conclusion: This study suggests that the age at onset of diabetes is an important independent risk factor that is associated with predominant development of microangiopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.

Mo 함유 Zr 합금의 인장 및 크리프 특성

이원식,권숙인,황선근,이창규,김명호,변재원 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2000 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.38 No.5

One of the major reasons for utilizing Zr-base alloys in nuclear reactors is its good resistance to creep. Tension and creep deformation behaviors of Zr-1Nb-1Sn-0.1Fe alloy (0%Mo alloy) and Zr-1Nb-1Sn-0.1Fe-0.5Mo (0.5%Mo alloy) were evaluated to investigate the effect of Mo addition on mechanical properties and anisotropy. The addition of Mo increased the tensile strength through solid solution hardening. Room and high temperature tensile strength of TD(transverse direction) specimens were higher than those of RD(rolling direction) specimens. The TD specimen of 0.5Mo alloy showed higher elongation at room temperature than the RD specimen due to lattice rotation resulted from twin deformation. The stress exponent, n, obtained in creep test lied between 2.3 and 4.5 in both RD and TD specimens and the viscous glide was the predominant mechanism in creep deformation. The 0.5%Mo alloy showed higher creep resistance than the one without Mo.

췌장암에서 Cyclooxygenase - 2 발현의 역할

김은경,이용욱,이규택,최규완,박동일,백승운,이준행,이종균,고광철,이풍렬,이종철,김재준,김완선,공구 대한소화기학회 2001 대한소화기학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Background/Aims: Accumulating evidence suggests that the use of NSAID may reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer. The likely mechanisms of these effects by NSAID is cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-related inhibition of tumor proliferation and induction of apoptosis. The aim of our study was to examine possible roles and clinical significance of COX-2 expression in pancreatic cancer. Methods: Seventy-two pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue specimens were obtained from surgical resection. After the immunohistochemical staining of the specimens, we examined proliferation activity (assayed by Ki-67 expression), apoptosis (by TUNEL stain), and microvessel density (by CD34 expression). We also investigated the relationship between the immunohistochemical expression of COX-2 and various clinicopathological characteristics. Results: The COX-2 positive rate in pancreatic epithelial cells was 41.7%. Proliferation index (PI) was significant higher in COX-2 positive specimens comparing to negative specimen (p=0.015) and the increase in intensity of COX-2 expression correlated with increasing PI (p=0.036). Apoptotic index (AI) was significantly higher in positivee COX-2 expression than in negative expression (p=0.044), but there was no significant difference in AI/PI between the COX-2 positive and negative specimens (p=0.44). The expression of COX-2 protein did not correlate with microvessel density, sex, age, differentiation, tumor size, stage, metastasis or patients survival. Conclusions: The expression of COX-2 enzyme in pancreatic cancer contributes to tumor proliferation, but is not related to apoptosis, angiogenesis or clinical characteristics. Further study is needed to examine the clinical usefulness of NSAID and COX-2 selective inhibitors.

인슐린 신호정달 경로

이문규,전병학 대한당뇨병학회 1993 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.17 No.4

하기도 감염증 환자의 치료에 있어서 Ceftibuten과 Cefaclor의 유효성 및 안전성 비교평가를 위한 임상시험

이홍렬,김세규,장준,김성규,이원영 대한화학요법학회 1996 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.14 No.2

Ceftibuten은 β-acyl side chain에 carboxye-thylidine moiety를 가진 aminothiazolyl cephalosporin으로, 전형적인 plasmid β-lactamase 및 새로운 TEM 효소에 대하여 구조적이 안정성과 경구 복용시의 흡수 정도가 향상되었다. 다른 3 세대 경구용 cephalosporin과 마찬가지로 항균력이 비경구용 cephalosporin와 비슷하고 약력학적으로는 더 우수하기 때문에 외래 환자들의 하부 호흡기계 감염에 비경구용 약제의 차선책으로 사용이 가능하다. 본 연구에서 병원외에서 발생한 하부 호흡기계 감염을 대상으로 ecftibuten과 cefaclor를 투여한 결과 임상 양상은 모두 치료후에 호전되었다. 임상적으로 유효한 cure와 improvement의 예는 ceftibuten군에서 89.7%, cefaclor군은 87.5%씩 이었고 양군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 세균학적으로 ceftibuten 군에서 elimination이 더 많았으나 역시 양군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. Ceftibuten군중 3.0%, cefaclor군은 7.4%에서 부작용이 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과로써 ceftibuten은 병원외에서 발생한 하부 호흡기계 감염에 대하여 외래에서 효과적으로 사용할 수 있는 항생제라고 생각된다. Ceftibuten is the aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, which contains a carboxyethylidine moiety at position 7 of the β-acyl side chain. The provides β-lactamase stability against both the classic plasmid β-lactamases, and also the new TEM enzymes, and excellent absorption by the oral route. Because, similarly to other oral third-generation cephalosporins, ceftibuten has the expanded antimicrobial spectrum like parenteral third-generation cephalosporins and better pharmacokinetic properties, it may be a good alternative against lower respiratory tract infection, mainly in the outpatient setting. In this study, we examined the efficacy and safety of ceftibuten in the patients with the community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection. We administrated ceftibuten or cefaclor in randomized comparative manner. Clinical manifestations were improved in both groups and overall effective rates were 89.7% in ceftibuten group and 87.5% in ceftclor group with no significant difference. Most isolated pathogens were eliminated by ceftibution such as Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and so on, even though cases were not sufficient. There was no serious adverse effect by ceftibuten. Conclusively, ceftibuten was thought to be an effective oral antobiotic against community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection in the outpatient setting.

벼 품종의 백엽고병 필리핀 균계에 대한 저항성 유전분석

이규성,구뎁에스쿠쉬 한국국제농업개발학회 2000 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.12 No.4

본 실험은 인디카 벼 4품종을 필리핀 흰잎마름병 6개 레이스 중 레이스 6에 대한 저항성 유전양식과 대립검정을 통한 기존 및 새로운 유전자를 밝히기 위하여 1999년 건기 및 우기에 필리핀 국제미작연구소 식물육종과 흰잎마름병 실험포장에서 수행하였다. 저항성 유전양식은 4품종 모두 필리핀 레이스 6을 지배하는 열성유전자를 갖고 있었으며, 이 유전자는 기존에 밝혀진 저항성 열성 유전자인 xa13과 비 대립관계인 것으로 나타났다. 한편 똑 같은 레이스 6을 지배하는 저항성 열성 유전자이나 xa13과 비 대립간에 있는 것으로 최근 밝혀진 xa24(t) 와의 대립검정에서도 4개 품종 중 ARC5756, Bazail 414 그리고 Bazail 980은 유전자의 비 대립간으로 밝혀졌으며, Bhadoia 648은 대립간으로 나타나 xa24(t)와 같은 유전자로 나타났다. 따라서, 3개 품종은 레이스 6을 지배하는 새로운 유전자일 가능성이 컸으며, 확인 검정을 위한 F₃후대 검정이 이루어지고 있다. The mode of inheritance and allelic relationship of the genes for resistance to bacterial blight using Philippine races of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae(Xoo) in four cultivars were studied. The results showed that four cultivars have at least a single recessive gene for resistance to race 6. Test for allelism of the genes revealed that a recessive gene conferring resistance to race 6 in four cultivars is non-allelic to xa 13. The allelic test of four cultivars with DV85 carrying xa24(t) showed that ARC5756, Bazai1414, and Bazai1980 are non-allelic while Bhadoia 648 is allelic to xa24(t). The further confirmation of new gene conferring resistance to race 6 is now being investigated.

Dieulafoy 양 병변에 의한 십이지장게실 출혈 1 예

김상현,김경환,이동현,송철수,정노원,박상제,김은규,하홍성,나일환,황윤이,성은영,최익수,신영기 대한소화기내시경학회 2001 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.23 No.1

Duodenal diverticula are first reported by Chomel in 1710. Duodenal diverticula are relatively common in adults with a prevalence of 23% in SRCP. The most duodenal diverticulum is asymptomatic. Complications such as obstruction, cholangitis, blliary stones, ulceration, perforation and hemorrhage can occur in approximately 10%. However, relatively few cases of bleeding from a duodenal diverticulum have been reported. The cause of bleeding from a duodenal diverticulum is uncertain and various suspected etiologies were suggested, such as ectopic gastric mucosa, stasis-induced ulceration, erosion into major vessels, aortoenteric fistuias, intradiverticujar polyp, aspirin-induced erosion. We report a case of a bleeding duodenal diverticulum by a Dieulafoy-like lesion and suggest this 1esion as one of posslble causes of blee4ng in duodenal diverticulum.

논문 : 이홍기 편 ?조선전설집?(1944)에 대하여

이복규 ( Bok Kyu Lee ) 온지학회 2012 溫知論叢 Vol.0 No.30

이 글은 이홍기 편 ?조선전설집?(1944)의 존재 양상을 자세히 알리고,이것이 한국 최초의 우리말 전설집이라는 사실을 주장한 논문이다. 그간에는 최상수의 ?한국민간전설집?(1958)을 최초 전설집이라고 인식해왔는데 그렇지 않다는 새로운 주장을 펼쳤다. 최상수의 것에 비해 그 완성도가 떨어지기는 하지만 우리나라 사람이 우리말로 엮은 최초의 전설집인 것이 분명하며, 도별로 엮은 점, 초기의 구비문학 연구자 고정옥에게 적극 활용된 것도 명백한 사실임을 밝혔다. 이홍기의 전설집은 모두 167편의 전설을 싣고 있으며, 지역별로 자료를 배열하고 있다. 경기도 10편, 충청도 7편, 전라도 6편, 경상도 10편, 황해도 8편, 평안도 9편, 강원도 5편, 함경도 11편이다. 수록 전설의 유형을 분류한 결과, 지명(地名19편), 암석(8편), 고승(4편), 원령(怨靈4편), 씨족시조(3편), 총묘(塚墓3편), 불사연기(佛寺緣起3편), 용(3편), 수업(修業3편), 지소(池沼2편), 열녀(2편), 불상(佛像2편), 힘내기(힘경쟁담 2편), 보은형(2편), 용천(湧泉1편), 미혈(米穴쌀나오는 구멍 1편), 정자(亭子1편), 임진왜란(1편), 풍수(風水1편), 의견(義犬1편), 효자(1편), 기타(1편)이었다. 가장 많은 것이 지명전설(19), 그 다음이 암석전설(8)임을 알 수 있었다. 각각 전체의 28퍼센트, 12퍼센트를 차지한다. 이 같은 양상은 최상수의 책에 실린 전설의 유형 분류 결과와 유사하여 흥미롭다. 다른 자료집(북한에서 간행한 설화집 및 최상수가 펴낸 전설집)과 비교한 결과, 최상수의 전설집에는 없는 전설들이 이 전설집에 실려 있었다. 서로 중복되어 실려있는 자료라 할지라도 차이가 있었다. This paper aims to look into what Joseonjeonseoljip (1944), the anthology of Korean folklore compiled and edited by Lee Hong-gi, consists of and to establish the fact that it is Korea`s first Legends anthology written in Korean. A new claim is proposed against the Anthology of Korean Legends (1958) by Choi Sang-su that it is not the first anthology. Although compromising the degree of perfection, the collection is assuredly the first Legends anthology written in Korean and edited by a Korean, characterized by being compiled provincially and being actively quoted by Ko Jeong-ok, the first-generation scholar of oral literature. This book contains 167 stories in total, arranging them under the provincial titles: 10 stories for Gyeonggido, 7 for Chungcheongdo, 6 for Jeollado, 10 for Gyeongsangdo, 8 for Hwanghaedo, 9 for Pyeongando, 5 for Gangwondo, and 11 for Hamgyeongdo. To classify the types of folklore covered, there are 19 stories about geographical names, 8 about rocks, 4 about old monks, 4 about spirits with enmity, 3 about clan`s ancestors, 3 about graves, 3 about building a buddhistic temple, 3 about dragons, 3 about apprenticeship, 2 about bodies of water, 2 about fidelity, 2 about buddhistic statue, 2 about wrestling, 2 about gratitude, 1 about fountain, 1 about a hole for rice, 1 about pavilion, 1 about Imjin War, 1 about feng shui, 1 about a faithful dog, 1 about a filial pious son, and the rest. Legends about geography rank first, followed by those about rocks, which account for 28 percent and 12 percent respectively. This is interesting in that the classification is similar to that of Choi Sang-su. When compared with other collections such as the folklore anthology published in North Korea and that of Choi Sang-su, this book introduces more stories. Even the overlapped stories differ in textual terms. First of all, they differ in size as Lee`s stories are much longer. Secondly, Lee`s stories use more paragraphs. All these suggest that Lee and Choi very likely used different sources when they compiled their materials. The North Korean version turned out to copy virtually everything of Lee`s except that such surrealistic, much too fantastic, or superstitious elements as might contradict the North Korean ideology have been eliminated. This is a pioneering study of Lee Hong-gi`s Joseonjeonseoljip. Provided what the researcher claims in this study is valid, certain statements about ``the first folklore anthology`` ought to be corrected. Additionally, those issues should also be addressed properly such as who on earth Lee Hong-gi the compiler was and what value the stories themselves might retain.

남창가곡 〈우조 초수대엽〉 연구

이오규(Lee Oh-Kyu) 한국전통음악학회 2009 한국전통음악학 Vol.- No.10

하규일 선생으로부터 전창된 가곡은 여러 가창자에 의해 전승되면서 여러 형태의 가보(歌譜)를 정리 하였는데, 그 가보가 가창자에 따라 조금씩 다르게 나타남을 알 수 있다. 본고에서는 〈우조 초수대엽〉 ‘동창이’를 중심으로 선율과 장식음, 발음법, 가사, 시김새, 말붙임, 숨자리 등을 살펴보았는데, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 선율에서는 여러 가보가 거의 대동소이 하지만 이병성ㆍ장사훈 가보는 32정간위에 율명으로 대강의 음들을 기재하였고 연음표를 부분적으로 사용하고 있다. 이주환ㆍ김기수ㆍ이석재 가곡보는 관악기의 장식 부호를 사용하였고, 홍원기ㆍ장시훈 가곡보는 현악기의 형상화된 장식음 부호를 사용하였다. 2. 발음법에서는 초성(자음)은 모두 동일하며, 중성(모음)과 종성(자음)에서는 가보에 따라 조금씩 다르게 나타난다. 3. 시김새는 가보마다 조금씩 다르게 나타남을 알 수 있다. 즉 이병성보는 초기의 율자보, 검기수보는 악보가 세밀하며, 이석재보는 간결하다. 이주환보는 가사 불임이 세밀하고, 홍원기보는 연음표에 가깝게 소리를 형상화한 악보로 표기한다. 4. 가사의 말붙임에 따라 곡태에 차이가 있음을 알 수 있다. 5. 숨자리가 대동소이 하지만 김기수보에서는 〈핫느〉, 〈히노〉, 〈험어〉 다음에 숨표가 붙어 있어서 노래[歌]를 용이하게 하여 준다. The songs which is learned and sang from teacher Ha Kyu-il is passed down by many singers and is classified a lot of various types. However, the music is represented differently according to singers. In this paper, melody, Jangsikum, pronunciation method, lyrics Sigimsae, Malbooim and Sumsari is observed with priority given to 〈WooJo ChooSooDaeYeop> 'DongChangYi', and the results are followngs that. 1. In melody, all of the musics are same. however, the music of Lee Byung-Sung and Jang Sa-Hoon are write down a rough sound by the Yulmyoung, above 32Junggan and are used Yeonumpyo partially. The music of Lee Joo-Hwan, Kim Ki-Soo and Lee Seok-Jae are used a decoration symbol of wind instruments. Finally, the music of Hong Won-Ki and Jang Sa-Hoon are used a decoration symbol which is described string instruments. 2. In pronunciation method, the initial sound is identified while the medial sound and the final sound are different according to the music. 3. Sigimsae is represented differently according to the music. In the music of Lee Byung-Sung, an initial of Yuljabo is expressed detailed, while the music is written down the full particular in the music of Kim Ki-soo. The music of Lee Seok-Jae is concise. The music of Lee Joo-Hwan is written lyrics to songs in detail and the music of Hong Won-Ki is written a score which is given shape to a sound dosing the Yeonumpyo. 4. It demonstrate that Goktae different according to the Malbooim of lyrics. 5. Sumsari is same in all of the music, but the music of kim Ki-Soo is easy to song because breathing mark is attached after the words of 〈hot-n〉, 〈hino〉 and 〈heoma〉.

『이춘기일기』(1961~1990)에 나타난 근대적 일상생활

이복규(Lee, Bok-kyu) 안동대학교 민속학연구소 2019 民俗硏究 Vol.0 No.38

이 연구는 『이춘기일기』(1961~1990)에 나타난 일상생활의 근대적 양상을 살펴본 것이다. 주로 1960년대 초반을 중심으로 일생의례, 교통·통신으로 나누어 고찰한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째. 일생의례의 경우, 혼인례, 상장례 등 일생의례의 양상을 살펴보았다. 혼인례에서, 신부의 집이 아닌 제3의 장소인 교회나 예식장에서 예식을 치르고 있으며, 목사를 주례로 모시고 있는 점은 근대적인 변화다. 하지만 피로연은 신부나 신랑의 집에서 가지고 있어 전통이 지속되고 있다. 상장례에서, 전반적인 절차는 유교식 전통이 유지되고 있지만, 구체적인 내용에서는 기독교적인 변용이 일어나 근대화 양상을 보이고 있다. 교회가 상장례를 주관하는 주체로 참여하고 있는 점, 여성도 명정에서 그 직함과 이름을 밝히고 있는 점, 흉례든 길례든 기본정신만 유지하되 형편에 따라 융통성 있게 대응하는 점 등이 그렇다. 특히 여성의 명정에서 보이는 평등주의는 기존의 가부장적이거나 남녀차별적인 문화를 탈피한 것으로서 주목할 만하다. 둘째, 교통·통신의 경우, 전보, 완행열차, 공동 전화로 나누어 살펴보았다. 고속열차, 휴대폰이 등장한 지금에 비하면 느린 수단들이지만, 도보나 말을 타고 다니거나 인편으로 소식을 전하던 전근대와 비교하면, 발전한 양상이다. 이상의 내용을 총괄해 보면, 『이춘기일기』에 나타난 1960년대 초반, 익산 농촌 지역의 일상생활은 전통의 지속과 변화가 혼재하면서도, 근대적 변모 쪽으로 확실하게 달라져 가고 있었다고 보인다. 일생의례의 경우, 이춘기의 가정은 특히 기독교의 영향 아래 이런 변화가 더욱 촉진되었던 것으로 여겨진다. This study is to review the modern features of daily life appeared in ‘Lee Chunki’s diary’. The reviewed results are on the lifetime rites, transportation, communication, and so on mainly in early 1960s as follows. First in case of lifetime rites, the aspects of marriage, funeral rites, and so on were reviewed. With respect to marriage, the ceremonies were held not in the bride’s houses but in the third places such as churches or wedding halls and inviting ministers as the officiants were the modern changes. However, wedding receptions were held in bride or bridegroom’s house demonstrating the continuation of the tradition. In the funerals, the Confucian tradition was maintained in overall processes, yet, the Christian changes in the detailed contents were occurred demonstrating the modern aspects. They showed that the church participated in funerals as the main body, women revealed their names and titles in the funeral banner, and flexibility was allowed according to the situation though the fundamental mind was maintained regardless of the rites whether they were good of bad. Especially, equalitarianism shown in the women’s funeral banner is worthwhile to pay attention as breaking the discriminating culture between men and women. Second in case of transportation and communication, telegram, local train, and common phone were reviewed. Compared to the present bullet train or cellphone, the are slow tools, however, they were the advanced features compared to the pre-modern period when the news had been distributed by walking, horse-riding, or the person. To sum up the above, it appears that early 1960s on Lee Chunki’s diary, the daily life of Iksan rural areas were clearly changing toward a modern change, while continuing and changing traditions. Lee’s family is believed to have promoted this change, especially under the influence of Christianity.