A Basic Study on Leaf and Stem Production of Angelica acutiloba

Choi,Seong-Kyu,Yun,Kyeong-won,Chon,Sang-Uk,Lee,Jong-Ill,Seo,Young-Nam,Seo,Kyoung-Sun,Choi,Kyeong-Ju 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.3

This study was conducted to develop effective production system in greenhouse for leaves and stems of Angelica acutiloba by using connect pots in 2003 and 2004. Seed germination rate and plant biomass of Angelica acutiloba collected in 2004 were higher than those harvested in 2003. Germination rate of Angelica acutiloba seeds collected in 2003 was 10%, while germination rate of seeds collected in 2004 was above 90%. Especially, plant growth and yield of Angelica acutiloba grown in connect pots sized with 4×4×5cm(length×width×height) were the highest. These results indicate that leaf and stem production of Angelica acutiloba can be improved by using connect pots and optimizing seed collecting time in greenhouse.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

골반 자세 변화에 따른 일어서기의 기능적 연결분석의 접근

최종덕,권오윤,이충휘,김종만,김진경 한국전문물리치료학회 2003 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of three different pelvic tilts on a sit-to-stand (STS) and to suggest a new assessment approach based on biomechanical analysis. The three difrent pelvic tilts were: (1) comfortable pelvic tilt sit-to-stand (CPT STS), (2) posterior pelvic tilt sit-to-stand (PPT STS) and (3) anterior pelvic tilt sit-to-stand (APT STS). To determine the onset time of muscle contraction surface electrodes were applied to the rectus femoris muscle (RF), vastus lateralis muscle (VL), biceps femoris muscle (BF), tibialis anterior muscle (TA), gastrocnemius muscle (GCM), and soleus muscle (SOL). The ICC was used for functional linkage analysis. The findings of this study were as follows. First, significant differences were found in kinematic variables and in muscle activation pattern among the three activities. Second, the results of functional integrated analysis revealed that recruited muscle activation patterns changed when the thigh-off was viewed as a reference point. Third, there were independent functional units between the thigh-off and the VL and between the thigh-off and the RF in the functional linkage analysis. The VL and RF acted as prime mover muscles, and more postural adjustment muscle recruitment was required as the demand of postural muscle control increased (PPT STS, APT STS, and CPT STS in order). In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest the following evaluative and therapeutic approach for STS activity. APT STS can be introduced for movement efficiency and functional advantage when abnormal STS is treated. However, excessive APT would change the muscle activation patterns of BF and SOL and require additional postural muscle control to cause abnormal control patterns.

동맥경화에 의한 하지 허혈증 환자에서 Subintimal Angioplasty의 효과 : 단기 추적 결과를중심으로

윤상섭,허윤정,최승혜,박종경,이성,송경섭 대한혈관외과학회 2003 Vascular Specialist International Vol.19 No.2

학령기 집단따돌림 피해 및 가해아동의 인격성향에 관한 연구 : 한국아동인성검사를 이용하여

최윤정,진혜경,김종원 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2001 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.12 No.1

최근 학교 아동들 사이에 집단따돌림현상이 문제화되고 있다. 학급에서 여러명의 학생이 특정 학생을 놓고 집중적으로 괴롭히고 따돌리는 현상은 비단 따돌림을 당하는 아동뿐만 아니라, 따돌림을 하는 아동들에게도 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이러한 따돌림의 원인은 다양하며 그중 따돌리거나 따돌림을 당하는 아동의 인격적 측면도 중요하리라 생각된다. 따라서 본 연구는 집단 따돌림의 피해군, 가해군, 피해 및 가해군과 무경험군 사이에 인격성향의 차이점이 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 1999년 3월부터 1999년 8월까지 서울에 소재한 초등학교 6학년에 재학중인 아동 215명(남자 115명, 여자 100명)을 대상으로 하였다. 아동과 아동의 보호자에게 집단따돌림의 여부에 관한 설문지를 배부하여 조사하였으며 아동의 보호자에게 한국아동인성 검사(Korean Personality Inventory for Children, 1997)를 실시하여 아동에 관한 자료들을 조사하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS version 통계 처리 프로그램을 사용하였고 각 집단간 차이는 ANOVA, post hoc scheffe test. Student's t-test로 분석하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1)피해군, 가해군, 피해 및 가해군과 무경험군은 각각 11명(5.1%), 56명(26.0%), 11명(5.1%),137명(63.7%)이었다. 2)따돌림피해의 빈도에 있어 1회 15명(7.0%), 2회 4명(1.9%), 3회이상 3명(1.4%)이었다. 또한 따돌림가해빈도는 1회 40명(18.6%), 2회 17명(7.9%), 3회이상 10명(4.7%)이었다. 3)집단따돌림의 피해군, 가해군, 피해 및 가해군과 무경험군에 있어 한국아동인성검사상 결과는 다음과같았다. (1)무경험군에 비하여 피해군은 자아탄력성(p=.00)척도가 유의하게 낮았으며, 과잉행동(p=.00), 정신증척도(p<.01)는 유의하게 높았다. (2)무경험군에 비하여 피해 및 가해군은 자아탄력성척토(p=.00)가 유의하게 낮았고, 신체화(p=.00). 과잉행동척도(p=.00)는 유의하게 높았다. (3)가해군에 비하여 피해군은 사회관계(p=.00), 정신증(p<.01), 자폐증척노(p=.00)가 유의하게 높았다. (4)가해군은 무경험군과 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 이상으로 보아 피해아동은 상황에 따른 적응력이 떨어져 적절히 대응하지 못하며, 대인관계를 잘 갖지 못하고 행동이 부산하거나 충동적인 면이 있어 또래관계에서 소외되고, 정서적으로 불안정, 의사소통의 어려움 및 사회기술이 떨어지고 사회적으로 고립되는 인격성향을 보이며, 이러한 특성은 피해전의 특성일수도 있으나, 피해로 인해 생긴 문제일수도 있을 것으로 생각된다. 피해 및 가해아동도 피해아동처럼 적응력이 떨어져 적절히 대응하지 못하고 행동이 부산하거나 충동적인 면이 있으나 사회적 관계를 맺는 기술의 문제나 정신증적인 특성, 자폐증적인 특성을 보이지 않고, 자신이 피해후 갖게된 분노감, 우울, 불안 등을 신체화시키고, 그러한 느낌에서 벗어나기 위해 다른 친구를 가해하는 것으로 생각된다. 이러한 과정을 통하여 피해아동보다 피해후 발생하는 사회적 위축이나 적응상의 문제가 더 적은 것이다. 또한 가해 아동은 인격성향에 있어서 특이소견이 없었던 바 사회문화적, 교육적 측면에서의 접근이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 중심단어 : 집단 따돌림 ㆍ 인격성향 ㆍ 피해자 ㆍ 가해자. Bullying has recently become a serious social problem in Korean society. Bullying, which is defined as a phenomenon that one particular student is intensively and continuously harassed or ostracized by a group of students, is apt to produce harmful effects on bullies as well as victims. Bullying has many causes including those originated from the personality of victims and bullies. This study is designed to investigate the difference in personality trait between victims, bullies, victims/bullies, and neither. The subjects of this study were 215 (115 male and 100 female) 6th-grade students in the primary school in Seoul. Questionnares were distributed to the students and their carers. The student carers were also asked to answer the questions for a survey called the Korean Personality Inventory for Children (KPI-C). SPSS was used for the statistical analysis of the collected test information ; ANOVA, post hoc scheffe test, and T-test were used to analyze the differences between the tested groups. The result of the study is as follows. 1)The victims, bullies. victims/bullies and neither totaled respectively 11 (5.1%) , 56(26.0%) , 11 (5.1%) and 137(63,7%). 115 were male and 100 were female. 2)The frequency of victimized is as follows : 1 time is 15 (7.0%), 2 times is 4(1.9%) and more than 3 times is 3 (1.4%). The frequency of bullying is as follows ; 1 time is 40(18.6%), 2 times is 17 (7.9%) and more than 3 times is 10 (4.7%). 3)The differences between froups in KPI-C test is as follows. (1)The ESR(p=.00) scale was significantly lower in the victims group than in the neither group and the HPR (p=.00) scale and PSY (p<.01) scale were significantly higher in the former than in the latter. (2)The ESR (p=.00) scale was significantly lower in the victims/bullies group than in the neither group and the SOM (p=.00) scale and HPR (p=.00) scale were significantly higher in the formaer than in the latter. (3)The SOC (p=.00) scale, PSY (p<.01) scale and AUT (p=.00) scale were significantly higher in the victims group than in the bullies group. (4)There is statistically no difference between the bullies group and the neither group. To conclusion, Victims need to learn how to cope with harsh situations, or they will have to face difficulties in relationships. Even after they experience bullying, they may not realize why they have been bullied, or speak out for themselves. KEY WORDS : Bullying ㆍ Personality trait ㆍ Victims ㆍ Bullies.

FCL(5-FU, Carboplatin, Leucovorin) 항암 화학요법에서 Gm-CSF의 효과

최지영,김현수,김종숙,박상준,윤환중,조덕연,남상륜,김삼용 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1998 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.2 No.1

Background: One of the major side effects of cancer chemotherapy is myelosuppression. Neutropenia and/or thrombocytopenia are dose-limiting factors in chemotherapy. Colony-stimulating factor induces proliferation and functional maturation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. GM-CSF is primarily active on progenitor cells of granulocytic and monocytic lineage. Methods: Fifteen patients with histologically proven malignancy diagnosed at Chungnam National University Hospital from January 1993 to August 1995 were included in this study. We could evaluate the clinical efficacy of GM-CSF in 13 patients undergoing FCL(5-FU, Carboplatin and Leucovorin) chemotherapy; the first cycles involved no GM-CSF while the second cycles involved GM-CSF on day 6 through 15 of chemotherapy. Results: 1) The subjects were fifteen patients in all, there were five patients with head and neck cancer, which was the most common types of maligancy. There were four patients with colon cancer, two patients with stomach cancer, and one patient with breast cancer, gallbladder cancer, cervix cancer and cholangiocarcinoma respectively, two patients, who did not complete two cycles of chemotherapy were excluded. 2) Age distribution was from 38 years to 78 years with a median age of 57. 3) In FCL chemotherapy cycles with GM-CSF, the duration of neutropenia(<500/μL) was 0.5±0.3 day, while FCL chemotherapy cycles without GM-CSF, it was 2.9±0.7 day(P=0.008). 3) There was no significant difference in platelet count between the two chemotherapy cycles(P=0.133). 4) Febrile duration without GM-CSF was 4.9±2.1 day, but with GM-CSF the duration was 1.3±0.7 day, which was significantly different(P=0.003). The duration of antibiotics use with GM-CSF was 1.7±1.2 day and without GM-CSF was 6.8±3.2 day, also significantly different(P=0.002). But hospital stay between the two cycles were not significantly different(P=0.064). Conclusion: GM-CSF was effective in preventing or restoring bone marrow depression after FCL chemotherapy.

인지/감정 혼합광고평가에 대한 사전지식과 관여도의 조절적 역할

최낙환,김종호,황윤용 조선대학교 경영경제연구소 2002 經營經濟硏究 = Management and economics research Vol.25 No.1

지연유합과 불유합에서 저신호 강도 초음파의 유용성

윤여헌,김종오,고영도,유재두,정준모,오종건,방한천,최창호,신명철 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.1

목 적 : 저 신호 강도 초음파를 이용한 지연유합과 불유합의 치료에 대한 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2001년 7월부터 2002년 5월까지 본원에 내원한 지연유합 7례와 불유합 8례를 대상으로 5개월간 저 신호 강도 초음파로 치료하여 5개월후 골유합 여부를 알아 보았다. 결 과 : 총 15례 중 대퇴골 간부 2례, 경골 간부 1례, 상완골 간부 1례, 요골 1례의 지연유합에서 골유합을 얻었고 대퇴골 간부 불유합 3례에서 유합을 얻었다. 지연주합은 71%의 유합율을, 불유합은 37.5%의 유합율을 보였다. 결 론 : 저 신호 강도 초음파는 골유합을 촉진 시킬 수 있으며 지연유합에서 시도해 볼 만 하나 불유합 치료를 위해서는 보다 많은 연구가 필요 하다. Purpose : To evaluation of usefulness of low-intensity ultrasound for nonunion and delayed union. Materials and Methods : For 5 months, we treated 7 delayed union and 8 nonunion using low-intensity ultrasound. After 5 months, in checked X-ray AP and Lateral view, when cortical bridge formation was done, we through union. Results : In 7 delayed union, 5 cases-2 femur, tibia, humerus, radius were healed. In 8 nonunion, 3 femur nonunion were healed. Union rate was 71% in delayed union 37.5% in nonunion. Conclusion : we thought that the low-intensity ultrasound has capacity of induction of union and was considered as the method of treatment for delayed union.

재이식 가능한 32비트 테스크 코어 설계

윤영상,최종화,김용대,한선경,유영갑 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2004 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.12 No.1

본 논문에서 제시한 32비트 테스트 코어는 기존의 ARM과 같은 32비트 RISC 코어를 대신하여 JTAG 및 코어브레이커의 회로 테스트를 위하여 고안되었다. 테스트 코어는 디버깅유닛을 바꾸어가며 재이식(retargetable) 가능하게 사용될 수 있다는 장점을 갖는다. 회로 합성 결과 하드웨어는 ARM과 비교하여 33% 정도의 게이트를 가진다. 테스트 코어는 보다 높은 디버깅 성능을 위해 다중로드(multiple load; LDMA)와 다중저장(multiple store; STMA)명령을 추가하였으며 단일로드(single load; LDR) 또는 단일저장(single store; STR)명령들에 비해 64% 정도의 처리시간 단축을 나타내었다. A 32bit RISC type core is designed to replace full processors for testing JTAG and core breaker modules. It is retargetable and can be utilized to test a debugging unit. The design uses about 33% of gates with respect to a fully designed ARM7. It has instructions, multiple load or store(LDMA, STMA), for debugging purposes. Simulation result shows that they reduce the execution time about 64% with respect to processors having a single load or store(LDR, STR) instruction.

미스트 분무 및 스프링클러 관수가 단동 플라스틱 하우스에 미치는 냉각효과

강정윤,최동호,임홍성,허종철 제주대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.11 No.2

As crops recently can be cultivated all the year in greenhouses, we need to improve the environment in which crops are able to grow in the summer. Therefore, in this study, we quantitatively got the cooling effects of 4 single span plastic greenhouses in the following ways : by spraying mist or sprinkler, or by opening the side window. and with those variables, we simultaneously did experiments at 4 greenhouses under equivalent conditions to reduce the temperature of the greenhouses in the summer. The results of the experiments are as following : 1) The temperatures of the greenhouses were effectively reduced by both spraying mist and sprinkler. 2) When the mist is intermittently sprayed. the indoor temperature has decreased by 4 degrees centigrade, meanwhile, in the greenhouse to make experiments using sprinkler, the temperature of that has been reduced by 2 degrees centigrade. Therefore, we can see the cooling effects of smaller mist in size as more effective than those of sprinkler. 3) When the greenhouse is naturally ventilated by opening the side window, we have to apply another cooling system because the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor one.