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우리나라 노인여성의 골다공증성 척추골절로 인한 경제적 부담 추계
강혜영,강대룡,장영화,박성은,최원정,문성환,양규현,Kang, Hye-Young,Kang, Dae-Ryong,Jang, Young-Hwa,Park, Sung-Eun,Choi, Won-Jung,Moon, Seong-Hwan,Yang, Kyu-Hyun 대한예방의학회 2008 예방의학회지 Vol.41 No.5
Objectives : To estimate the economic burden of osteoporotic vertebral fracture (VF) from a societal perspective. Methods : From 2002 to 2004, we identified all National Health Insurance claims records for women ${\geq}50$ years old with a diagnosis of VF. The first 6-months was defined as a "clearance period," such that patients were considered as incident cases if their first claim of fracture was recorded after June 30, 2002. We only included patients with ${\geq}$ one claim of a diagnosis of, or prescription for, osteoporosis over 3 years. For each patient, we cumulated the claims amount for the first visit and for the follow-up treatments for 1 year. The hospital charge data from 4 hospitals were investigated to measure the proportion of the non-covered services. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 106 patients from the 4 study sites to measure the out-of-pocket spending outside of hospitals. Results : During 2.5 years, 131,453 VF patients were identified. The patients had an average of 3.38 visits, 0.40 admissions and 6.36 inpatient days. The per capita cost was 1,909,690 Won: 71.5% for direct medical costs, 20.6% for direct non-medical costs and 7.9% for indirect costs. The per capita cost increased with increasing age: 1,848,078 Won for those aged 50-64, 2,084,846 Won for 65-74, 2,129,530 Won for 75-84and 2,121,492 Won for those above 84. Conclusions : Exploring the economic burden of osteoporotic VF is expected to motivate to adopt effective treatment options for osteoporosis in order to prevent the incidence of fracture and the consequent costs.
최장선,송재석,원종욱,강종두,차봉석,노재훈 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.2
The number of workers with noise induced hearing loss which comprise 56.9% in the total number of workers with work-related diseases in Korea of 1994, are becoming in position of the most serious problem. Periodic health examination system which was introduced for health care of workers on hazardous workplace has played important role in health care and the prevention of work-related diseases. The goal of periodic health examination may be obtained when we not only discover occupational disease, but also control them effectively. To study the post-examination health status of workers with noise induced hearing loss diagnosed from 1991 to 1994 in the periodic health examination, all 154 workers in 102 manufacturing factories in Banwol and Siwha industrial complex were reviewed. 1. Among 154 workers, 87 workers(56.5%) were changed to different department, 67 workers(43.5%) remained in the same department. 2. Among 102 workplaces, only 23 workplaces(22.9%) had changed their working environment while 79 workplaces(77.1%) did not. 3. In this study, post-examination health care of the workers diagnosed as noise induced hearing loss had significant correlated with the presence of health care manager, Industrial Health and Safety Committee in workplace and size of industry. The improvement of working environment is also closely related with the presence of health care manager in workplace. 4. Among 154 respondents, 3 workers(1.9%) had received compensation while 151 workers(98.1%) did not. 5. The reasons for not requesting the compensation were that 117 workers(77.5%) were ignorant of the administrative procedure for compensation, 30 workers(19.9%) were not sure of receiving compensation, 4 workers(2.6%) were busy. Considering the result of this study, we must establish the guide of management or contents of post management for noise induced hearing loss. To prevent the noise induced hearing loss, and protect the workers with noise induced hearing loss, education about post management is much required for employer and employee.
최미혜,김경희,김귀옥,김기숙,김수강,김정신,김춘숙,노흥진,박지연,성혜연,오명선,이선희,이원옥,이윤영,이현수,장명재,차혜경,채정선,홍상희 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.1
This study was designed to exam the aged's needs for spiritual nursing care. The purpose was to serve as a basis for the development of spiritual nursing practice. The major findings are as follows : 1. The degree of needs for spiritual nursing care as area was that needs of love and relationship mean 22.0, needs of meaning and object mean 28.2, needs of forgiving mean 13.5. Total needs for spiritual nursing care mean 63.7, which was on the upper middle level. The needs of meaning and object was rated highest. 2. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of love and relatiohship wasn't significanlty different. 3. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of meaning and object was significantly different according to two factors : age(F=7.260, p=0.001), religion(F=5.275, p=0.001). Higher needs of meaning and object was possessed by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other. 4. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, four factors made a significantly difference to needs of forgiving : sex(t=-2.851, p=0.006), age(F=8.201, p=0.001), religion(F=6.928, p=0.000), disease(t=2.327, p=0.024). Higher needs of forgiving was possessed by man than woman, by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other, by the one who have disease than the other.
18세기 말 전라도 수군전법 변화의 특성 : 전라우수영『전지도첩』과 전라좌수영『수조홀』을 중심으로
장원주,최형주 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 2011 武道硏究所誌 Vol.22 No.1
이 연구는 18세기 말에서 19세기 초에 작성된 전라도수군의 군사훈련과 관련된 2종의 자료를 중심으로 18세기 말 전라도 수군전법 변화의 특성을 살펴보기 위해 작성되었다. 당시 수군제도의 전략적 재편과 수군전법의 전술적 보완이 요구되고 이에 따라 변화하던 수군편제를 살펴볼 수 있는 것 중 하나가 바로 수조다. 임진왜란 이후 중국의 수군전법을 받아들여『兵學指南』의 수조를 정비한 조선은 18세기에 이를 더욱 보완해 『兵學通』수조의 완성을 보았고, 이 시기를 전후하여 각 지역의 일선 수군지휘관들에 의해 수조홀기류 문서들이 작성되기 시작하였다. 이 자료들 중 전라도의 수군전법을 보여주는 것이 전라좌수영『水操笏』과 전라우수영『戰陣圖帖』이다. 전라우수영『戰陣圖帖』에는 총 12가지의 진도가 수록되어 있다. 이 진도들은 1780년 이전의 7개 진도와 이후의 5개 진도로 나눌 수 있다. 두 부류의 진도에 나타나는 전라우수영의 진관 편제는 확연히 다르며, 진형 역시 그 성격이 크게 달라 18세기말 전라우수영 전법의 변화를 뚜렷이 살펴볼 수 있게 해준다. 1830년대에 작성된 것으로 추정되는 전라좌수영『水操笏』은 총 8부분으로 나뉘어져 있다. 수군군사훈련의 핵심내용을 담고 있는 첫 번째「水操笏」과 두 번째의「夜操笏」은『兵學通』의 수조절차를 대부분 요약하면서도 절차와 의례에 중점을 두고 있었다. 즉『水操笏』은『兵學指南』과『兵學通』의 형식과 절차를 그대로 따르면서도 조선적인 특색을 띄고 있다 할 수 있겠다.
최원형,박민수,허호장 경성대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.10 No.1
지시약 Bromo Cresol Green(BCG) 용액을 시료 용액에 첨가하고 지시약의 염기성 최대 흡수 파장과 등흡광점에서 이 시료액의 흡광도를 측정하였다. 이들 측정한 흡광도로부터 용액의 pH를 계산하였다. 등흡광점에서 흡광도의 범위를 0.1내지 0.17로 유지하고 시료 용액의 pH가 pK₁±1내에서, pH측정 오차는 ±0.07pH 단위 이내이었다. The Bromo cresol Green (BCG) stock solution was added to Sample solution and the absorbance of this solution was measured at the maximum absorption wavelength of basic form and the isosbertic point of the indicator. From these measurements of absorbance, the pH of this solution was calculated. The range of absorbance at the isobestic point was maintained with in 0.1∼0.17. The errorof pH measurement was within ±0.07pH unit in the pH range sample solution of pK₁±1
30% Minocycline 국소 약물송달제제의 생체내, 외방출역학, 세포독성 및 세포활성도 측정
최현순,이상철,김강주,장원규,정서영,정종평 대한구강생물학회 1992 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.16 No.1
Present study was performed to examine in vitro and in vivo release kinetics, cell cytotoxicity and cellular growth survival of local 30% Minocycline delivery. The purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of clinical use of 30% Minocycline load polycaprolactone film(Mino-Strip). The size of Mino-strip is 6.5㎜×2.5㎜×0.3㎜, Mwt: 5.7㎎). In vitro releasing test, each film showed a large initial burst effect within first one and two hours and more than 84% of Minocycline was releasing test, each film showed a large burst effect within first two and three hours. A steady state kinetics was observed for 8 days both in vivo and in vitro releasing test. In cytotoxicity test, there was no significant cytotoxic effect in Mino-strip to human gingival fibroblast. In cellular growth survival test, there was no significant cellular growth survival effect in Mino-strip to human gingival fibroblast.