Algal bioassay 에 의한 조류생장 제한영양염류 결정

오희목(Hee Mock Oh),이석준(Seog June Lee),김성빈(Seong Bin Kim),박미경(Mi Kyung Park),윤병대(Byung Dae Yoon),김도한(Do Han Kim) 한국하천호수학회 1998 생태와 환경 Vol.31 No.2

Determination of Limiting Nutrient for Algal Growth by Algal Bioassay. Oh, Hee-Mock, Seog June Lee, Seong-Bin Kim, Mi- Kyung Park, Byung-Dae Yoon and Do-Han Kim (Environmental Microbiology Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Taejon 305-333, Korea and Water Resources Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, Taejon 305-390, Korea) Water quaiity and algal growth potential (AGP) using Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated from April to September 1997 in Daechung Reservoir. Secchi disk transparency was 1.1 m in August. Chlorophyll-a concentrations were higher than 10㎍/l at all samples. Total phosphorus concentration was in a range of 0.020∼0.027mg/l which is at the approximate value of 0.03 mg/l, the general critical level of eutrophication. These results indicate that Daechung Reservoir is in an eutrophic state except some temporary times and restricted sites. Phosphorus uptake rate of M. aeruginosa was higher in the water from the epilimnion than in the hypolimnion and also higher under light condition than under dark condition. Therefore, phosphorus uptake rate appears to depend on cellular phosphorous content and light condition, a meaning of endergonic process. Phosphorus was the most frequently limiting nutrient: phosphorus was limiting algal gowth in April and May, nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements were the limiting factors for algae in August, and trace elements in September. If a fast growing alga, M, aeruginosa, is used as a test organism for assaying AGP, in vivo fluorescence instead of dry weight can be measured for algal biomass and incubation period can be reduced from traditional 14 days to 7 days.

팔당호의 생태학적 수질환경의 변화와 미생물 분포

허성남,민경희,유재근,최순영 숙명여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1999 자연과학논문집 Vol.- No.10

팔당호의 생태학적 환경요인의 계절적인 변화를 분석하므로서 이것으로 인한 식물성 플랑크톤의 연관성을 고찰과 함께 오염과정을 파악하여 수질오염의 예방의 기초자료를 얻고자 본 실험을 수행하였다. 1994년 4월부터 1995년 10월까지 계절별로 3개 지점에서 시료를 채취하여 표층부와 저층부의 수질을 분석하였다 용존산소(DO)와 pH는 각각 7.0-11.6 ㎎/ℓ와 6.9-8.9의 범위이었으며 COD와 BOD농도는 각각 1.6-4.8 ㎎/ℓ와 0.8-2.9 ㎎/ℓ이었으며,SS는 1.8-8.6 ㎎/ℓ의 농도차를 보여 주었다. 또한 NH₃-N와 PO₄-P의 농도는 각각 0.161-0.478 ㎎/ℓ와 0.003-0.073 ㎎/ℓ이었다. 표층의 chlorophyll a의 농도는 낮게는 북한강 유입부위인 12.3 ㎎/ℓ로부터 가장 높은 경안천 유입부위 23.8 ㎎/ℓ의 범위를 보여주고 있다. pH,전도도, COD, BOD, SS ,총인, chlorophyll a의 농도는 하계절에 가장 높았으며 이 결과로 미루어 보아 하계절에는 하천에 오염물질이 가장 많이 유입되는 것으로 추정된다. Station별로 조사한 결과 이들의 농도는 경안천 하류인 St. 3가 남한강 하류인 St. 2이나 댐지역의 St. 4보다 높은 결과를 보여 주었으므로 경안천 상류에서 오염원이 가장 많이 유입되는 것으로 추정된다. 아울러 종속영양세균의 분포도 경안천이 다른 지역보다 가장 높게 나타났다. Seasonal variation of water quality was examined in the reservoir, lake Paldang on Han River, the inlet stations from three rivers, North Han River, South Han liver, Kyung-An stream, and the station of dam area of the lake. Water samples were collected bimonthly from surface and bottom layers at four different stations of the lake Paldang from April 1993 to August 1994. With respect to the seasonal variation, pH, conductivity, and concentrations of COD, BOD, SS, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll a were higher in summer compared with those of autumn or other seasons, while concentrations of DO, NH₃-N, and PO₄-P were increased in winter. Concentrations of COD, BOD, chlorophyll a, total nitrogen and phosphorus were the highest at the station of Kyung-An stream rather than those of other three stations. The average concentrations of chlorophyll a surface water were from 12.3 ㎎/ℓ at North Han River to 23.8 ㎎/ℓ at Kyung-An stream. Heterotrophic bacterial distribution showed higher at the station of Kyung-An steam than those of South Han River and the dam station of the lake.

한열변증에 따른 중풍 환자의 제반특성 비교

김민경,이인환,신애숙,김나희,김혜미,심소라,나병조,조승연,박성욱,정우상,문상관,박정미,고창남,조기호,김영석,배형섭,Kim, Min-kyung,Lee, ln-whan,Shin, Ae-sook,Kim, Na-hee,Kim, Hye-mi,Shim, So-ra,Na, Byung-Jo,Cho, Seung-yeon,Park, Seong-uk,Jung, Woo Sang 대한중풍순환신경학회 2010 대한중풍.순환신경학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Object : This study was conducted as part of the national project to standardize stroke diagnosis in Korean medicine. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the characteristics of acute stroke between heat pattern group and cold pattern group. Methods : We recruited stroke patients from 5 universities(Kyung-Hee University oriental medical center, Kyung-Hee University East-West Neo medical center, Kyungwon university lncheon oriental medical center, Kyungwon university Songpa oriental medical center and DongGuk university llsan oriental medical center) from April, 2007 until February, 2010. We diagnosed them and selected 463 heat pattern patients and 182 cold pattern patients. Results : We find that the risk factor of smoking, alcohol, diet(prefer to meat) are more associated with the heat pattern group. On the other hand, inflammation history in recent 3 months and diet(prefer to sea food) are more associated with the cold pattern group. RBC, Hg, Hct, TG, CK and Cl are more related to the heat pattern group. CPT, total cholesterol and HDL are more related to the cold pattern group. Tae-eum type takes high distribution of the heat pattern group, and So-eum type takes high distribution of the cold pattern group. Conclusions : This study provides evidence that the heat pattern group have more risk factor than the cold pattern group.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae 분리균의 항생제 내성 양상 분석

성원근,정경태,길준영,김석하,오희복 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.5

Background : The aim of this study was to monitor trends in antimicrobial susceptibilities of Nesseria gonorrhoeae isolates, in particular, to examine the possibility of increasing prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance in Korea and the relationship between patterns of mutations involving gyrA and parC genes and the ciprofloxacin resistance level. Methods : The antimicrobial susceptibilities of 489 gonoccocal isolates which were nationwide collected from patients visiting Health Centers were determined by NCCLS disk diffusion and agar plate dilution methods. PCR and direct DNA sequencing of the amplicons were performed to identify mutations within the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA and parC genes. Results : The proportion of resistance to penicillin, tetracycline, or both remained as high as 94%. The isolates with ciprofloxacin resistance remarkably increased from 1% in 1999 to 5% in 2000 and also resistance to cefoxitine and ceftriaxone were shown to be increased. The strains resistant to spectinomycin was little reported. Four isolates with 16 ㎍/mL of MIC for ciprofloxacin all showed the same alternations of Ser-91 to Phe, Asp-95 to Gly in GyrA and Ser-87 to Arg in ParC, but ciprofloxacin-susceptible strains have little amino acid substitution. Conclusion : Considering the increasing prevalence of isolates with resistance to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, it is likely that the antibiotics such as spectinomycin, or ceftriaxone are recommended as the first-line treatment for gonoccocal infections in Korea. The results from this study suggest that mutation analysis for quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA and parC genes are important in epidemiological studies for the spread of ciprofloxacin resistant strains.(Korean J Infect Dis 33:338∼345, 2001)

환기정도에 따른 수술실용 신발 종류가 수술실 오염에 미치는 영향 : How to Choose Suitable Shoes?

남경동,정혜선,박영신,원진희,주미자,성화신,이지혜,이병희,조경숙,배재춘 한국의료QA학회 2000 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Background : Various types of protective footwear have been used to minimize bacterial contamination in operating rooms. In recent years, debate has arisen concerning the need for use of such protective footwear. This study was designed to provide useful data about choosing shoes most suitable for the surgical environment. Methods : Between November, 1999 and January, 2000, we performed this experimental study by comparing effect of three types of shoes (i.e., disposable shoescover, operating room-restricted shoes, and ordinary shoes) on bacterial contamination of operating rooms equipped with two different ventilation systems (i.e., high air-change, low air-change) respectively. Data were collected during two-hour sham operations in which subjects and their activities were strictly standardized. Bacterial flora were sampled from the study area floor and air colony-counts were measured. Results : In experiments involving high air-change ventilation system, there was a significant difference of floor contamination between three types of shoes, but no difference of air contamination. Under low air-change system, there was a significant difference of both floor and air contamination between three types of shoes. Conclusion : The results show that protective footwear would be unnecessary in the operating room with high air-change ventilation system, but it is important to choose suitable shoes carefully under low air-change system. Therefore, the use of outdoor shoes can be considered under high air-change system, but it would seem sensible to apply their first use in less bloody operations at the day surgery center or out-patient department to prevent transfer of body fluid into the outside environment.

졸-겔법으로 합성된 폴리이미드/실리카 복합체의 환경적 물성에 관한 연구

박성수,홍성수,이성환,김성완,박재현,김지경,박희찬 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Two types of polyimide/silica composite films were prepared using sol-gel method through hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethoxsilane(TEOS) with the polyamic acid(PAA) and end-capped PAA solution. Sample were characterized by the means of differential thermogravimetry, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, universal test, impedance analyzer, chemical resistance test, etc. All of the PAA/silanol solutions heat-treated at 300℃ for 6h were transformed to polyimide/silica composites. It has been demonstrated that the properties of polyimide/silica composites were affected by the amount of silica addition and the bond type existed between polyimide and silica.

웹기반 가상수업에 대한 대학생의 이미지 요인과 학생 변인별 이미지 차이 분석

최호성,박경희 한국교육정보방송학회 2001 교육정보미디어연구 Vol.7 No.2

정보통신공학의 발달은 전 세계, 전 영역에 걸쳐 많은 변화를 가져오고 있고, 교육에 있어서도 교수-학습의 과정과 방법 등에 많은 영향을 미치고 있다. 최근 들어 국내·외 대학 교육에서도 이러한 최첨단 정보통신기술을 기반으로 한 웹 기반 수업과 그 효과에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있으며, 특히 대학교육에서 이러한 정보통신기술을 이용한 수업이 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 대학에서 이루어지고 있는 가상수업 체제에 대해 학습 주체인 대학생들이 어떠한 이미지를 지니고 있는 지에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 이를 위해서, Osgood의 의미 변별법(Semantic Differential Method)을 이용하여 이미지 조사 척도를 개발하였고, 그에 따른 대학생들의 전반적 이미지와 학생변인별 이미지 차이를 분석, 논의하였다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the students' images on cyber classes in university. In order to achieve this purpose, a questionnaire with 20 adjective-pair type items related to the images of cyber classes using Osgood's semantic differential methods was constructed and implemented to 685 university students(male 226, female 459; college of liberal arts 313, college of science 370; studied 237, unstudied 448). For the statistical analysis of students' responses, t-test and Factor Analysis in SPSSWIN program were done. The major findings were as follows: First, students had positive images on cyber classes in terms of 'convenient', 'opened', 'professional' aspects, on the other hand, they expressed negative images in that the cyber class has 'nonhuman' and 'individual' aspects. Second, as a result of examining the difference of image by gender, there were a statistically significant difference between male and female in 7 items among 20 items, and females expressed more positive images than males. Those are 'systematic-unsystematic', 'flexible-inflexible', 'able-unable' 'rational-irrational', 'professional-nonprofessional', 'human-nonhuman', and 'future-oriented - past-oriented'. Third, as a result of examining the difference of image by major track, it was found that there were a statistically significant difference between students in the college of liberal arts and students in the college of science in 5 items. Those are 'systematic-unsystematic', 'rational-irrational', 'able-unable', 'higher order level-lower order level' and 'effective-ineffective' images on the cyber class. Fourth, as a result of examining the difference of image by whether already experienced the cyber class or not, there were a statistically significant difference between experienced students and unexperienced students in 4 items, and experienced students had expressed 'positive' and 'participant' images on cyber class. Those are 'higher order level-lower order level', 'future-oriented - past-oriented' aspects of cyber class.

미립자 응집반응을 이용한 C-reactive Protein의 면역측정법에 관한 연구

최용경,정태화,최명자,김재화,최인성,김용호,송은영,이희구 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1996 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.2 No.1

환자의 복수와 늑막액으로부터 p-diazonium phenylphosphorylcholine(DPPC) coupled Separose-4B affinity chromatography와 hydroxylapatite chromatography를 실시하여 C-reactive protein (CRP)를 분리, 정제하였다. 정제된 CRP를 토끼에게 면역화하여 항혈청을 얻고 affinity chromatography를 하여 면역항체(IgG)를 분리하였다. 분리된 면역항체를 미립자에 감작시킨 후 미립자 응집반응에 의하여 3분내에 CRP를 측정할 수 있는 간이 면역측정법을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 CRP측정법의 검출범위는 0.5∼20㎎/㎗이며, 임상 시험 결과 0.7∼2.9㎎/㎗에서는 강한 응집반응을, 5.0∼13.2㎎/㎗에서는 약한 응집반응을 보였고 28㎎/㎗이상에서는 항원 과잉으로 인한(zone of Ag excess phenomenon) 위음성을 나타냈다. 74명의 환자 혈청을 대상으로 CRP의 농도를 조사한 결과 평균치는 3.8㎎/㎗이었으며 대부분의 환자에서는 10㎎/㎗ 이하의 농도로 존재하였다. 그러므로 1차판정시 음성을 나타낸 시료라도 혈청을 5∼10배정도 희석하여 재분석한다면 오차없이 CRP를 검출할 수 있었다. 환자 혈청을 검체로 하여 본 연구에서 개발한 면역측정법과 현재 수입 시판중인 프랑스의 B사 제품과 일본의 I사 제품을 비교한 결과 좋은 상관관계를 보였다. 이와 같은 평가 분석을 통하여 볼 때 본 연구에서 개발한 간이 면역측정법은 사용이 비교적 간편하며 신빙성이 있어 CRP를 스크리닝 하는데 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. The C-reactive protein(CRP) from ascitic and pleural fluid was purified using calcium dependent affinity chromatography of CNBr activated Sepharose-4B covalently coupled to p-diazonium phenylphosphorylcholine(DPPC) and hydroxylapitite chromatography. Polyclonal antibody was prepared from rabbit by immunizing the purified CRP. Specific immunoglobulin G was isolated using affinity chromatography and coupled to microparticles. A sensitive microparticle-based immunoassay was developed to measure CRP within 3 mins. The detection range was between 0.5㎎/㎗ and 20㎎/㎗ in serum, showing strong response in the range of 0.7∼2.9㎎/㎗, week response in 5.0∼13.2㎎/㎗ and zone phenomenon over 28㎎/㎗. The average value of CRP in 74 samples was 3.8㎎/㎗ and most of the values were lower than 10㎎/㎗. The CRP values of serum samples were determined by our microparticle-based immunoassay, and were compared with those obtained using the other commercial products(B Co., France and I Co., Japan). Good correlations were shown between the values obtained by our developed microparticle-based immunoassay system and those by other commercial products. All performance characteristics evaluated make our developed microparticles-based immunoassay suitable for a simple, rapid, and reliable screening of CRP in serum.

Rhizobium 렉틴의 분리ㆍ정제 및 특성 연구

전경희,정시련,이인경,고성진 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1993 基礎科學硏究 Vol.13 No.-

Table 1. Specificity of Rhizobium sp. crude lectin in agglutinating erythrocytes from various animals (그림) [HU]: hemagglutinatin unit Table 2. Specificity of intracellular crude lectin from Rhizobium sp. in agglutinating of erythrocytes from various animals (그림) [HU]: hemagglutinatin unit Table 3. Hemagglutination of intracellular crude lectin from Rhizobium sp. in culture age (그림) ※[HU]: hemagglutinatin unit (그래프) Fig.6 Stability of Rhizobium japonicum iectin activity at different pH. Rhizobium japonicum crude lectin was incubated in buffers at different pH(2.18-10.80) for 24hr at 4℃ and the remaining activity was determined. Table 4. Effect of mental ions and chelating agent in hemagglutinating activity for Rhizobium sp. crude lectin (그림) *Chelating agent (그래프) Flg.7 Stability of Rhizobium japonicum iectin activity at different temperature. Rhizobium japonicum was incubated for 30min. After immediate cooling in an ice-water bath, the remaining activity was determined. 조사한 결과 3일째 부터 약한 활성을 나타냈으며, 6일째에 32HU로 최대의 활성을 나타내었다. 배지로 분비된 렉틴은 사람 적혈구와 토끼 적혈구에서 응집현상을 나타내었으며 trypsin처리후 토끼와 DEAE 0.2M 분획에서 하나의 major band와 minor band가 나타났으며, Rhizobium sp. 렉틴의 활성은 pH 7-9범위에서 안정한 것으로 나타났으며, 또한 온도의 영향은 50℃이하에서 안정하였다. 적혈구 응집 저해 효과는 25mM galactose에서 최대로 나타났다. 세포내 결합형 렉틴을 배양시기(1, 2, 4, 6일)에 따라 전기 영동 시험을 실시한 결과 동일한 band pattern과 렉틴 활성을 나타냈으므로, 세포내 결합형 렉틴은 배양 시기 별로 차이가 없음을 알 수 있었다. Table 5. The comparison of protein and carbohydrate contents in Rhizobium sp. crude lectin (그림) a : YMA broth media b : Cell was ruptured by sonication. Crude lectins were partially purified from Rhizobium sp. by salt fractionation and ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50. Hemagglutination of extracts from culture of Rhizobium sp. with age showed remarkable activity in 6 days. With purified lectin several biochemical properties have been characterized: Rhizobium sp. lectin agglutinated nonspecifically erythrocytes of human and several animals. In SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Rhizobium sp. lectin (0.2M fraction of DEAE Sephadex A-50) showed one major and one minor bands. Crude lectin from Rhizobium sp. was relatively stable at the range fo pH 7-9 and temperature below 50℃. In sugar inhibition test, this lectin was inhibited by only galactose at final concentration of 25mM. Meanwhile, intracellular crude lectin from Rhizobium sp. with culture age showed same band patterns by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Berberinephenolbetaine 유도체 합성

정경희,황순호,임형엽,우성주,김신규 한국분자생물학회 1994 분자생물학뉴스 Vol.22 No.-