분사법에 의한 탄산칼슘 제조

신보철,한상오,김주호,송지훈,송근호,이광래 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 2001 석재연 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구는 탄산가스화법에 의한 탄산칼슘 입자 제조 공정에 있어서, 탄산가스로 채워진 반응기에 수산화칼슘 슬러리를 분사하는 방법으로 탄산칼슘 입자를 제조하였다. 수산화 칼슘의 농도(0.25~1.0wt%), 분사압력(0.5kgf /㎠~1.5kgf /㎠) 및 반응기 온도(20℃, 28℃)의 변화에 따른 생성된 탄산칼슘을 관찰하였다. 수산화 칼슘의 농도가 비교적 높으면(0.75wt%, 1.0wt%), 생성물의 pH와 전도도는 높게 나타났다. 분사압력에 의한 탄산칼슘 제조의 변화는 분사압력이 높아질수록(1.5kgf /㎠), pH와 전도도는 높게 측정되었다. 그러나, 수산화 칼슘의 농도와 분사압력의 변화가 탄산칼슘의 입자크기, 형태, 결정구조에 영향을 미치지는 않았다. 반응기의 온도가 28℃에서 생성된 탄산칼슘은 1.0㎛이하의 칼사이트 상 입자가 제조되었으며, 20℃에서 생성된 탄산칼슘은 0.5㎛이하의 칼사이트 상 입자가 제조되었다. 반응기의 온도가 낮아질수록 탄산칼슘 입자의 크기가 작아짐을 알 수 있었다. For the preparation of calcium carbonate particles from aqueous Ca(OH)2 slurry, carbonation reaction of aqueous Ca(OH)2 slurry was carried out by spouting the aqueous slurry of Ca(OH)2 into reactor filled with CO2 gas. The concentration of Ca(OH)2 varies from 0.25wt% to 1.0wt%, nozzle pressure from 0.5kgf /㎠ to 1.5kgf /㎠, and reactor temperature were set at 20℃ and 28℃. With relatively high concentration of 0.75wt% and 1.0wt% of Ca(OH)2, pH and conductivity of product-stream were observed high value. High pH and conductivity were observed at high nozzle pressure of 1.5kgf /㎠. The concentration of Ca(OH)2 and nozzle pressure, however, did not change the particle size and shape of calcium carbonate synthesized by carbonation reaction. The reaction temperature affected particle size. At reactor temperatures of 28℃ and 20℃, the particle sizes were about 1.0㎛ and 0.5㎛, respectively. Crystal structure of calcium calcium carbonate was of calcite. When reactor temperature was lower, the size of calcium carbonate particle was smaller.

회분식 반응기에서의 공정변수 변화에 의한 침강성 탄산칼슘 제조

신보철,한상오,김주호,송지훈,송근호,이광래 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.21 No.B

For the preparation of calcium carbonate particles from aqueous Ca(OH)2 slurry, carbonation reaction of aqueous Ca(OH)2 slurry was carried out by batch method the CO2 into reactor filled with aqueous slurry of Ca(OH)2. The concentration of Ca(OH)2 varies from 1.00 to 7.00wt%, reactor temperature at 20 and 40℃, and reactor pressure from atmospheric pressure to 6.0kgf/cm2. Crystal structure of calcium carbonate was of calcite, the particle size were about 0.05 ∼2.0㎛, and the particle shape was cubic and spindle. When reactor temperature was higher, particle size of calcium carbonate was bigger and particle share was varied, but reaction rate was increased. When reactor pressure was higher, particle size of calcium carbonate was smaller, particle shape was cubic, and reaction ramie was increased.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

대구지역 지하철 건설계획에 따른 전기시스템 연구

吳哲洙,盧采均,서보혁,朴世光 경북대학교 산업기술연구소 1990 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.18 No.-

The Taegu City Authority has set up their master plan to adopt a city subway system since middle 1989 and a feasibility study was already submitted by Institute of Traffic Development in March 1990 and a fundamental planning contract was placed to Samwoo Engineering Co., Ltd. In compliance with this proceedure, the autors have surveyed the existing subway systems, bearing in mind to figure out which kind of system could be suitable to city Taegu. Initially, the subway systems, operating in Korea, were analyzed and the conclusion was approached that the existing subway system in Seoul and Pusan is not suitable to adopt to Taegu but a Light Traffic Vehicle system is efficient to adopt to the city.

수은중독의 임상증상과 생물학적 폭로지표간의 연관성에 관한 조사 연구

吳惠淑,金光鍾,車喆煥 고려대학교 의과대학 1990 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.27 No.1

This research focused on the association between clinical symptoms of mercury poisoning and mercury concentration in urine and blood. A total of 100 manual workers and 55 office workers in a fluorescent lamp manufacturing factory were selected and history-taking and physical examination were done from September 1988 to Octorber 1989. The results were as follows : 1. The urinary mercury concentration of manual workers in average was 125.9 ㎍/l(5.0-469.0㎍/l), which showed 10 times higher than that of the office workers, and the blood mercury concentration of manual workers in average was 6.3 ㎍/l00ml(0.2 -60.2 ㎍/l00㎖), which was 6.6 times higher than that of office workers. 2. The frequency of mercury poisoning symptoms appeared was higher in manual workers than in office workers. Among the symptoms, anorexia(33.0%), shyness(15.0%), gingivitis(11.0%) and stomatitis(11.0%) showed significantly higher in manual workers than in office workers. In every item of symptoms, the manual workers showed a higher average of urinary and blood mercury concentration than that of the office workers 3. The average urinary mercury concentration of symptom-holders(shyness, loss of memory and anorexia) among manual workers was higher than that of non-symptom-holders. The average blood mercury concentration of symptom-holders(excessive sweating and blood mercury concentration than that of the office workers. anxiety, loss of weight) was higher than that of non-symptom-holders. 4. Shyness, loss of memory, loss of patience, anorexia, loss of weight, dyspepsia, excessive sweating, respectively showed increase of the number of symptom - holders according to the urinary mercury level. However, there was no increase of the number of symptom-holders according to the blood mercury level.

유동층을 이용한 탈황제의 마모특성에 관한 연구

오광중,김형국,최은화,조기철 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 環境硏究報 Vol.17 No.1

For the efficient energy use and the protection of environmental pollution, attrition characteristics, depending on the component and the condition of sorbent for the purification of fuel gas, were analyzed by a fluidized-bed tester. Results of these studies can be summarized follows. 1) When Mn-based sorbent(M, MT, MFT) prepared with varying addictives and induration conditions was compared in terms of particle size distribution and AI(Attrition Index), MT and MFT possessing TiO2 and Fe203 had much higher attrition resistance than M. Attrition resistance of M, MT and MFT increased as bentonite contents and induration temperature increased, when bentonite contents induration temperature were changed from 2 to 5% and from 1000 to 1100℃, respectively. Therefore when powdery catalysts are prepared, the attrition rate can be considerably affected by the controls of addictive, binder and induration temperature. 2) Attrition tests using MT1100-5 were performed under the conditions that particle size distribution was uniform and had much more over +270mesh and under -325mesh. AI due to attrition was 8.83, 21.54 and 1.67%, respectively. Thus, initial particle size distribution showed a great influence on both produced fines distribution and attrition loss. Therefore, the size distribution of particles injected initially and the particle size that carried over showed be considered to reduce the loss of particulate materials and the replacement cost due to attrition. 3) An experiment using MT1100-5 sorbent was also carried out to predict AI as a function of time and particle size distribution during 23hr. AI of prepared sorbent was 4.54, 7.73, 9.08, 11.35 and 12.48 after 1.5, 3, 5, 9 and 23hr. respectively. Thus, it was shown that the amount of produced fines during the same time was shorten with the increase of time. The operating condition of dust capturing equipment and the rate of powder exchange needs to be considered because most of the fines due to fluidization of particulate material was generated at initial operation.

수은폭로 근로자의 조기 신기능 장해 지표로서의 요중 β-Galactosidase 활성도에 관한 연구

오연희,김광종,천병철,박종태 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between β-galactosidase activity in urine, in serum and urinary N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase activity as an early indicator of renal effect and mercury concentration in urine and blood, reflecting the intensity of exposure to or the amount of body burden of mercury. This study was carried out among 70 workers exposed to mercury vapor and 63 non-exposed workers as a reference. The results were as follows; 1. The mean concentration of urinary mercury(43.5 ㎍/l) in exposed subjects was about nine times higher than that of non-exposed subjects, but the mean values of blood mercury were not different from each other. 2. The mean values of β-galactosidase activity in urine(119.7μmolMU/h/g creatinine) and in blood(73.7 molMU/h/l) of mercury-exposed subjects were significantly higher than those of non-exposed subjects. 3. In mercury-exposed subjects, β-galactosidase activities in urine(r=0.38, P<0.01) and in serum(r=0.26, P<0.05) were correlated to urinary mercury concentration, but not to blood mercury concentration. The urinary excretion of β-galactosidase activity was closely associated with urinary mercury concentration in the result of the multiple regression analysis. 4. The urinary β-galactosidase activity in exposed subjects increased as the urinary mercury increased, and in the exposed subjects with more than 50㎍/l of urinary mercury was highly related to urinary β-galactosidase activity(r=0.47, P<0.05). 5. Among exposed subjects with more than 50㎍/l of urinary mercury, 20.0% of them showed abnormal value of urinary β-galactosidase activity.

무등산 도립공원내 자연휴식연제 구역의 등산로 훼손과 토양환경변화의 비교 : 용추계곡과 평두메계곡을 중심으로 On Youngchoo and Pyungdoome valleys in the Moodeung Provincial Park

오광인,정남철 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 1998 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.33 No.-

본 연구는 1991년부터 무등산 도립공원내 자연휴식년제 실시구역으로 지정된 용추계곡(3.291㎢)과 평두메계곡(0.917㎢)일대의 등산로를 중심으로 훼손실태와 그 주변 토양 및 환경의 변화를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 용추계곡 토양산도는 각 조사구별 좌, 우측 및 등산로의 평균치가 pH 4.7, 4.67, 4.87인 반면 평두메계곡은 pH 4.62-5.12 사이에서 계속 강산성화되고 있다. 그리고 용추계곡토양의 양이온치환용량(CEC)의 전체평균치가18.19cmol/kg인 반면에 평두메계곡은 9.55cmol/kg로서 용추계곡이 더 높았으며 임상의 교환이 없는 좌,우측이 등산로면보다 더 증가했다. 또한 치환성 양이온 (K??, Mg??, Ca??), 전질소, 가용인산, 수분함량은 유기물함량이 많은 용추계곡이 평두메계곡보다 더 높게 나타났다. 양지역의 주등산로의 답압에 의한 토양경도값은 용추계곡과 평두메계곡이 각각 43.06kg/㎠와 12.4kg/㎠를 나타냈다. 용추계곡은 평두메계곡에 비하여 등산로면의 상태가 대체적으로 양호하였고 평두메계곡은 지형이 가파른 경사조건에 등산로의 종침식이 더 발달하였다. This study was carried out to evaluate the changes of hiking trails, their surrounding area and soil erosion of Yongchoo and Pyongdoome valleys at Mt. Moodeung designated as part of sabbatical year for natural preservation ever since 1991, in the Chonnam Provincial Park. The average soil acidity of Yongchoo valley was pH 4.7, 4.67 and 4.87, whereas it was between pH 4.62 and 5.12. The overall average of CEC at Youngchoo valley was 18.19 cmol/kg, whereas it was 9.55 cmol/kg at Pyungdoome valley. The CEC in the forest follrs of either side of the hiking trails was higher compared to others. K, Mg, Ca, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and soil moisture content, were higher in Youngchoo valley, where organic matter content was higher than in Pyungdoome valley. The soil hardness wrought up by soil compaction of main hiking trails of both valleys was 4306 kg/㎠ and 12.4 kg/㎠, respectively, in Yongchoo and Pyungdoome valleys. Vertical erosion, however, of the hicking trails was more frequent in Pyungdoome valley, especially when it was steeper.

도시 하천의 세균학적 수질오염에 관한 연구 : 제주시내 3개 하천을 중심으로

안광자,오덕철 濟州大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 1985 科學敎育 Vol.2 No.-

This study was designed to investigate mainly the degrees of bacterial pollution of the three brooks which flow through Cheju city from July 1984 to January 1985. Investigated items were air temperature, water temperature, pH, general bacteria(GB), total coliforms(TC).fecal coliforms (FC), fecal streptococci(FS),staphylocci(SC),FC/TC,FC/FS, hemolysis and coagulase test. 1.GB Density : 250,000-2,800,000/mI at Byeongmun Brook(B_(1)), 10,000-1,700,000 ,ml at Byeonpmun Brook(B_(2)), 190,000-1,570,00O/ml at Sanji Brook(S_(1)), 70.000--1,200,000/ml at Sanji Brook(S_(2)), and 230,000-1,260.000/m1 at Han Brook(H). 2. TC Index : 790x10^(3) - 11,000 x 10^(3)/100ml at Byeongmun Brook(B_(1)). 330 x 10^(3)-13,000x10^(3). 100ml at Byeongmun Brook(B₂), 790 x 10^(3)-4. 900x 10^(3)/100ml at Sanji Brook(S_(1))330x10^(3)- 3,300x10^(3)/100ml at Sanji Brook(S_(2)). and 490x10^(3)-11,000x10^(3)/100ml at Han Brook (H). 3. FC Index ; 210x10^(3) -7,000x10^(3)/100ml at Byeongmun Brook(B_(1)), 170 x 10^(3) - 5,400 x 10^(3) /100ml at Byeongmun Brook(B₂), 170 x 10^(3) -2,400 x 10^(3) /100ml at Sanji Brook(S_(1))330x10^(3)- 1,300x 10^(3) /100ml at Sanji Brook (S_(2)), 260x10^(3) -4,900x10^(3) 100ml at Han Brook(H). 4. FS Density : 760 - 5.760 /ml at Byeongmun Brook(B_(1)). 190 -6,300 ml at Byeongmun Brook (B_(2)). 170 -3,870/ml at Sanji Brook (S_(1), 650-3,000/ml at sanji Brook : S_(2)and 560- 2,700/ml at hna Brook(H). 5. SC Density : 1,360 - 5,120/ ml at Byeongmun Brook(B_(1)), 570 - 4,510/ml at 1,650 - 7.380ml at Sanji Brook(S,), 1,130 - 9,540,ml at Sanji Byeongmun Brook(B_(2)), 1,650 - 7,380/ml at Sanji Brook(S_(1)), 1,130 - 9,540/ml at Sanji Brook(S_(2)), and 1,320 - 4,860/ml at Han Brook(H). 6. The Ratio of FC/TC: 0.1 - 1.0(Average, 0.43) at Byeongmun Brook(B_(1)). 0.05 - 1.0(Average. 0.47) at Byeongmun Brook(B_(2)), 0.05 - l.0(Average, 0.49) at Sanji Brook(S_(1). 0.1 - l.0(Average, 0.47) at Sanji Brook(S_(2)). and 0.22 - l.0(Average. 0.58) at Han Brook(H) 7. The Ratio of FC/FS : 5.07 - 35.9(Average. 11.81) at Byeongmun Brook(B_(1)), 2.5 -56.25(Average. 14.65) at Byeongmun Brook(B_(2)), 2.55 - 14.86(Average. 7.54) at Sanji Brook(S_(1)), 1.63 - 10.77(Average. 3.78) at Sanji Brook(S_(2)). and 1.95 - 19.64 (Average. 8.29) at Han Brook(H). 8. Hemolysis and Coagulase Eest : FS and SC showed α-reaction and β- hemolysis respectively, and SC formed coagulum. All the obtained resultes indicate fecal pollution of three brooks, and an adequate waste water treatment is desirable.

[논문]비소로 오염된 토양의 고형화에 관한 연구

오방일,노경환,조기철,정영헌,오광중 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2004 環境硏究報 Vol.22 No.-

A Study on the Solidification of Soi1 Contaminated by Arsenite