Differential Manifestation of Ocular Phenotypes in TALEN-mediated p19arf Knockout FVB/N and C57BL/6J mouse lines

Jin‑Sung Park,Joo‑Il Kim,Hyun‑Jin Lim,Soo‑Kyung Ryu,Euna Kwon,Kang‑Min Han,Ki‑Taek Nam,Han‑Woong Lee,Byeong‑Cheol Kang 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.9

Background p19arf, primarily known as a tumor suppressor, has also been reported to play an essential role in normal development of mouse eyes. Consistently, lack of p19arf has been associated with ocular defects, but the mixed background of the knockout (KO) mouse strain used raised a concern on the accuracy of the phenotypes observed in association with the targeted gene due to genetic heterogeneity. Object We carried out a study to investigate into the efect of genetic background on the manifestation of p19arf KO associated phenotypes. Methods We characterized the phenotypes of novel p19arf KO mouse lines generated in FVB/N and C57BL/6J using a transcription activator-like efector nuclease (TALEN) system in comparison to the reported phenotypes of three other p19arf-defcient mouse lines generated using homologous recombination. Results Ninety-fve percent of FVB/N-p19arf KO mice showed ocular opacity from week 4 after birth which worsened rapidly until week 6, while such abnormality was absent in C57BL/6J-p19arf KO mice up to the age of 26 weeks. Histopathological analysis revealed retrolental masses and dysplasia in the retinal layer in FVB/N-p19arf KO mice from week 4. Besides these, both strains developed normally from birth to week 26 without increased tumorigenesis except for a subcutaneous tumor found in a C57BL/6J-p19arf KO mouse. Conclusion Our fndings demonstrated surprisingly variable manifestation of p19arf-linked phenotypes between FVB/N and C57BL/6J mice, and furthermore between our mouse lines and the established lines, indicating a critical impact of genetic background on functional study of genes using gene targeting strategies in mice.

야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

상완골 간부 분쇄 골절의 최소 절개를 통한 관혈적 정복 및 교합성 골수강내 금속정 고정술 : 금속판 내고정술을 이용한 상완골 간부 분쇄 골절 치료와의 비교 Comparison between Plate Internal Fixation

한경진,어수익,김태영,강신영 대한골절학회 2002 대한골절학회지 Vol.15 No.4

목 적 : 상완골 간부 분쇄 골절의 치료에서 최소 절개를 통한 관혈적 정복 및 교합성 골수강내 금속정 고정술의 치료 결과를 금속판 내고정술과 비교하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 1997년 3월부터 2001년 12월까지 상완골 간부 골절로 금속판 내고정술을 시행한 14례와 상완골 간부 분쇄골절에 대해 최소 절개를 통한 관혈적 정복 및 교합성 골수강내 금속정 고정술을 이용하여 수술을 시행한 18례이고, 최고 9개월 이상 추시하였으며 임상적 및 방사선학적 결과를 분석하였다. American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon's (ASES) shoulder score를 기준으로 기능적 평가를 하였고, visual analous scales에 따라 통증의 정도 (zero : no pain ~ 10 : extreme pain) 를 평가하였다. 결 과 : 골절 유합은, 금속판 내고정술의 경우 14례중 12례(85.7%)에서 골유합을 얻었고 골유합 시기는 평균 13.2주 이었다. 최소 절개를 통한 관혈적 정복 및 교합성 골수강내 금속정 고정술을 이용하여 수술을 시행한 18례중 17례(94.4%)에서 골유합을 얻었고 평균 골유합 시기는 평균 12.4주 이었다. ASES shoulder score에 따른 기능적 점수는 금속판 내고정술의 경우 평균 44점, 최소 절개를 통한 관혈적 정복 및 교합성 골수강내 금속정 고정술을 시행한 경우 평균 47점 이었다. 통증의 정도는 금속판 내고정술의 경우 평균 1.8, 최소 절개를 통한 관혈적 정복 및 교합성 골수강내 금속정 고정술을 시행한 경우 평균 1.4 이었다. 결 론 : 상완골 간부 분쇄골절에 대한 최소 절개를 통한 관혈적 정복 및 교합성 골수강내 금속정 고정술은 견고하고 정확한 골절의 정복이 가능하고 술후 방사선학적 및 기능적 결과가 다른 수술방법에 비해 결과가 좋은 것으로 사료되었다. Purpose : We compared the functional and radiological results after the minimal open reduction and interlocking IM nailing and LC-DCP plate internal fixation for the comminuted humeral shaft fractures. Materials and Methods : Fourteen plates(LC-DCP) and eighteen interlocking IM nail (AO unreamed IM nail) were applied after open reduction for 21 comminuted fractures of the humeral shaft between March 1997 and December 2001. They were followed up for a minimum 9 months after surgery and the radiological and functional results were evaluated. Results : The average fracture healing time was 13.2 weeks and union rate was 85.7% for plate internal fixation. The average fracture healing time was 12.4 weeks and union rate was 94,4% for interlocking IM nail. The average functional scores according to American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon's (ASES) shoulder score(Total 52 points_ was 44 points for plate internal fixation and 47 point for interlocking IM nailing respectively. Conclusion : Minimal open reduction and interlocking IM nailing is better method with good functional and radiological results than plate internal fixation for the comminuted humeral shaft fractures.

골프선수들의 심리적(PSIS) 비교 분석에 관한 연구

한정훈,배진희,최영수 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.3

The purpose of this study was to compare the PSIS factors and to development the norms of golf players in competition. Subjects were 180 golf players. For PSIS adopted Mahoncy(1989) was used in this research. The main findings of this study were as follows. First, there was significant mean difference in the confidence factor between university and business players, however there were no differences in other factors. Second, there was significant mean difference in the confidence factor among under 3.48th, 3.49th~9.65th years by career, however there were no differences in other factors. Third, there was significant mean difference in the confidence factor between one and none by representative career, however there were no differences in other factors. Fourth, there were 11~26 norm scores of university players and 17~28 norm scores of business players in the anxiety factor. Fifth, there were 6~20 norm scores of university players and 7~18 norm scores of business players in the concentration factor. Sixth, there were 12~27 norm scores of university players and 16 ~27 norm scores of business players in the confidence factor. Seventh, there were 4~20 norm scores of university players and 10~23 norm scores of Eighth, there were 9 ~23 norm scores of university players and 10~23 norm scores of business players in the motivation factor. Ninth, there were 5~18 norm scores of university players and 9~18 norm scores of business players in the team emphasis factor.

전위된 소아 상완골 과상부 골절의 치료 : 도수정복 되지 않는 골절의 최소 절개를 통한 정복술 Open Reduction with Minimal Incision of the Manually Irreducible Fracture

한경진,어수익,박응석,강신영 대한골절학회 2002 대한골절학회지 Vol.15 No.4

목 적 : 전위된 소아 상완골 과상부 골절의 치료에서 도수 정복 후 석고 고정술 또는 경피적 K-강선 고정술을 시행하거나 도수 정복이 되지 않은 경우 최소 피부절개를 통한 관혈적 정복 및 경피적 K-강선 고정술을 시행한 결과를 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 전위된 상완골 과상부 골절(Gartland 제 Ⅱ, Ⅲ형)로 치료한 8세 이하의 환아중 1년 이상 추시가 되었던 총 74명 (74 골절) 을 대상으로 하였다. Gartland분류에 의한 제 Ⅱ형이 19차례, 제Ⅲ형이 52차례 이었고 정복의 기준은 건측의 주관절 Bauman 각으로 하였다. 안정적인Gartland 제 Ⅱ형, 6례에서 석고 고정을 시행하였고 불안정한 Gartland 제 Ⅱ형 13례와 Gartland 제Ⅲ형 52 례는 경피적 K-강선 고정술을 시행하였다. 도수 정복이 되지 않은 20례 (제 Ⅱ 형 1례, 제 Ⅲ 형 19례)의 경우, mini C-arm 영상하에 주관절 후면에 최소절개를 가하고 소절골도를 이용하여 정복하였다. 결과의 분석에는 주관절 운반각과 기능적인 운동범위의 소실 정도에 따른 Flynn의 분류를 사용하였다. 결과 : 저자들의 결과를Flynn의 분류에 따라 분석하면, 운반각의 경우 excellent는 52 례 (73.2%). good은 13례(18.3%) 로 만족할 만한 결과는 91.5% 이고 운동 범위의 경우 excellent는 49례 (69.0%), good은 20례(28.2%) 로 만족할 만한 결과는 97.2% 로서 비슷한 결과를 보였다. 도수 정복 및 경피적 K-강선 고정술이 운동 범위 요소(Functional factor)에서 더 많은 excellent, 그리고 최소 절개를 이용한 관혈적 정복 및 경피적 K-강선 고정술은 운반각 요소(Cosmetic factor)에서 더 많은 excellent를 나타내었다. 결 론 : 소아의 상완골 과상부 골절의 치료는 소아 골단의 성장판의 손상과 향후 발생할 수 있는 각변형을 고려하여 되도록 정확하고 세심한 정복과 안정적인 고정을 요한다. 또한, 도수 정복이 불가능할 경우 무리한 도수 정복 조작을 계속하지 말고 관혈적 정복을 시행하며 연부조직 손상을 줄이기 위해 가능한 최소 절개를 통한 정복 및 경피적 K-강선 고정을 하는 것이 좋은 결과를 나타내는 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : We evaluated the results of the displaced supracondylar fractures in children treated by closed reduction and cast immobilization, closed reduction and crossed K-wires fixation. Materials and Method : We retrospectively reviewed the results after 1 years of the treatment of 71 extension-type fractures (Gartland type Ⅱ-19 cases, type Ⅲ-52 cases) of supracondylar humeral fractures in children under age of 8 years. Closed reduction was impossible in 20 cases (1 type Ⅱ, 19 type Ⅲ) and we performed open reduction with minimal incision and cross percutaneous pinning. We measured Baumanns angle and range of motion of elbow and evaluated the results by Flynns criteria. Result : By Flynns criteria, 91.5 % of satisfactory (excellent, good) resuts in cosmetic factor and 97.2 % in more excellent in functional factor and that of the minimal open reduction and percutaneous pinning in cosmetic factor but over all satisfactory results were similar. Conclusion : The treatment of the displaced supracondylar humeral fractures in children need accurate and delicate reduction and firm fixation to prevent deformity and to preserve function of the elbow. Open reduction with minimal incision instead of general incision for the manually irreducible supracondylar humeral fracture would be a reliable and convenient method for the treatment of supracondylar humeral fractures in children.

호텔 고객 테이터베이스 마케팅의 활용전략 방안 연구

한진수,박향일 경희대학교 관광산업정보연구원 2000 觀光産業情報論集 Vol.2 No.-

Customer expect to be serviced better and more precisely, and competition is trying even harder to capture market-share from other companies. Mass-Marketing no longer works: customized and indivisually tailord marketing efforts are necessary. This study is to rethink the role of the database marketing by analyzing the case of three deluxe-class hotels in Korea. It's focused on a relationship with customer, so generically we call it 'Customer Database Marketing' in this study.

하루 콩단백질 25g 섭취를 위한 메뉴작성 및 영양성분 분석

한재숙,김정애,서봉순,이연정,서향순,조연숙,한경필,이신정,오옥희,우경자,조은자,구성자,김수진,李承彦,南出隆久 동아시아식생활학회 2002 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop menus for daily intake of 25g soybean protein and to analyse nutrients of these foods. Analytical values were compared to the theoretical one using the food composition table and recommended dietary allowances for Koreans (7th revision). The results are as follows. 1. Soybean curd residue stew, Soybean curd, Kimchi saute, and hard boiled soybean and lotus root were selected for the menu for January, of which the content of soy bean protein(SBP) was 33.1g, soybean stew, soybean curd and soybean sprout saute, and Italian deep fried soybean curd were for February, of which the content of SBP was 35.0g. The content of SBP in soybean paste soup with soybean curd, fried soybean curd and fried soybean curd roll, the menu for March, was 24.9g. That of April were soybean curd gratin with soymilk, soybean curd and ham with garlic dressing and the content of SBP was 26.3g. That of May were soybean porridge, soybean flour cake with honey (Dasik), soybean sprout soup and the content of SBP was 26.7g. That of June were soymilk, pan-fried soybean curd, steamed soybean curd with chicken and the content of SBP was 28.4g. That of July were noodle with soymilk, mapatofu, soybean curd salad and the content of SBP was 24.7g. That of August were soybean sprout with mustard dressing, Tossed green pepper with raw soybean flour, Tofu and Kimchi stew, soybean curd steak and the content of SBP was 26.2g. That of September were Chinese cabbage soup with raw soybean flour, sweet and sour tofu and the content of SBP was 23.2g. That of Oct. were Fermented soybean stew, soybean pan cake and the content of SBP was 24.3g. That of November were not-pressed soybean curd casserole, pan-fried mashed soybean curd with egg, stir frying deep-fried soybean curd with vegetables and the content of SBP was 22.4g. That of December were soybean curd and mushroom casserole, fried soybean curd and vegetables, hard boiled soybean curd and the content of SBP was 28.9g. 2. The ratio of the analytical value over theoretical value (A/B%) of one serving in kcal, carbohydrate, protein, fat, ash and dietary fiber were 57.7~107.7%, 42.9~131.9%, 79.2~118.3%, 54.5~100%, 40.7~80.8% and 42.1~113.2%, respectively. 3. The ratio of A/B% of one serving in Ca, K, Na, P and Fe were 44.1~93.6%, 59.0~153.1%, 53.1~117.7% 64.6%~138.8 and 33.8~77.3%, respectively. That in Fe was the lowest among minerals. 4. The ratio of analytical value over Korean R.D.A(A/C%) in Ca was relatively higher (22.0~85.9%) than that in kcal(18~63%). 5. The ratio of A/C% in Fe was 25.1~64.3% and lower than that in Ca and protein in general.

패밀리레스토랑 마케팅분석을 통한 경쟁력 강화 방안에 관한 연구

한진수,이순영 慶熙大學校 觀光産業情報硏究院 2002 觀光産業情報論集 Vol.3 No.-

Today’s society, eating means something different by itself than old days. It was just to satisfy hunger before but now it is one of the ways to enjoy and live life. There are various type of restaurants out there prove this. It is obvious that food service industry is closely related to our daily life. Especially, domestic food service industry has marked a quantum leap for the short period of time with the increase of GDP and economic development. In the comparison of its increasing number, it marks a small profit in the most case of small-medium sized business. Contrary to them, many of international franchise restaurants marked lots of profits and consolidated their presence in Korea. They presented high quality of service that is as good as five-star hotel service and they improved service level overall. Especially their customer-oriented service which has made their succession possible is the most important strategy that domestic business firm need to practice. The purpose of this thesis is to seek for ways to pursuit of domestic food service business, by researching and analyzing marketing strategies of international family restaurants. Also it is to improve its service to customers and manage its business more efficient and scientific. This thesis is based on theoretical and practical research by reviewing former research data, thesis and related journal and inspecting both world-wide and domestic business. Also, it gathered tremendous data from the Internet and analyzed it by franchise. Below is the conclusion from the research. First of all, we need to classify target market more in detail and introduce different service to different market that hit their spot. Second of all, we need entertainment that will give our customers a enjoyable time while their staying. As I mentioned it earlier, eating is not just to fulfil hunger, but to enjoy and live life. Third of all, tastes are varies from person to person. They experienced various type of foods and flavors already and now they expect something new and delicious. We need to develope and introduce new foods to meet their needs. Fourth of all, we need to train employees to serve better to our customers. This will be accomplished by building their confidence as a service provider and educating them constantly and professionally. Fifth of all, we need to seek ways to overcome its small profits and nonprofessional management by collaborating with the same business type or different. By that, we can expect to expand our business more successfully and have more of market share. Also, it will be essential to use Internet that is worldly wired and to adopt state of the art technology to meet changing customers needs. Like our food service industry had made a remarkable development ever since we held ’88 Olympic games, we see a bright future of the industry with a upcoming "2002 worldcup". There already are famous international franchise preparing for their presence here in Korea. We have to admit they introduced us advanced management skills and contributed a lot in the development of food industry but at the same time, domestic food service business need to be prepared to succeed in the competition not only by expanding its business in numbers, but by finding their own know-how and providing quality services to customers.

서울시의 재건축 추진현황에 대한 분석 : 관련 법령의 개정을 중심으로 Focused on the revision of the law related

한수진,박신영,윤영호 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(계획계)

The aim of this study is to offer the fundamental resources that would guide us for more stable reconstruction in future, using the method of analyzing the relation between present situation of reconstruction and the law the related to it. However, this also represents over 1,115 cases of reconstructions in the city of Seoul, as well as revision of the law that related after the year 1987 As the result of this analysis, in spite of the idea for reconstruction should be based on solving the deteriorated building, in Seoul's case, it was repeating instable of the reconstructions caused by revision of the law related that had influenced the great deal of business. Now, although on December of 2002, for more efficient management on the reconstruction business, the integrated law has passed, much more of analyses well as researches need to be done.