부산지역 무균성 뇌막염 원인 바이러스의 분리 및 동정 : 1998년을 중심으로

김영희,정영기,김기순,지영미,윤재득,김병준,구평태,민상기,정구영,김만수,조경순 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

The incidence of aseptic meningitis infection is ensuing and threatening the health of children. Enteroviruses are the major agents of aseptic meningitis and identification of virus has been a clue to diagnosis and epidemiology. The outbreak of aseptic meningitis occurred in Pusan, 1998. Patients were concentrated from April through November. Children were more susceptible than adults. Among 306 cases of specimens from stool, throat swab tested, only 7.2% were positive on virus isolation, 12 cases from stool and 10 from throat, respectively. All isolated 7 serotypes of viruses represented cytopathic effect on cultured cells. Three types of echovirus 6, 25, 30 and coxsackievirus B2, B3, B4, B6 were identified by neutralizing anti body test. Isolated coxsackievirus and echovirus were observed by an electron microscope with negative staining.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

실라에텐 Cl_2Si=CHCH_2^tBu의 생성과 반응성 : Unsaturated Compounds of 14 group Elements(IX)^1

金貞均,朴恩美,具美英,朴慶來,孫炳榮 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1993 藥學論文集 Vol.9 No.-

Lithiated 화합물인 Cl_3SiCHLiCH_2′Bu로부터 LiCl의 제거반응에 의해 생성된 준안정 반응중간체인 silaethene, Cl_2Si=CHCH_2′Bu은 propene, 2-methylpropene, 1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, anthracene과 반응하여 엔반응 생성물, 2+2-, 2+4-고리화부가 생성물을 생성한다. 이들을 분별진공증류법에 의해 분리하였고 분광학적으로 확인하였다. Silaethene Cl_2Si=CHLiCH_2′Bu, generated as a metastable reaction intermediate by the thermal eliminatio of LiCl from lithiated compound Cl_3SiCHCH_2′Bu, react with propene, 2-methylpropene, 1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, and anthracene to give ene-reaction product, 2+2-, and 2+4-cycloadducts. They are isolated by vacuum fractional distillation method and spectroscopically identified.

운동강도가 직장온과 체성분의 변화에 관한 연구

김구,박병근,이정윤,김영빈 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

In order to find the effects of exercise intensity on thermophysiological responses and body composition depending on the exercise time and grade of intensity, 7 healthy male students enrolled in the W University who have similar physical constitutions were selected as model group. They underwent the tests to determine the change and difference of physical conditions depending on the exercising intensities divided by 30% VO₂max, ventilation threshold intensity and 75% VO₂max for each span of time divided by 5 min., 10 min., 15 min. and 20 min. during the stable period and by 5 min. and 10 min. during the restoring period, respectively. The outcomes of the tests are summed up as follows; 1. The temperature of the rectum (or the temperature inside the body) remains unchanged or slightly goes down at the beginning of exercise. The exercise group of 75% VO₂max only shows a significant difference (P<.01) depending on the span of time but there are no significant differences depending on the intensity. 2. The exercise group of 75% VO₂max shows the highest rate of sweating(P<.01), followed by the groups of ventilation threshold(P<.01) and 35% VO₂max in order. 3. The body fat decreases after exercise compared to that before exercise in the exercise groups of 30% VO₂max and ventilation threshold but its difference is statistically insignificant. But the decrease by 1.04ℓ before and after exercise in the exercise group of 75% VO₂max should be regarded as statistically significant(P<.05).

메타분석을 통한 가정특성 관련변인이 학업성취에 미치는 영향

김지은,구병두 건국대학교 중원인문연구소 2001 동화와 번역 Vol.2 No.-

This paper was designed to synthesize quantitatively the master's theses and doctoral dissertations focusing on effects of students traits related variables on academic achievements in Korea. This task was accomplished by utilizing the meta-analysis technique of research integration as defined by Glass(1982). Basically, meta-analysis is a statistical analysis of the summary findings of many empirical studies. Its purpose is to draw reliable and general conclusions from a large and complex body of literature on a common topic. Thus, the primary purpose of this paper was to conduct a quantitative synthesis of 240 master's theses and doctoral dissertations focusing on the effects of academic achievements using students traits as independent variable and academic achievement as dependent variable. Eighteen independent variables were chosen by means of in depth review of those previously mentioned 240 studies. The independent variables employed in this study include intelligence, creativity, cognitive style, meta-cognition, anxiety-stress, alienation, needs, personality, self-concept, attribution orientation, expectation perception, teaming helplessness, social character, career awareness, learning motivation, attitude, learning attitude, aptitude-interest. These variables are cartegorized by four different groups according to the traits of variable in terms of intellectual function variable, affective function variable, self-cognition, motivation- attitude-cu atom variable group. This study set the following questions to be answered: (1) How large are the grand average effect size of variables of students traits proposed in this study on student's academic achievement?; (2) How different the effect size of the four students traits related variable groups, naimly intellectual function variable group, affective function variable group, self-cognition variable group, motivation-attitude-custom variable group on student's academic achievement?; and, (3) How different the effect size of the eighteen students traits related independent variables on student's academic achievement? In order to answer the research questions, the researcher followed the standard procedures as such locating published studies to collect primary data, analysing and cording the characteristics and outcomes of the studies, and carring out statistical procedures of mata-analysis to describe the overall and sub-variable effects. Primary source of data was decided to limit within the master's theses and doctoral dissertations in order to achieve the reliability and validity of the study results. By using the CD-ROM titled 'masterㆍdoctoral dissertation index' published by National Central Library in 1955 and 1997, a total of 262 studies were located and collected. Out of 262 studies, 240 studies were selected by excluding those studies that are not possible to employ mata-analysis such as studies used qualitative research method. While classifying students traits related variables some of studies were also excluded in this study due to failing a consensus among the five specialists participated in this process. The effect size was calculated by using two different approaches depending upon the applicability of effect size formula. One was by using mean and standard deviation of experimental group and their countpart. The other was using transformational formula suggested by Wolf(1986) for the studies that have not presented descriptive statistics. The result of tutus study may be summarized as follows: (1) The grand average degree of effects of the academic achievement factors proposed in this study turned out to be .47. This means that if the average size of effects of the academic achievement factors of the controlled group is 50 percentile in the normal distribution, that of the experimental group becomes 68.08 percentile. As it were, the latter surpass the former by 18.08 percentile. (2) Between the four groups of academic achievement factors proposed in this study, in terms of intellectual function variable group showed the higher average effect size, its average effect size being 1.01. And affective function variable group showed its average effect size being .09. And self-cognition group showed its average effect size being .44. And motivation-attitude-custom variable group showed its average effect size being .63. (3) Among the eighteen students traits related independent variables on academic achievements proposed in this study, the variable of meta-cognition showed the highest average effect size of 1.84, as followed by expectation-perception (effect size of 1.24), intelligence (effect size of 1.11), learning helplessness (effect size of 0.77), aptitude-interest (effect size of 0.87), creativity (effect size of 0.T), cognitive style (effect size of 0.70), learning attitude (effect size of 0.64), social character (effect size of 0.60), career awareness (effect size of 0.58), self-concept (effect size of 0.49). The effect size of these variables tamed out to be bigger that the grand average effect size of .47. This result means that these variable effects on student's academic achievement a lot more compare to other variable proposed in this study. In fact, the effect size of those variables such as learning motivation (effect size of 0.45), aptitude (effect size of 0.43), attribution orientation (effect size of 0.35), needs (effect size of 0.34), alienation (effect size of -0.23), personality (effect size of 0.22), and anxiety-stress (effect size of -0.10) turned out to be much smaller than that of previously mentioned variables. It means that the variable of meta-cognition, expectation-perception, Intelligence, learning helplessness, aptitude-interest, creativity, cognitive style, learning attitude, social character, career awareness, self-concept effect more on student's academic achievement compare to variables of teaming motivation, aptitude, attribution orientation, needs, alienation, personality, and anxiety-stress.

해면 Hymeniacidon sinapium의 Lipid 성분 연구

김인규,최병래,심정자,박선구 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1988 論文集 Vol.39 No.2

일반적으로 해양 생물에는 육지 생물에 비해 훨씬 다양하고 특이한 구조의 sterol과 지방산이 나타나고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국산 해면(Hymeniacidon sinapium)으로부터 2개의 sterol 성분을 얻었는데 주 sterol 성분은 탄소가 27개인 5α-Cholestan-3β-ol였으며 cholesterol도 소량 발견되었다. 또한 팔미틴산, 팔미토레인산, 올레인산, 스테아린산, 리놀레인산, arachidonic acid ethyl ester가 발견되었다. 이외에도 dioctyl phthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate가 검출되었는데 이것은 일반적으로 흔히 사용되는 plastic의 가소제이기 때문에 순수한 대사물질로 보기는 어렵고 해양 오염에 인한 것으로 추정된다. There has been a continuing interest in the sterols and fat related compounds of marine organisms. The most exciting results of recent studies have been the characterization of polyunsaturated fatty acids and a host of novel sterols, many with unique alkylation patterns in the side chain. The Korean Sea marine sponge Hymeniacidon sinapium was shown to contain 5α-Cholestan-3β ol along with minor amount of cholesterol. Further elution with more polar solvent gave palmitic, palmitoleic, oleic, stearic, linolenic, and arachidonic acid ethyl ester. Dioctyl phthalate and bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate were also identified from the extracts of Hymeniacidon sinapium, but they may be not de nevo metabolites, rather from the contaminants from plasticizer.

製造企業의 經營環境에 관한 硏究 : 김해지역을 중심으로

金東沃,孫炳基,金榮九,李道和,長英壹,崔容銑 인제대학교 1994 仁濟論叢 Vol.10 No.2

At the threshold of localization era, there is a great need to determine local economic development agenda. But current paucity of data regarding local firms' operations can be a hindering factor to achieve above objective. This study aims to provide such a data which can be used for setting local economic policy of Kimhae area. The study was conducted by administering survey questionnaires. The sample is 34 small sized manufacturers with less than 300 employees in Kimhae area. The content of survey includes General Management, Personnel and Labor Relations, Marketing, Production, Finance, Accounting and MIS. The results of survey revealed that current managerial practices in general showed sizable gap with desired one, which is mandated by national goal of reinforcement of competitiveness of small and medium sized firms.

Dicyanovinyl기를 포함하는 Polyurethane의 합성과 그들의 열적성질

김상태,김병구,공명선 단국대학교 신소재기술연구소 1992 신소재 Vol.2 No.-

주쇄에 enaminonitrile을 포함하는 polyurethane의 성질을 조사하기 위하여 먼저 p-bis-(1-chloro-2,2-dicyanovinyl)benzene(1)에 2-(N-methylamino)-ethanol과 4-piperidinol을 반응시켜 p-bis[1-[N-mthyl-N-(hydroxyethyl)amino]-2,2-dicyanovinyl]benzene(2)과 p-bis[α-[1-(4-hydroxypiperidinyl)-β,β-dicyanoviny]]benzene(3)을 합성하였다. 이들을 각각 hexamethylene diisocyanate(HDI), tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate(TDI), diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate(MDI)와 반응시켜 polyurethane을 얻었다. 또한 모델 화합물은 1과 phenylisocyanate의 반응에 의하여 얻었으며, 중합체의 화학적 구조는 모델 화합물과 비교에 의하여 분석하였다. 열적성질은 DSC와 TGA로 측정하였는데 2로부터 얻어진 polyurethane은 272-302℃에서 발열피크를, 3에서 얻어진 중합체는 315-323℃에서 큰 흡열피크를 보여주었다. 특히 2에서 얻어진 중합체들은 열경화후 불용성 중합체가 얻어졌으며, 3을 사용한 중합체는 큰 변화가 없었다. TGA 분석에서 500℃에서의 잔사량은 2의 중합체의 경우 55-68%이었으며 3의 중합체는 43-55%이었다. In order to investigate the properties of polyurethanes with enaminoitrile units in the main chain, p-bis[1-[N-methyl-N-(hydroxyethyl)amino)-2,2-dicyanovinyl]benzene(2) and p-bis[α-[1-(4-hydroxypiperidinyl)-β,β-dicyanovinyl]]benzene(3) were synthesized by reacting p-bis(1-chloro-2,2-dicyanovinyl) benzene (1) with 2-(N-methylamino)ethanol and 4-piperidinol. The polyurethanes were obtained from 2 and 3 with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), tolylene-2,40diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (MDI), respectively. Before the polymer synthesis, model compound has been also obtained from phenylisocyanate with 1, and the chemical structure of polyurethane was analyzed by comparison with model compound. the thermal properties were measured by DSC and TGA, the polyurethanes obtained from 2 showed a large exothermic peak at 272-302℃, and those obtained from 3 was showed large endothermic peak at 315-323℃. Especially, polymer obtained from 2 gives insoluble polymer after heat curing, whereas the polymers derivied from 3 unchanged in their solubility. In the case of polymers from 2, residual weight is in the range of 55-68% at 500℃, and polymers from 3 were in 43-55%.

Silaethene CL₂Si=CHCH₂?Bu의 엔반응 : Unsaturated Compounds of 14Group Elements(Ⅸ)

김정균,박은미,구미영,박경래,손병영 東亞大學校 大學院 1992 大學院論文集 Vol.17 No.-

Silaethene Cl₂Si=CHCH₂?Bu 1, generated as a reaction intermediate by the thermal elimination of LiX from Cl₃SiCHLiCH₂?Bu 2, combines with ene-component containing compounds(propene, 2-methylpropene, DMB) to give 40∼90% yield ene-products. They can be isolated and spectroscopic identified.

민챙이(Bullacta exatrata)의 화학성분 연구

김인규,최병래,박선구,박성혜,명승운 성균관대학교 1990 論文集 Vol.41 No.2

한국 서해 상낙월도에서 채집한 연체 동물인 Bullacta exatrata 로부터 통상적인 9-hexadecenoic ethyl ester 이외에 불포화된 5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraenoic, 7, 10, 13-hexadecatrienoic, 10-13-octadecadienoic ethyl ester 및 상당량의 glyceryl ether인 chimyl alcohol이 검출되었다. 주 sterol 성분인 cholesterol이었으며 지방산 ester 형태로도 소량 존재하였다. Unsaturated 5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraenoic, 7, 10, 13-hexadecatrienoic, 10, 13-octadecadienoic ethyl ester and a lot of chimyl alcohol were isolated along with common 9-hexadecenoic ethyl ester from marine mollusca Bullacta exatrata collected from sangnackworl island of the Korea sea. In addition, cholesterol and its fatty acid ester were obtained by futher elution in more polar solvent. Their structures were deduced from ^1H-and ^13C-NMR, GC-ms, FT-IR spectra.