약학대학에서 문제중심학습법의 효과 분석 : 충남대학교 약학대학 사례를 중심으로

윤휘열,김정태,유영훈,백현문,송병정,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2016 藥學論文集 Vol.31 No.-

After exchanging pharmacy edcuation system from 4th years to 6th years at 2011, Problem Based Learning (PBL), expecially fields of pharmacotherapy, is considered as alternative teaching implements to enhance student’s skills about solving-problem, critical thinking, clinical reasoning and self-motivated learning. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness about PBL class in clinical pharmacy students, and provide the evidence of its application. Four groups consisted of 10~12 students on each (Total number of students were 54) had PBL class with 4 pharmacists who were pre-educated about PBL class as tutors. After PBL class, all of students took part in the paper-based survey about effect of PBL class in clinical pharmacy education. In results of survey, the effectiveness of PBL was superior in comparisons with traditional teaching method and student’s attitudes for class such as satisfaction and participation were also improvements. In conclusions, PBL methods had a lots of benefits about improvement of academic performance and professional knowledges in clinical pharmacy teaching, therefore PBL class should be suggested more frequently in clinical pharmacy.

Existence of the Cysteine Residue in a Region Close to Active Center of Human Paraoxonase1

Su, Nguyen Duy,Sok, Dai-Eun 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2004 藥學論文集 Vol.19 No.-

Paraoxonase1 (PON1), one of antioxidant proteins, is known to protect low density lipoprotein (LDL) from the oxidation. Despite no participation of cysteine residue in the catalysis of PON1, some part of its antioxidant action is accounted for by the sulhydryl group of the cysteine residue. Here, we attempted to elucidate the location of cystein residue in the active site. For this purpose, PON1 was exposed to various mercury compounds, which can mod& the cysteine residue, and the remaining activity was determined based on the hydrolysis of phenyl acetate. Of various mercury compounds, the inactivating potency was dependent on the size of mercury compounds; mercuric chloride>mercurochrome>mercury orange>p-hydroxymercuribenzoate. In order to confirm the modification of cysteine residue, each mercury compound-modified PON1 was exposed to excess DTT, and the restored activity was determined. Noteworthy, the the DTT reduction successfully restored the loss of PON1 activity, which was caused by the mercury compounds except p-hydroxymercuribenzoate, negatively-charged. This suggests that there may be a difference in the microenviroment of the active site among the mercury compound-modified PON1 molecules, consistent with the notion that the active site of PON1 molecule may contain the non-polar background. Probably in support of this, oleic acid, a protective fatty acid, effectively prevented against the inactivation of PON1 by p-hydroxymercuribenzoate, but not the other mercury compounds. Thus, the orientation of mercury compound-modified cysteine residue in the active site of PON1 could differ remarkably according to the type of mercury compound. Based on these results, it is suggested that the cysteines residue in the active site of PON1 may be oriented to be affected by extraneous factors.

Effect of Ginsenoside Rg2 and Rh1 on Macrophage Inflammation-Mediated Liver Damage

Diem Thi Ngoc Huynh, Thuy Le Lam Nguyen, Kyung-Sun Heo 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2021 藥學論文集 Vol.36 No.-

Ginsenosides have been reported to display diverse pharmacological effects, such as immune regulation and anticancer activity. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of a combination of ginsenoside Rg2 and Rh1 (G-Rg2 and -Rh1) on macrophages and liver function during septic shock induced by lip-opolysaccharide (LPS). In vitro experiments were performed using RAW264.7 cell line, and an in vivo model of inflammation was established using LPS-treated ICR mice. We assessed 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2, 5-diphe- nyltetrazolium bromide assay, Western blot analysis, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and hematoxylin and eosin staining to evaluate the effect of G-Rg2 and -Rh1. We found that G-Rg2 and -Rh1 significantly inhibited LPS-caused nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activation in macrophages. Moreover, the combination treatment strongly abolished the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta induced by LPS in both RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. Furthermore, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) phosphorylation increased by LPS was dose-dependently decreased by G-Rg2 and -Rh1 treatment. Notably, the 20 mg/kg ginsenoside treatment significantly reduced LPS-induced acute liver inflammation levels in vivo, as indicated by the histological changes in liver tissue sections and the levels of aspartate transaminase, a biochemical marker for liver function from mouse serum. Taken together, our data demonstrated that G-Rg2 and -Rh1 exerted a key role in prevention of LPS-induced acute inflammation and liver damage by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine-mediated STAT1 activation through the inhibition of NF-κB acti- vation in macrophages.

PPAR-γ작용약에 관한 3D-QSAR 연구

이혜선,박경래 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2005 藥學論文集 Vol.20 No.-

The 3D-QSAR analysis with N-(2-benzophenyl)-L-tyrosine derivatives was conducted by Comparative Molecular Field Analysis(CoMFA) and Comparative Molecular Similarity Indices Analysis (CoMSIA). Two models yield the leave-one-out cross-validated correlation coefficient q² values of 0.62 and 0.56, and the conventional correlation coefficient r² values of 0.92 and 0.86, respectively. The achievement of higher q² and r² values of CoMFA model indicates the significance of correlation of steric and electrostatic fields with biological activities. The contour maps obtained from both CoMFA and CoMSIA studies were interpreted with respect to the binding site of the receptor. The quality of CoMSIA model is slightly lower than that of CoMFA in terms of q² and r² values. The models obtained from the present study can be useful for the development of new compounds with a more improved activity.

퀴니딘 정제의 건강한 한국인에 대한 약물동태

박희찬,윤민혁,김동출,권준택,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2004 藥學論文集 Vol.19 No.-

The purpose of this study was to estimate the pharmacokinetics of quinidine sulfate in healthy Korean The parameters were examined on 16 volunteers who received a oral single dose(200mg quinidine sulfate). After dosing. blood samples were collected for a period of 24 hours. Plasma samples were analyzed for quinidine sulfate and DL-propranolol hydrochloride(internal standard) by HPLC/UV. The pharmacokinetic parameters (AUC_(0-24hr), AUC_(inf). C_(max), T_(max), K_(a), K_(el), t_(1/2), Vd/F and Cl/F) were calculated from the plasma quinidine sulfate concentration-time data of each volunteer. The computer program "WinNonlin" was used for compartmental analysis. One compartment model with first order input, first order output was chosen as the appropriate pharmacokinetic model. The pharmacokinetic parameters(AUC_(0-24hr). AUC_(inf). C_(max), T_(max), K_(a), K_(el), T_(1/2), Vd/F and Cl/F) calculated 9.47±2.24 ㎍·hr·㎖^(-1), 10.95±2.62 ㎍·hr·㎖^(-1), 0.93±0.16 ㎍/㎖, 1.56±0.45 hr, 1.10±0.36 hr^(-1), 5.17+0.90 hr, 162.38±33.36 L and 22.27±5.35 L/hr, respectively.

HPLC를 이용한 살부타몰 원료 및 제제 중 유연물질의 분석

동, 뉴엔탄,강지연,강종성 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2004 藥學論文集 Vol.19 No.-

Salbutamol and related compounds found in raw material and commercial salbutamol products were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The related compounds and some unknown impurities in the test solution were separated on the LiChrosorb RP-Cl8 column with the mobile phase of phosphate buffer (2.5 g/ℓ, pH 3.65) including sodium heptanesulfonate (2.87 g/ℓ) - acetonitrile (78 : 22) at the flow rate of 1 ㎖ /min and detected at UV 220 nm. Salbutamol related compounds A, B, C, E, G and H were identified by the relative retention time of the related compounds D and F with salbutamol. The within-day precisions of the separated compounds were less than 3.8%, excluded the unimportant related compounds and impurities. The related compounds in four commercial salbutamol products exceeded the limit in the European Pharmacopoeia. The patten of the related compounds in the salbutamol raw materials and products provided that the salbutamol could be categorized in three different groups, indicating that the materials originated from different source or treated in different way.

기체크로마토그래피에 의한 정향의 품질관리

강지연,정영희,김영호,배기환,강종성 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2004 藥學論文集 Vol.19 No.-

Clove (Caryophilli Flos), dried flower-buds of Eugenia caryophyllata, commonly distributed in China. has been used in traditional oriental medicine as vermifuge, antibacterial agent and to treat toothache. The quality evaluation of clove was carried out by means of gas chromatography (GC) using eugenol as marker. GC/MS analysis provided the identification of eugenol separated from the extract of clove. Adequate separation of eugeno1 from commercial clove samples was achieved with a fused-silica 100% dimethylpolysiloxane capillary column (SPB-1. 30 m x 0.53 mm. 0.5 μm film thickness) and operated with temperature programming from 140 ℃ held 1 min. increased at 30 ℃/min to 290 ℃ held 2 min and the carrier gas flow-rate (nitrogen) was 4.3 ml/min on flame ionization detector The method showed a good within-day (35%) and between-day (9.5%) precision according to the acceptance criteria. The concentration of eugenol in the commercial clove samples was ranged from 1.3% to 19.7% and the lowest concentration of eugenol determined for the quality evaluation of commercial clove was 27%. This procedure was successfully applied to the monitering of eugenol in colve.

용담의 품질 평가

심광해,채흥복,닷, 윈디엔,이은주,배기환,강종성,김영호 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2004 藥學論文集 Vol.19 No.-

Gentianae scabrae Radix has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of analgesic, anti-inflammatory and gastrointestinal tract diseases In order to evaluate the quality of Gentianae scabrae Radix, quantitative determination method of gentiopicroside has been developed by the HPLC method using the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (1'9) and C_(18) column. The amount range of gentiopicroside in 20 samples was 0.97 to 5 89%

Screening of Vietnamese Medicinal Plants for Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cell Growth

Choi, Eun Mi,Lee, Eun Joo,Cuong, Nguyen Manh,Kim, Young Ho 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2008 藥學論文集 Vol.23 No.-

Many plant-derived substances have estrogenic activities. Due to their ability to bind the estrogen receptor, these compounds have the potential to counteract the deleterious effects of estrogen deficiency on bone. In this study, traditional Vietnamese medicinal plants were screened for their stimulatory effects on the growth of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. As a result of screening, the extracts of Strobilanthes cusia(142%), Celatrus sp.(123%), Camelia chinensis(116%) and Trichosanthes kirilowii(117%) had significantly high viability compared to control at 30 ug/ml (P < 0.05). The extracts of Bousingonia mekongense(123%) and Goniothalamus vietnamensis(116%) also significantly stimulated the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells at 3 and 0.3 ug/ml, respectively (P < 0.05). These results suggest that these Vietnamese plants may play important physiological roles in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Biological Actions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acyl Lysophospholipids

Long Shuang Huang,Sok, Dai-Eun 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2009 藥學論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) and polyunsaturated fatty acids are known to be generated from the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by enzymes such as secretary phospholipase A₂, lipoprotein-specific phospholipase A₂, lecithin/cholesterol acyl transferase or endothelial lipase. Free polyunsatuarted fatty acids have been known to be oxygenated by lipoxygenases to produce various bioactive compounds, which are known to exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. Meanwhile, lysoPC and its hydrolysis product, lysophosphatidic acid (lysoPA), are known to express a variety of bioactivities. However, most of the studies on the bioactivities of lysoPC and lysoPA were examined using lysophospholipids with saturated fatty acyl chains. Recently, the activities of unsaturated lysophospholipids have been of increasing interest, since unsaturated lysophospholipids, present to a substantial level in vivo, have been reported to be utilized as substrates for enzymes such as lipoxygenase. In this review, the biological activities of lysophospholipids, saturated or unsaturated, were discussed in an attempt to stress on the peculiar activities of polyunsaturated lysophospholipids such as 1-linoleoyl lysoPC and 1-docosahexaenoyl lysoPC.