정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Review of alternative gate stack technology research during the last decade

Byoung Hun Lee1,Paul Kirsch,Husam Alshareef,Prashant Majhi,Rino Choi,Seungchul Song,Hsing Huang Tseng,Raj Jammy 한국세라믹학회 2006 세라미스트 Vol.9 No.4

Scaling of the gate stack has been one of the major contributors to the performance enhancement of CMOSFET devices in past technology generations The scalability of gate stack has diminished in recent years and alternative gate stack technology such as metal electrode and high-k dielectrics has been intensively studied during almost matches that of conventional SiO2-based gate dielectrics. However, many technical challenges remain to be resolved before alternative gate stacks can be introduced into mainstream technology. This paper reviews the reasearch in alternative gate stack technologies to provide insights for future reasearch.

半夏의 修治方法에 따른 細胞毒性硏究

李秀培,金德宗,金康柱,田炳勳,禹元洪 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1993 원광한의학 Vol.3 No.1

The purpose of this study is to know the effects of Pinelliae Tuber on the cytotoxicity of human gingival fibroblasts according to brewing methods. Pinelliae Tuber was extracted by water in the state of being raw materials, prebrewing with Zingiberis Tuber and alumen. The extracted Pinelliae Tuber was applied to the cultured human gingival fibroblasts. The cytotoxic effct of Pinelliae Tuber was meaeured by MTTassay and microscopic findings. The results were as follows : 1. The cell viability of the fibroblasts by Pinelliae Tuber water extracts significantly decreased compared to control group. 2. The cell viability by the Pinelliae Tuber extracts prebrewed with Zingiberis Tuber was similiar to those of control group. 3. The cell viability by the Pinelliae Tuber extracts prebrewed with alumen slightly decreased, but was higher than those of PT group. 4. According to the microscopec findings, the number of cell count were smaller than normal in all experimental group, specially in the PT group, and showed the shrinkage of cytoplasmic process in the PT group and PA group.

反應性 加熱 蒸着法에 依한 水素化된 非晶質 게르마늄의 電氣的 特性

李原鎭,梁承勳,朴奉斗,羅炳旭 慶北大學校 師範大學 1985 敎育硏究誌 Vol.27 No.-

Reactive thermal evaporation of high purity polycrystalline germanium was carried out in an atmosphere of hydrogen plasma. Deposition temperature (T_s) and hydrogen pressure (P_(H_2)) were proved to be important parameters to determine the electrical properties of samples, as expected, and the optimum T_s was determined as 200℃. Evaporation onto a substrate at 200℃ in an atmosphere of 1 torr hydrogen plasma has been shown to yield a film which shows a low RT conductivity (10^-6Ω^-1㎝^-1) and an activation type conduction (with an activation energy of 0. 38 0. 42eV) in measuring temperature (above RT). And for optimized samples, germanium hydrogen bonds were proved to be stable even after annealing at 400℃.

남·여 역도 선수들의 심리적 기술에 관한 연구

이한경,안정헌,안병훈,김석일 龍仁大學校 1998 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.16 No.-

The purpose of this study, using the Psychological Skill Inventory for Sports, was to survey the correlation among gender, career, weight, and player-class, (1=high-school student, 2=college student, 3=member of the national team) with 6factors (anxiety control, concentration, mental preparation, self-confidence, motivation and team-work). The subjects of this survey consist of 171 male weight lifters and 51 female weight lifters. One-way ANOVA and t-test were and post inspection was practiced for the factors which had meaningful correlation. The results are as follows ; 1) Seeing the correlation among mender ㆍ player class ㆍ weight ㆍ career and 6 subfactors, gender showed meaningful correlation with only motivation and team-work. Player class showed meaningful correlation with only self-confidence. Weight showed no meaningful correlation with other factors. Career showed meaningful correlation with only motivation and mental preparation. 2) In One-way ANOVA, the factors which had meaningful correlation with gender were motivation and team-work only and no factors showed meaningful correlation with weight. Only motivation showed meaningful correlation with career. 3) Motivation & team-work Psychological skill compared by t-test was shown a significant difference in only motivation and team-work.

저주파음에 의한 자리돔, Chromis notatus의 청각 능력 : 청각 문턱치

이창헌,서익조,오승훈,김병엽,서두옥,김동근 제주대학교 해양과환경연구소 2001 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.25 No.-

In order to obtain the fundamenal data about method of luring fish schools by underwater sound, this experiment was carried out to investigte the auditory threshold of coralfish Chromis notatus which was on the coast of Jeju island by heartbeat conditioning technique using pure tones coupled with a delayed electric shock. The coralfish could hear a sound in the frequency range from 80 ㎐ to 800 ㎐. The mean auditory thresholds of coralfish at the frequencies of 80 ㎐, 100 ㎐, 200 ㎐, 300 ㎐, 500 ㎐ and 800 ㎐ were 100 ㏈, 99 ㏈, 91 ㏈, 88 ㏈, 96 ㏈ and 114 ㏈, respectively. As the frequency became higher than 300 Hz the auditory threshold increased rapidly.

보툴리눔독소 A를 이용한 반복적인 nasal flare의 치료

이상주,김현정,김병대,정원순,이승헌 대한피부과학회 2003 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.41 No.12

Repeated nasal flare is a condition that one repeatedly dilates one's nostrils unconsciously. It is not pathogenic, however, may be a cosmetic problem. This is caused by excessive activities of the alar part of nasalis. We, herein, report a successfully treated case with the botulinum toxin A. (Korean J Dermatol 2003;41(12):1689~1690)

킬레이트 형성기로서 Ethylenediamine을 도입한 다공성 중공사막에 의한 금속이온의 흡착특성

김헌석,김민,이영기,김병식 동국대학교 산업기술연구원 1999 산업기술논문집 Vol.14 No.-

폐수나 초순수 중의 금속이온을 효율적으로 회수하기 위해 킬레이트 형성기로서 에틸렌디아민(EDA)을 방사선그래프트중합법에 의해 생성된 그래프트 체인에 도입하였다. 그래프트율에 따른 에틸렌디아민기의 밀도를 측정하였으며, 그래프트율 177%의 경우 4.25mol/kg으로 나타났다. 에틸렌디아민기가 도입된 중공사막의 금속이온에 대한 흡착용량은 투과법에 의해 측정되었다. 투과압력의 변화에 무관한 흡착용량을 나타내었으며, 흡착된 금속이온은 용리액에 의해 100% 용리가 되었다. 구리(Cu)와 카드뮴(Cd)의 2성분 흡착에서는 구리이온이 카드뮴이온을 치환흡착 하는 것을 알 수 있었다. An ethylenediamine(EDA)-group as a chelate forming group was appended onto a hollow fiber membrane for effective recovery of metal ion from waste water or ultra pure water by radiation-induced graft polymerization of an epoxy-group-containing monomer, glycidylmethacrylate(GMA), and subsequent chemical modification. The density of EDA-group was investigated as a function of the degree of GMA grafting(dg), and it was 4.25mol/kg in case of the dg 177%. The adsorption of metal-ion onto toe EDA-hollow fiber membrane was measured by the permeation method. The metal adsorption capacity during permeation of a copper solution through the EDA-hollow fiber at various flow rate demonstrated that a higher flow rate is not affected to the collection efficiency. In the binary adsorption of Cu^2+/Cd^2+, we could see that Cu^2+ ion was substituted for Cd^2+ ion and adsorbed finally.

Baculovirus를 이용한 Aujeszky's Disease Virus gⅢ 단백질 발현

송재영,이중복,현방훈,박종현,김병한,권창희,전무형,안수환 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1993 생물공학연구지 Vol.3 No.-

The g Ⅲ gene located in U_L region of Yangsan strain, a field isolate of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) in Korea, was cloned into pTZ18R and sequenced. The gⅢ gene consisting of 1,437 nucleotides showed 98% sequence homology with that of Becker strain, a reference strain of ADV. The gene encoding gⅢ of Yangsan strain was placed under the control of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) polyhedrin promoter, and expressed by the derived recombinant baculovirus using Spodoptera frugiperda 9 (Sf9) cells. The expressed gⅢ was a protein with molecular weight of 72kd determined by immunoprecipitation and Western blotting assay using anti-ADV polyclonal antibodies and anti-gⅢ monoclonal antibody. The partially purified gⅢ protein was utilized as antigen in the radial immunodiffusion enzyme assay (RIDEA) to detect to specific antibody against ADV in pig sera. The results indicated that the sensitivity of RIDEA with the recombinant gⅢ protein antigen (98%) was as high as that with the conventional glycoprotein antigen extracted from the ADV infected cells. In addition, the false positive and false nagative reactions in gⅢ RIDEA were significantly reduced than the conventional glycoprotein RIDEA as judged from the results of standard serum neutralization test.

卷柏의 혈액암세포주에서 抗癌作用에 대한 연구

남항우,이성원,이병주,권칠용,문연자,안성훈,우원홍 한국전통의학연구소 2002 한국전통의학지 Vol.12 No.1

The Sellaginella Tarmariscina is widely used in the traditional oriental herbal medicine for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects. The effects of aqueous extracts of Sellaginella Tarmariscina on the viability and induction of apoptotic cell death were investigated in HL-60 cells. The cell viability after treating with extract of Sellaginella Tarmariscina was quantified by MTT assay. The results showed that could inhibit the proliferation of HL-60 cells and caused a 40% inhibition of HL-60 cells at concentrations of 400 ㎍/ml. The cancericidic effect of Sellaginella Tarmariscina was mediated by apoptosis. Thus, HL-60 cells exposed to Sellaginella Tarmariscina displayed the DNA fragmentation ladder and nucleus chromatin condensation characteristic for apoptosis. In conclusion, our results suggest that the extract of Sellaginella Tarmariscina may induce the apoptotic death in HL-60 cells.