간호실무에서 신봉이론(Espoused theories)에 대한 탐색적 연구

서문자,김혜숙,이은희,박영숙,조경숙,강현숙,임난영,김주현,이소우,조복희,이명하,지성애,하양숙,손영희,권성복,김희진,추진아 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

As a nursing practice involves nurses' actions in a specific context of health care, this study has focused on exploring the espoused theories in nursing practice within the action science perspectives, Espoused theories are the belief, principles, and rationale expressed by the practitioner as guiding her/his actions in a situation of practice. The data were analysed qualitatively and 25 elements of espoused theories of nursing action were identified and clustered into 6 categories. The 25 elements of espoused theories are as follows: The clinical nurse worked in wholistic and individual nursing, focussed on the patient's needed, comfort and supportive nursing (5 theories of nursing goal) ; excellent skills, knowledge based, assessment and data collection, explaining, educating or a scientific basis(6 theories of nursing intervention): advocacy, value oriented, treatment, account- ability and commitment(4 theories of nursing ethics) ; human respect. partnership, trust(3 theories of patient-nurse relationship) : knowledgable, accumulated clinical experiences and personally lived experiences. positive perspectives(4 theories of nurse), role of intervention. rewarding peer relationship(3 theories of situations) The above mentioned espoused theories are similar to that of nursing textbooks which students learned through basic nursing education and almost the same as the Acts ofa Nurse in Korean. However, we are doubtful whether nurses actually do as they think. Therefore. it is recommended to review the theories-in-use in order to and any discrepancies between the espoused theories and the reality of nursing actions

HIV 감염자에 대한 달팽이 엑기스의 혈액면역학적 효과

조영걸,이희정,오원일,강은숙,김은순,김영봉,조양자,조군제 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

A unique sialic-acid-binding lectin from giant African snail Achatina fulica(AF) has a T cell mitogenicity. It was also noted that acetone extracts of AF have a anti-HIV effect in vitro. Thirty HIV-infected individuals(HIV+) were treated with AF extract(40% Chunho extract) for average 5. 5 months. Peripheral blood sampling and questionnaire were done every month after take. There was a significant decrease of WBC from 4 months after take. As a result, lymphocyte counts also decreased(P<0.01). However, there was a significant increase of CD4+T cell percentage from 1 month(P<0.01). The mean increase of CD4+T cell count was significant for first one month(39/pl)(P<0.05). Body weight also increased significantly(P<0.05). Over 90% HIV+ ex-pressed symptomatic improvement and wanted to be treated with AF extract continuously after the end of this study. In one HIV+ treated with AF for 19 months, the increases of CD4+T cell percentage and counts over 11 times after AF extract take were mean 67% and 85%, respectively, compared to baseline value. These data strongly suggest that aqueous AF extract has a immune enhancing effect on HN+.

일 농촌지역의 우울 증상에 관한 역학연구 -위험요인 및 요인구조분석

하양숙,홍진표,김한규,이군희,한경자,조맹제,김용익,송미순,박성애,김창윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.2

연구목적 : 세계적으로 널리 사용되는 우울증 척도인 the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D)을 이용하여 지역사회 주민의 우울증상의 정도를 평가하고, 우울증상의 위험요인을 분석하고, 한국인에서 우울증상의 요인구조를 알기 위해 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 경기도 일 농촌 지역의 30세 이상 주민에 대해 무작위 군집 집락 추출을 실시하였고, 훈련된 면담원들이 가정 방문을 통하여 면접 및 자기보고 검사인 CES-D를 실시하였다. 총 1,315명에서 응답을 하였고 응답율은 59.3%이었다. 결 과 : CES-D에 의한 우울증 점수는 0∼5점이 57%정도를 차지하였고, 평균 점수는 남자 7.8점 여자 9.5점으로 비교적 낮은 편이었다. ANCOVA 분석 결과 비결혼, 저학력, 여성이라는 위험요인은 독립적으로 우울증상을 악화시키는 요인이었으나 연령은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. CES-D 결과를 요인분석을 시행한 결과 4가지 요인이 추출되었는데 우울증상 및 신체증상이 한 개의 요인으로, 다른 나라에서 보고되지 않는 정서적 고통이 별도의 요인으로 추출되었다. 결 론 : 국내 역학 조사에서도 외국과 유사한 우울점수 및 위험요인이 확인되었으나 우울증의 요인에서는 특이한 요인이 추출되었다. 한국인에 독특한 우울 반응에 관한 추가 연구가 필요하다. Objectives :The rates, correlates, and factor structure of depressive symptoms in a Korean rural sample were examined using Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D). Methods : Door to door visiting survey was conducted by trained interviewers. A random cluster sample of 1,315 respondents, aged 30 and over completed the CES-D scale along with additional sociodemographic questionnaire. Results : In this sample, mean CES-D score of male and female were 7.8 and 9.5, respectively which were lower than those reported previously. Symptoms of depression were most common among the less educated, non-married and female according to ANCOVA. Age was not a significant risk factor for depressive symptoms. Different factor structures emerged from this sample as compared to other studies using this approach. Somatic symptoms and affective symptoms were combined as one factor and emotional hardship emerged as a separate factor. Conclusion : Symptoms scores and risk factors were similar to the results reported in other countries but unique factor structures were found in this study. Further research is needed about the Korean depressive symptomatology and related areas.

지문과 정신분열증

우숙희,정국동,최송표,조근자,양은진,김수일,박경란,이영호,김원식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Fingerprint patterns of 333 schizophreniacs who met with the diagnostic criterias of International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia except items associated with chronicity in exclusion criteria were studied, and the following results were obtained. 1. The frequency distribution of the fingerprint patterns in the 333 schizophreniacs was ulnar loop, whorl, twinned loop, arch, radial loop in order in both control and schizophrenia groups. 2. Finger ridge counts of both sexes were decreased significantly in schizophrenia group. 3. Dissociation of fingerprint pattern in the schizophrenia group was 51.1%, which was far greater than 6.25% of control group. Number of dissociation was greatest in the thumb, followed by index, middle, ring, and little finger in order. According to the above results, it is considered that both the number of finger ridges and degree of dissociation of fingerprint patterns were closely related with schizophrenia. Analysis of fingerprints and palmprints with the aid of chromosomal analysis would contribute the early diagnosis and prevention of schizophrenia.

창의적 문제해결을 위한 웹기반 교수-학습 모형과 학습 환경 설계 : 수학교과에서의 예시를 중심으로

구양미,김영수,노선숙,조성민 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교과교육연구소 2006 교과교육학연구 Vol.10 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 지식기반사회의 학습도구로서 그 중요성이 증대되고 있는 인터넷과 웹을 활용하여 창의성 계발을 돕는 교수-학습 모형과 웹기반 학습 환경을 설계하는 데 있다. 본 연구에서 웹은 학습도우미(learning agent)로서 문제해결 학습상황에서 의사소통도구, 발견과 탐색도구, 지식과 경험 구성의 도구로 상정되었다. 즉, 중등 수학교과를 사례로 채택, 문제해결 학습상황에서 생각 5단계 모형(생각 열기, 생각 쌓기, 생각 나누기, 생각 다지기, 생각 펼치기)을 토대로 각 단계별로 문제의 구조 유형에 따른 사고 전략과 이에 상응하는 학습자와 교수자 활동, 웹기반 활동을 포함하는 웹기반 교수-학습 모형을 설계하였다. 설계된 웹기반 교수-학습 모형에 따라 실제 교수-학습활동 계획안을 개발하고, 창의적 문제해결 환경 지원을 목적으로 한 웹사이트를 설계하였다. 본 연구의 결과물인 웹기반 교수-학습 모형과 학습 환경은 창의적 문제해결을 위한 핵심요소로 간주되는 확산적 사고, 비판적 사고 및 교과지식이 조화롭게 활용될 수 있도록 하는데 그 주안점을 두고 있다. The purpose of this study is to design a web-based teaching and learning model and learning environment for creative problem solving in Mathematics. In this study, World Wide Web is considered as a learning agent assisting learning process as communication tools, inquiry tool, and knowledge construction tools in problem solving learning environments. The web-based teaching and learning model was developed based on "Five Stage Thinking Model" that consists of uncover ideas, accumulate ideas, share ideas, ensure ideas, and unfold ideas. According to the steps of the model, a web-based lessen plan on coordinates in middle school mathematics was developed. Finally, a web-based their divergent thinking, critical thinking and subject knowledge for mathematical problem solving creatively. Some sample web pages were suggested for developing a web site based on the purposed model and the lessen plan.

중학교 가정 교과 수행평가 방법 및 도구 개발

박선영,조필교,이양심,윤인경,임양순,최창숙,장명희 한국 가정과 교육 학회 1998 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of the study is to develop a Performance Assessment Method & Tools for Home Economics at middle school. Through the content analyses of middle school Home Economics curriculum and 8 textbooks of lst, 2nd, and 3rd grade respectively, teching elements for each content area were drawn and each specific learning objectives were idntified accordingly. In addition, assessment element for student's performance in each teaching element were specified for analysis. Analytic framework for the development of Performance Assessment Method and Tools were proposed by each teaching element. Beased on the analytic framework proposed, a model method and tools were developed by 10 different test measures of description written test, statement written test, oral test, pro and con discussion, performance test, experiment, interview, observation, self-test report, and portfolio. The model proposed in the study has been modified and improved through the feasibility studies of experts' examination and field research application. The model assessment method and tools for the study has been compleeted finally by proposing 45 performance assessment tools for the content areas of food, clothing, housing, resource management and consumerism, human development and family relationship.

만성 틱 장애 뚜렛씨 장애의 임상 특성

신성웅,임명호,현태영,성양숙,조수철 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2001 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.12 No.1

뚜렛씨 장애는 근육틱과 음성틱이 만성적으로 지속되는 질환이다. 만성 틱장애는 근육틱 혹은 음성틱 중 하나만 지속적으로 나타나는 질환이다. 본 연구에서는 1998년 4월 1일부터 1999년 4월 1일까지 서울대학교병원 소아정신과 병동에 입원한 만성 틱 장애 아동과 뚜렛씨 장애 아동의 임상적 특징을 조사하고 두 질환 사이의 관계를 비교하고자 시행되었다. 이들의 특성을 확인하기 위해 대조군으로 학습장애 환자를 선정하였다. 조사 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 만성 틱장애(n=13)와 뚜렛씨 장애 환자(n=29)의 평균 발병연령은 각각7.3±2.5, 7.2±2.2.세, 입원시 연령은 평균 11.7±2.7, 11.5±2.6세, 입원기간은 5.7±5.4, 11.0±8.7주였고두 군 사이에 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 학습장애의 경우 발병연령(4.2±1.9세)이 두 장애보다 빠르고 의료기관을 찾는 시기(9.8±3.2세)도 빨랐다. 출생 계절은 틱장애 환자들에서 6월에서 9월 사이가 가장 적었지만 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 남녀의 성비율은 각각 10 : 3, 26 : 3, 11 : 5였고 의미 있는 차이는 보이지 않았다. 환자가 출생할 때의 아버지와 어머니 연령은 세 군 모두 차이가 없었다. 둘째, 정신과적 가족력이 있는 경우도 세 군 사이에 차이가 없었고 각각 24.1%, 46.2%, 56.3%였다. 발병전 유발 요인이 확인된 경우는 만성틱장애와 뚜렛씨 장애에서 11.1%와 35.7%로서 의리 있는 차이를 보이지는 않았지만 학습장애(56.3%)에 비해서는 적었다. 셋째, 만성 틱장애와 뚜렛씨 장애, 그리고 학습장애 환자의 지능지수는 각각 언어성 지능 92.3±10.7, 94.7±14.9, 94.3±13.8이었고, 동작성 지능은 93.0±20.5, 97.5±13.0, 95.0±16.9이었으며, 전체 지능은 91.9±20.1, 95.8±14.5, 93.9±15.1로서 세 군 사이에 의미 있는 차이가 없었다. 기질적 뇌장애 소견은 CT/MRI등에서 0%, 27.3%, 6.3%, 뇌파 이상은 8.3%, 17.2%, 12.5%에서 나타났고 차이는 발견하지 못하였다. 넷째, 항도파민 약물에 대한 반응은 만성 틱장애와 뚜렛씨 장애 환자에서 각각 84.6%, 77.0%가 부분관해를 보였고 완전 관해된 경우는 한 명도 없었으며 두 군 사이에 차이가 없었다. 다섯째, 공동 유병현황을 조사한 결과 주의력결핍 · 과잉운동장애가 학습장애에서 의리 있게 많은 것을 제외하고는 세 군 사이에 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 조사 결과 입원한 환자의 경우 만성 틱장애와 뚜렛씨 장애를 가진 환자들은 임상적으로 학습장애를 가진 환자와 많은 부분에서 파이를 보였으나 만성 틱장애와 뚜렛씨 장애를 구분해야 하는 근거를 찾지 못하였다. 중심 단어 : 뚜렛씨 장애 · 틱장애 · 진단 분류 ㆍ 임상적 특성. Tourette's disorder is a disease which manifests one or more motor tics and vocal tics for more than a year. Chronic motor tic or vocal tic disorders are characterized by only one kind of tics for more than a year. We intended to investigate the clinical characteristics of the patients with chronic motor tic disorders or Tourette's disorders who had admitted from May 1, 1998 to May 1, 1999 to Seoul National University Hospital Child and Adolescent Psychiatry ward. In addition, we compared the clinical characteristics of the patients in order to elucidate the relationship between the two disorders. The patients with learning disabilities were selected as controls. There was no statistically significant difference between the onsets of the patients with chronic motor tic disorders(n=13, 7.3±2.5 years) , and Tourette's disorder(n=39, 7.2±2.2 years), but with learning disability (4.2±1.9 years). Also, the patients with chronic motor tic disorder and Tourette's disorder showed similar age at admission (11.7±2.7 versus 11.5±2.6 years), duration of admission (5.7±5.4 versus 11.0±8.7 weeks), mothers' ages at child birth(27.3±2.9 versus 28.3 ±6.7 years old), and fathers' age at child birth (32.2±3.2 versus 33.3±5.2 years old). We observed that those who had learning disabilities were alike in those aspects, except for age at visit to clinic (9.8±3.2 years old). Family history of psychiatric illnesses (24.1% versus 46.2%), recognized precipitating factors (11.1% versus 35.7%) and response to pharmacological treatments (77.8% versus 76.9%) of the patients with chronic motor tic disorders and Tourette's disorders were observed and no differences were found. Comorbid patterns of diseases were noted. Intrafamilial conflicts were more common in the patients with learning disabilities than those with chronic tic disorders or Tourette's disorders. Precipitating factors were observed more frequent in chronic tic disorder and Tourette's disorder than learning disability. Neurocognitive profiles were investigated, and verbal IQs of the patients with chronic motor tic disorder, Tourette's disorder and learning disability were 92.3±10.7, 94.7±14.9, 94.3±13.8, performance IQs 93.0±20.5, 97.5±13.0, 95.0±16.9 and full-scale IQs 91.9±20.1, 95.8±14.5, 93.9±15.1, respectively, which were found to be not significantly different. No difference was found in structural neurological abnormalities and EEG profiles. The patients with learning disabilities showed more common Bender-Gestalt test abnormalities. In conclusion, we have not found any affirmative clues for the division of chronic motor tic disorder and Tourette's disorder in clinical perspective. KEY WORDS : Tourette's disorder ㆍ Tic disorder ㆍ Classification ㆍ Clinical study.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

Emergency Department Nurses’ Recognition Of and Educational Needs For Forensics Nursing Education

Yang-Sook Yoo,Ok-Hee Cho,Kyeong-Sook Cha 성인간호학회 2013 성인간호학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.5

Poster Session 1 : oral Presentation ; Gene Structure and Regulation : Additional sex comb-Like 1 (ASXL1) is a cell-specific dual regulator of nuclear hormone receptor RAR: (1) Function as a Ligand-dependent coactivator

( Yang Sook Cho ),( Yeun Gun Lee ),( Ui Hyun Park ),( Soo Jong Um ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2005 62회 KSBMB Annual Meeting in 2005 Vol.- No.-