정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

해수와 해산물로부터 Listeria 속의 분리와 세균학적 조사

강치희,이승철,황용일 慶南大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 2000 硏究論文集 Vol.14 No.-

본 연구는 경남지역의 해수와 해산물에서 Listeria sp.를 분리하여 증균배양방법에 따른 균의 분리율, 선택배지에 따른 균의 분리율, 검체에 따른 균종별 분리율, 생화학 시험과 분리된 L. monocytogenes에 대하여는 혈청형 시험을 실시하였다. 총 100건의 검체에서 증균배양에 따른 Listeria sp.의 분리율은 1일 증균배양에서 L. monocytogenes가 4%(4건), L. innocua가 35%(35건), L. ivanovii가 4%(4건), L. welshimeri가 1%(1건)였고, 7일간 증균배양에서는 L. monocytogenes가 7%(7건), L. innocua가 38%(38건), L. ivanovii가 5%(5건), L. welshimeri가 1%(1건)로 동정되어 1일 증균배양시키는 것보다 7일간 증균배양시키는것이 Listeria sp.의 분리에 훨씬 효과적이었다. 2가지 선택배지, Oxford 선택배지, LPM 선택배지를 사용하였을 경우 증균배양과 비교하여 분리율이 조금 낮았다. 검체에 따른 Listeria sp.의 분리율은 새우에서 80%(16/20)와 가시발새우에서 80%(16/20)로 분리율이 가장 높았으며, 바지락에서 50%(10/20), 해수에서 25%(5/20), 홍합에서 20%(4/20)의 순으로 나타났다. 그리고 Listeria sp.의 균종별 분리율은 L. innocua가 38%(38건), L. monocytogenes가 7%(7건), L. ivanovii가 5%(5건), L. welshimeri가 1%(1건)순으로 분리되었다. 각 검체에서 Listeria sp.의 균종별 분리율은 새우에서 L. innocua가 65%(13건), L. monocytogenes가 15%(3건), 가시발새우에서 L. innocua가 70%(14건), L. monocytogenes가 10%(2건), 바지락에서 L. innocua가 45%(9건), L. monocytogenes가 5%(1건), 홍합에서 L. innocua가 10%(2건), L. monocytogenes가 5%(1건), L. welshimeri가 5%(1건), 해수에서 L. ivanovii가 25%(5건) 분리되었다. 새우와 가시발새우에서 L. monocytogenes와 L. innocua가 다소 많이 분리되었다. L. monocytogenes로 분리 동정된 7주에 대한 혈청형 분류는 type 1이 2주, type 4가 5주로 나타났다. Four species of the genus of Listeria were isolated from seawater and sea food in Kyungnam area. These strains were systematically counted for different samples using appropriate media and biochemical tests including serological test. In one-day enrichment, the following strains were found out of 100 samples : L. innocua (35%), L. ivanovii (4%), L. monocytogenes (4%), and L. welshimeri (1%), In seven-day enrichment. L. innocua (38%), L. ivanoii (5%), L. monocytogenes (7%), and L. welshimeri (1%) were isolated. Thus, listeria species were more easily isolated in the seven-day enrichment than in the one-day enrichment. However, listerias were less grown in the selective medium than in the enrichment medium. Listeria species were most abundantly isolated in shrimps (80%) and metapenaeus shrimps (80%). Little neck clams (50%), seawater (25%) and hard-shelled mussels (20%) followed. The isolated listerias consisted of L. innocua (38%), L. monocytogenes (7%), L. ivanoii (5%), and L. welshimeri (1%). In the shrimps, L. innocua (65%) was most abundant followed by L. monocytogenes (5%). In the metapenaeus shrimps, 70% of the isolates were for L. innocua and 10% for L. monocytogenes. In the little neck clams, 45% was for L. innocua and 5% for L. monocytogenes. In the hard shelled mussels, 10% was for L. innocua, 5% for L. monocytogenes and 5% for L. welshimeri. In the seawater, 25% was for L. ivanovii. Therefore, L. monocytogenes and L. innocua were more frequently isolated in the shrimps and the metapenaeus shrimps. The serological classes for the seven L. monocytogenes were two strains for type I and five strains for type IV.

한우, 칡소 및 제주 흑우 Calpain-Calpastatin 유전자 다양성

이승환,김승창,조수현,최봉환,Aditi Sharma,임다정,당창권,장선식,김재환,고문석,양보석,강희설 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2013 농업과학연구 Vol.40 No.2

The aim of study was to investigate genetic diversity for the calpain/calpastatin gene in three Hanwoo breeds [(Brown (n=62), Brindle (n=81) and Jeju Black (n=30)]. Random samples from three breeds of Hanwoo were selected and genotyped for the 7 SNPs of calpain/calpastatin using TaqMan method. Allele frequencies were investigated for CAPN1/CAST gene. Allele frequency of CAST2 SNP was 0.75, 0.59 and 0.22 for Brown, Brindle and Jeju black, respectively. The CAST3 revealed allele frequency of 0.59 and 0.57 in Brown and Jeju Black, while it showed very low allele frequency (0.07) in Brindle. In particular, favorable allele (G allele) for the CAPN1-2 SNP which was shown a strong association with tenderness in Taurine and Indicine cattle revealed 16% and 17% higher allele frequency in Brown Hanwoo (0.82) comparing Brindle (0.66) and Jeju Black Hanwoo (0.65). AMOVA demonstrated that among population variance occupied only 10% of total variance and among individual variance was 0%, while within individual variance was 90% of total variance. This result showed that population effect contributed very small portion of genetic to these three Hanwoo breeds, while within individual variance contributed large portion of genetic diversity within these Hanwoo breeds. In conclusion, three Hanwoo breeds (Brown, Brindle and Jeju black) showed a genetically homogeneous based on the 7 SNPs of CAPN1/CAST gene and it came from same ancestor to form modern Hanwoo breed.

Culex pipiens pallens 모기의 난성숙에 관한 연구

姜奭熙,이승훈 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.2

본 연구에서는 Culex pipiens 모기의 난성숙에 대한 Egg development neurosecretory hormone(EDNH)의 영향과 방출시기를 decapitation을 통한 in vitro fat body incubation과 rocket immunoelectrophoresis 방법에 의해 합성된 난황단백질의 정량과 follicle cell의 성숙정도를 측정하는 방법으로 조사하였다. C. pipiens를 흡혈 후 30분에 decapitation 하였을 때 follicle cell의 성숙은 25% 정도의 모기에서 일어났으며, 흡혈 후 1 시간에 decapitation한 모기에서는 90% 이상의 모기에서 난성숙이 일어났다. A. atropalpus 에서는 우화 후 6시간 이전에 decapitation하였을 때 follicle cell의 성숙이 일어나지 않았다. Decapitation후 in vitro fat body incubation에 의한 ^3H-protein과 ^3H-vitellogein의 정량결과에서도 C. pipiens는 흡혈 후 30분에 decapitation한 모기에서 난황단백질의 합성이 일어났다. 또한 흡혈 후 1시간에 decapitation한 모기에서는 12시간에 decapitation 한 모기와 비슷한 정도의 난황단백질의 합성이 일어났다. Decapitation 후 rocket immunoelectrophoresis 방법으로 난소내에 축적된 vitellin과 지방체내의 vitellogenin을 정량한 결과 흡혈 후 30분에 decapitation한 모기에서는 흡혈 후 18시간 지난 정상모기의 난소와 유사한 양의 vitellin이 축적되었으며, 흡혈 후 1시간에 decapitation한 모기에서는 흡혈 후 24시간 지난 정상모기의 난소와 유사한 양의 vitellin이 축적되었다. 또한 흡혈 후 30분에 decapitation한 모기의 지방체 내에서 10㎍ 이상의 vitellogenin이 합성된 것으로 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과는 흡혈 후, 또는 우화 후 6시간 이후부터 EDNH의 방출이 시작되는 것으로 알려진 A. atropalpus나 A. aegypti 모기와는 달리 C. pipiens 모기에 있어서는 흡혈 후 30분 정도만 되어도 뇌로부터 EDNH의 방출이 시작되어 난성숙에 필요한 난황단백질 합성의 시작을 자극하는 것으로 여겨진다. Synthesis of vitellogenin in the anautogenous mosquito, Culex pipiens pallens was examined by incubating the fat body in vitro. Vitellogenin synthesis began to occur at 6 hours after blood feeding, reached at maximum level by 24 hour, and was completed by 45 hours. Ovarian uptake of yolk was examined by measuring the amount of egg vitellin by rocket immunoelectrophoreisis. Ovarian vitellin level began to rise at 12 hour post blood meal and continued for up to 60 hours. Decapitation within 10 minutes after blood meal completely blocked vitellogenin synthesis by the fat body. When decapitation was performed at 1 hour post blood feeding, more than 90 percent o female produced mature eggs. These results are different from that of Aedes aegypti in which the critical period was found to be 6 hours post blood meal.

수치사진측량에 의한 고 건축물의 3 차원 정보 획득

姜準默,韓承熙,嚴大鎔 충남대학교 지역개발연구소 2000 地域開發論叢 Vol.12 No.-

This study aim at establishing the 3D digital data of cultural architecture by applying the digital photogrammetric technique. I would applicated as the basic data for preservation and restoration of cultural assets by suggesting the direction of establishing 3D digital data and the more accurate measurement methods than before lagged ones. And I could establish the useful data for visual analysis by connecting the ortho image which was made by digital image for the object and the vector data which was acquired by plotting. The establishment of precise 3D information by photogrammetry was possible, so the application of photogrammetry for measuring various cultural assets which require precise measurement is expected actively in near future.

Efficacy of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection for Leukocytospermia

강희규,--,--,--,--,--,--,--,-- THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 2004 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.10 No.1

White blood cells (WBCs) are present in most human ejaculates, but abnormally high concentration of seminal leukocytes map reflect an underlying pathological condition. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined leukocytospermia as status of more than 10^(6) WBC/mL of semen. The purpose of this study was firstly, to compare the outcomes between conventional IVF and ICSl in leukocytospermia, and secondly, to investigate whether ICSI may be an alternation treatment for patients with leukocytospermia. Total 346 cycles of conventional IVF and ICSI candidates underwent IVF cycles at Eulji Hospital Infertility Clinic. Semen Parameters including concentration, motility, morphology of spermatozoa and concentration of leukocytes were assessed from the raw ejaculates. There was no difference in sperm concentration, motility and morphology. The rates of fertilization and good embryo development from ICSI were significantly higher than those from conventional IVF in leukocytospermia (60.4% & 32.5% respectively for ICSI group and 44.4% & 28.5%, respectively for IVF group, P<0.001). The pregnancy rate after ICSI was also higher than that from conventional IVF (34.0% vs 29.1%. P<0.05). These results indicate that the presence of seminal leukocyes (>1×10^(6) WBC/mL of semen) is adversely related with fertilization, embryo development and pregnancy rate. Therfore the measurement of seminal leukocytes in routine semen analysis appears to be of prognostic value with regard to male fertilizing potential. In conclusion. it is suggested that ICSI is an alternative choice of treatment for patients with leukocytospermia.

김치로부터 분리한 Pediococcus halophilus에 의한 α-Glucosidase의 생산

강국희,민해기,홍승표 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1992 論文集 Vol.42 No.2

Six strains able to efficiently produce α-glucosidase were isolated from kimchi by enrichment culture in APT medium. Among them, Strain No.2 was found to have levels of α-glucosidase activity. The morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of the strain No.2 were studied according to the methods of Bergey's manual. Based on the results obtained in these experiments, Stain No.2 was identified to be a similar species to Pediococcus halophilus. The optima conditions for α-glucosidase production were cultured 0.5% starch, 0.4% yeast extract, 0.4% trypticase peptone, initial pH 7.5 at 37℃ and 24 hours cultivation.

레이저 박피술의 피부면적 감소효과와 레이저 punch out 병변의 치유에 대한 실험적 연구

강동희,윤을식,구상환,안덕선,박승하 大韓成形外科學會 1999 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.26 No.3

An experimental study was designed to analyze the surface reduction effect of ultrapulse carbon dioxide laser on the skin of guinea pigs receiving laser resurfacing. Two squares of skin measuring 3x3 ㎠ were designed on each side of the abdomen of guinea pigs(n=10). Five animals received laser resurfacing on their abdomen at energy of 250mJ/5 watt, and five other animals received 500 mJ/5 watt. On each animal, the left side square was treated with one pass of a CO2 laser, and the right side q=square was treated with two passes using a C.P.G. scanner. The size of the resurfacing area was determined by celluloid overlays at 1,2,3,4 and 6 weeks. Immediately following laser resurfacing, the area was decreased to 69%(left side) and 56%(right side) of the designed area in the 250 mJ/5 watt group, and 59% and 40% in the 500mJ/5 watt group. After 6 weeks, the resurfaced area had been reduced to 70% and 56% of the designed area in the 250mJ/5 watt group, and 60% and 40% in the 500mJ/5 watt group. As a result, the effect of surface reduction by CO2 laser resurfacing increased at a higher power and when more passes of the ultrapulse carbon dioxide laser were applied. The laser treated skin continued to maintain its contracted dimensions. These findings suggest that ultrapulse carbon dioxide laser may be an effective treatment method for rhytides. Another experiment was performed on multiple punch-out lesions on guinea pig skin(n=2) with 1,2,3 mm collimated hand pieces for the purpose of determining a new laser treatment method. After 4 weeks, on gross and histological examination, there were no differences in the healing of multiple punch-out lesions and the healing of punch-out lesions was complete without any scarring. These findings suggest that the laser punch-out method can be used for the treatment of acne scars.

중공유리구에 고정화된 광촉매를 이용한 남조류의 증식억제

강민수,정익상,우승희,김성우,이동근 경상대학교 환경보전연구소 2001 環境保全硏究所報 Vol.9 No.-

Photocatalytic inactivation of Microcystisaeruginosa was carried out with the TiO₂-coated pyrex hollow glass beads under the illumination of UV light(370㎚ wavelength). After being irradiated with UV light in the presence of the TiO₂-coated pyrex glass beads, Microcystis aeruginosa, known as typical cyanobacteria, lost their photosynthetic activity, and the colonies of Microcystis cells were completely separated into individual spherical one. Complete photocatalytic inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa was obtained in about 30min. Photosynthesis activity of the cyanobacteria could be inhibited effectively after being reacted photocatalytically with TiO₂ immobilized hollow glass ball.

Tobit 모형을 이용한 CVM 분석

강주훈,강희용,정승진 관동대학교 기업경영연구소 2004 경영논집 Vol.22 No.-

There, in general, exists a difficulty in evaluating the external effect of economic activities by measures. It is simply because the external economic effect often fails to reflect the market price in real market transactions. Because evaluating the social expenses or benefits from public goods or environmental pollution often relies heavily on indirect, individual and subjective decision, it often tends to be over or underestimated. This paper adopted a closed Contingent Valuation Approach; if a respondent agrees on a specific price at the first stage that makes it possible to advance with an increased price to the second stage in which the respondent may accept the increased price. Then the respondent pays the highest price In the regression analysis, the Probit Model and the Logit Model is used in case that the dependent variable is considered as the appropriate selectable variable. The Tobit Model can be more of an appropriate model than the Probit and Logit in terms of describing the highest paying price at the second stage through the closed and contingent valuation approach.