정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

An Improved Speech Processing Strategy for Cochlear Implants Based on an Active Nonlinear Filterbank Model of the Biological Cochlea

Kim $^$, Kyung Hwan,Choi, Sung Jin,Kim, Jin Ho,Kim, Doo Hee IEEE 2009 IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering Vol.56 No.3

<P>The purpose of this study was to improve the speech processing strategy for cochlear implants (CIs) based on a nonlinear time-varying filter model of a biological cochlea. The level-dependent frequency response characteristic of the basilar membrane is known to produce robust formant representation and speech perception in noise. A dual resonance nonlinear (DRNL) model was adopted because it is simpler than other adaptive nonlinear models of the basilar membrane and can be readily incorporated into the CI speech processor. Spectral analysis showed that formant information is more saliently represented at the output of the proposed CI speech processor compared to the conventional strategy in noisy conditions. Acoustic simulation and hearing experiments showed that the DRNL-based nonlinear strategy improves speech performance in a speech-spectrum-shaped noise.</P>

수출입 컨테이너 장치장 배정을 위한 소프트웨어의 개발

김갑환,김홍배,홍봉희,김기영,배종욱,최진오,김두열,이영기,박영만,박강태,손행대 한국경영과학회 1995 經營 科學 Vol.12 No.3

The Pusan Container Terminal faces a rapid increase in berthing time of container ships as well as in waiting time of external trucks, which is due to an absolute lack of yard space. This research is focused on the development of a decision support system for the planning of the container terminal yard assignment so that the yard space would be utilized most effectively. Efforts should be given to the reasonable assignment of the yard storage and the dynamic adaptation to the ever changing environment. The software introduced here is based o the know-how of the field exports and its framework takes the approach of the hierarchical decision making.

A Study on the legal aspects of foreign investments in Korea

Kim, Doo Hwan金斗煥 숭실대학교 법학연구소 1993 法學論叢 Vol.6 No.-

안근성 중증근무력증이 동반된 갑상선 기능항진증의 임상상 : Report of Six Cases

서지영,김두만,김현규,최철수,임성희,유재명,최문기,유형준,박성우,김형철,송홍기,김덕환 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.4·5

電流 制御形 共振形 컨버터를 위한 大信號 및 小信號 모델

金倫鎬,尹炳道,尙枓換 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 1990 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.20 No.-

Recently resonant converter is being widely used and studied throughout the industrial applications. However, it is too difficult to understand the general conception of resonant converter because of the analysis of power circuits and various output control methods. This paper gives the general conception of resonant converter power circuits and describes the various output control methods. In this paper the pulse width modulation using discontinuous conduction mode is applied to a fullbridge series resonant converter to regulate the output from no load to full load with low switching loss and with a narrow range of frequency variation. Finally, a simple nonlinear discrete-time dynamic model for this converter is derived using approximation. This discrete time model is linearized and a general input - output transfer function for the converter is derived.

강상형 합성교의 지점부 다이아프램 응력산정에 관한 연구

김두환,박우영 서울産業大學校 2005 논문집 Vol.54 No.2

A study is carried out to evaluate the stresses for steel box girder support diaphragm using Finite Elements Method (FEM). This study include the stress characteristic, liner buckling mode and compared with experimental method for diaphragm design. The results from the Finite Elements Method (FEM) are compare with the results from experimental investigations and shown to give good agreement. Stress distributions in elastic range are shown in Section 3·4. The shear stresses were generally uniform in the outer plane, increased rapidly above the bearing. The horizontal direct stresses were generally low except in the vicinity of the bearing and opening corner where a local increase in compressive stresses occured. This was caused by the Poission Ratio effect of the large vertical direct stress in this region.

생물학적 유동층의 Media 충진량에 따른 미생물 농도 변화

김환기,최두형,박찬수 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1998 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.13 No.1

The variation of microbiological concentration with packed volume of media was examined in the biological fludized bed which has swirl flow. The TOC and HRT of synthetic wastewater was kept with 70 ㎎/ℓ and 1.6 hr in the reactor, respectively. The mean grain size of sand as media was 0.397 mm and its volume was packed from 20 % to 60 % in the reactor. The experiment results from the above conditions were the treatment efficiency of 87.5 to 93.7 %, the MLVSS of 2,360 to 3,860 ㎎/ℓ, and the microbiological concentration per g-media of 8.4 to 17.3 ㎎/ℓ. The detailed results are as follows. 1) The continuous operation was possible in the biological fludized bed which has swirl flow, not existing fludized bed. 2) The whole microbiological concentration in the reactor was the highest at packing the media volume of 40 to 45 % and the microbiological concentration per g-media was the highest at packing the media volume of 25 %. In the viewpoint of SS, the best packing volume of media was 35 to 45 % in that the separation of microbes were the lowest. 3) From SEM photographs, it showed as that cocci and bacillus adhere to and grow on the media surface

웨이블릿 변환과 확산코드를 이용한 워터마킹에 관한 연구

김현환,김두영 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2001 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.8 No.2

In this paper we presented a technique for embedding the secrete information of creator into the video to protect the copyright of digital contents. The embedding algorithms transform the image to be made watermarking to 3-level wavelet transform and decide the embedding position of watermarking by extracting code and then embed the watermark to the position through combine prepared watermark with watermark weights. The extracting algorithms transform original image and watermarked image t 3-level wavelet conversation and calculate differential value with each frequency band and then extract embedding watermark through the spread codes that have same value when it embed. The experimental results showed that the proposed watermarking algorithm was superior in quality to other similar watermarking algorithm and was robust to various attacks such as the JPEG lossy compression, the LSB masking, the brightness, the filtering etc.

Hydraulic Lifting System의 Suspension 장치의 피로특성에 관한 연구

김두환,어경홍 서울産業大學校 2005 논문집 Vol.54 No.2

본 시험에서는 Hydraulic Lifting System의 Suspension 장치 단면의 축소형인 평활시험체와 Pin-Hole의 거동을 파악하기 위한 조립시험체의 인장하중시험·피로시험을 통하여 인장력에 의한 응력상태와 하중-변위,하중-변형률의 데이터를 획득·축척하고, 피로균열의 발생원인과 강재료 및 구조체의 거동의 상관성을 분석하고, 이로부터 구조체의 안전성을 평가 실시함으로써 구조체의 장기 계획수립 및 공용기간 중 안정성을 확보하여 유지관리에 효율성을 높이기 위하여 실시하였다. 본 연구 결과, 인장하중시험의 경우 평활시험체와 조립시험체 모두 필요저항 하중을 크게 상회하고 변형도 미비하여 인장강도에 대하여 충분한 내하력을 지니고 있는 것을 알 수 있었고, 또한 피로시험에 경우에는 평활시험체는 피로하중이 3.5tonf~6.5tonf에서 400,000회 지속되어도 큰 손상이 발생되지 않아 내구력을 충분히 확보하고 있는 것을 알 수 있었고, 조립시험체는 피로하중이 20tonf~22.5tonf에서 150,000회 지속되어도 구조체에 큰 변형이 발생하지 않아 Pin-Hole에 국부적인 응력집중이 크게 발생되지 않음을 알 수 있었다.