정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Algal bioassay 에 의한 조류생장 제한영양염류 결정

오희목(Hee Mock Oh),이석준(Seog June Lee),김성빈(Seong Bin Kim),박미경(Mi Kyung Park),윤병대(Byung Dae Yoon),김도한(Do Han Kim) 한국하천호수학회 1998 생태와 환경 Vol.31 No.2

Determination of Limiting Nutrient for Algal Growth by Algal Bioassay. Oh, Hee-Mock, Seog June Lee, Seong-Bin Kim, Mi- Kyung Park, Byung-Dae Yoon and Do-Han Kim (Environmental Microbiology Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Taejon 305-333, Korea and Water Resources Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, Taejon 305-390, Korea) Water quaiity and algal growth potential (AGP) using Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated from April to September 1997 in Daechung Reservoir. Secchi disk transparency was 1.1 m in August. Chlorophyll-a concentrations were higher than 10㎍/l at all samples. Total phosphorus concentration was in a range of 0.020∼0.027mg/l which is at the approximate value of 0.03 mg/l, the general critical level of eutrophication. These results indicate that Daechung Reservoir is in an eutrophic state except some temporary times and restricted sites. Phosphorus uptake rate of M. aeruginosa was higher in the water from the epilimnion than in the hypolimnion and also higher under light condition than under dark condition. Therefore, phosphorus uptake rate appears to depend on cellular phosphorous content and light condition, a meaning of endergonic process. Phosphorus was the most frequently limiting nutrient: phosphorus was limiting algal gowth in April and May, nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements were the limiting factors for algae in August, and trace elements in September. If a fast growing alga, M, aeruginosa, is used as a test organism for assaying AGP, in vivo fluorescence instead of dry weight can be measured for algal biomass and incubation period can be reduced from traditional 14 days to 7 days.

현행 중등학교 과학 실험 , 실습 교육 실태 조사 및 그 운영 진단 (Ⅱ) : 고등학교 과학 실험 , 실습 교육을 중심으로

김영호,이윤종,정원우,강용희,양승영,윤성효,안병호,윤일희,권용주,임성규,오철한,기우항,전명남,김중욱 한국과학교육학회 1998 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.18 No.3

본 연구는 96년도에 실시한 우리 나라 중학교 과학 실험·실습 교육의 실태 조사 연구에 따른 계속 연구의 일환으로 고등학교 과학 실험·실습 교육의 실태를 조사하기 위한 것이다. 연구내용은 고등학교 과학 교과서의 분석, 실험·실습 실시 현황 분석, 현행 실험·실습 교육의 문제점 분석, 현행 학교 구성원들의 실험·실습 교육 운영 실태 조사 및 현행 실험·실습 교육의 개선을 위한 연구과제 도출을 주요 연구내용으로 다루었다. 연구방법은 전국의 고등학교 80개교를 대상으로 이들 학교의 학생 1,977명, 교사 165명, 학교장 80명에게 적용하였다. 본 연구에서 밝혀진 결과를 중심으로 우리 나라 고등학교 과학 실험 실습 교육의 정상화를 위한 실험 내적인 연구과제를 제시하면 다음과 같다. (1)교재 개발에 대한 연구, (2)실험 킷트 개발에 대한 연구, (3)교사교육 및 재교육 프로그램 개발에 대한 연구, (4)교실 밖 실험·실습 활동 프로그램 개발에 대한 연구, (5)과학 실험·실습 소재의 개발에 대한 연구. This study was accomplished to analysis and survey on the experimental and practical science education of high school in korea for the consecutive study of the an analysis and survey on the experimental and practical science education of middle school in korea(Lee, Yoon-Jong et al., 1997). The status of facilities, management for the experiment, practices, teaching methods in high schools have been investigated. The present status and reasonable management of the high school science education have been grasped from the questionaires. To do this 165 high school science teachers, 1977 students and 80 principals of high schools in Korea are administered questionaires of Science Education Research Institute of Kyungpook National University(1997). The results of this study are as follows : The reasonable management for experiments and practices of science education were scanty in the high school around the urban and rural school owing to the shortage of facilities and equipments, crowded class, excessive class works for teacher, excessive contents of present textbooks and insufficiency of the administrative supports etc. The current teaching method of high school science has emphasized knowledge. This fact does not satisfy the objective of learning due to lack of the teaching method. Desirable directions for the improvement of present status of high school science education were proposed in this paper.

디지털 위서 통신 채널의 비선형성 보상을 위한 신경회로망 등화기의 설계 및 평가

윤병문,김정희,임영선,진근식,신요안 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1995 論文集 Vol.25 No.2

A digital satellite communication channel has a strong nonlinearity with memory due to saturation characteristics of the high power amplifier in the satellite and transmitter/receiver filters used in the overall system, and can be well modelled by a nonlinear Volterra series. In this paper, we design and evaluate neural network based adaptive equalizers for compensation of nonlinearities in digital satellite communication channels. We consider CMLP (complex multi-layered perception). CRBFN (complex radial basis function network) and complex ρth order Volterra filter as equalizers, and evaluate their performances in terms of symbol error rate under various noise conditions. In particular, a complex hybrid learning algorithm of k-means clustering and LMS (least mean squares) algorithm is proposed for the CRBFN. Computer simulation results show good performance for all the equalizers considered

개에서 이중 결찰법을 통한 동맥관 개존증의 완치 예

윤헌영,정순욱,박희명,박철,정만복,김준영,한현정,황민,노병국,박상혁,장하영,박정윤 한국임상수의학회 2004 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

A ten months old, female Yorkshire terrier weighing 2.88 kg referred to veterinary teaching hospital of college of veterinary medicine, Konkuk University because of syncope, cough and dyspnea. First hematological and serum chemical test revealed thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, and increase of concentration of ALP (195 U/L). On 57 days later, second hematological and serum chemical test revealed polycythemia, increase of concentration of ALP (211 U/L), and Tchol (387 mg/dl). Right atrium enlargement, main pulmonary artery bulge and cardiomegaly (VHS = 11.5) were observed in radiographic findings. Ultrasonographic images showed both right and left ventricular dilation and turbulent flow between the descending aorta and the main pulmonary artery in color Doppler imaging. ECG showed left ventricular enlargement, SA block, and electrical alternant. Thoracotomy was performed through left fourth intercostal incision under isoflurane anesthesia. Patent ductus arteriosus was double ligated with 1-0 silk. Cough and dyspnea disappeared on 5 days after operation. Turbulent flow was not found in color doppler imaging of ultrasonography on 10 days after operation. Ten months later after the operation, syncope could not exist any more.

HM7 세포 표면 점액이 국소침윤 및 전이에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

윤완희,박혜덕,임규,황병두 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1998 생물공학연구지 Vol.6 No.-

Mucinous colorectal cancers have a poorer prognosis than which colorectal cancer produce low amount of mucin, but the exact mechanism is not well understood. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the exact mechanism of invasion and metastasis of high mucin producing colon cancer cells using mucin glycosylation inhibitor, benzyl-a-N-acetylgalactosamine. Materials and Methods: To evaluate the effect of glycosylated mucin on invasion and metastasis, in vitro invasion, metalloproteinases(MMPs) activity, cell-matrix protein binding, cell-cell aggregation, as well as endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule(ELAM-1) binding and cell surface expression of various mucin related antigens were analyzed. Results: MMPs activity in conditioned medium and invasion of ECM-coated porous filters by benzyl-a-GalNAc treated HM7 cells were decreased. There was no difference between control and treated HM7 cells in terms of matrix protein binding assay, but treated HM7 cells showed higher homotypic cell adhesion. The binding activity of treated HM7 cells to ELAM-1 was significantly decreased and fixed cell binding of MoAb SNH-3, 19-9(specific for sialyl-Lewis X and sialy-Lewis A) were also significantly decreased. Conclusion: These results suggest that glycosylated mucin modulates ELAM-1 binding, MMPs activity and homotypic cell adhesion, therefore enhance invasive and metastatic properties of human colon cancer cells.

Plus(+) Point Probe를 이용한 용접부 와전류검사

윤병식,남민우,김석곤,이희종,김용식 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1999 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.19 No.6

발전설비를 구성하는 주요 기기중 펌프, 발브, 배관 등의 용접부에 발생할 수 있는 균열 등의 결함을 검출하기 위한 plus-point 와전류검사탐촉자를 설계하여 결함을 검출하고 그 크기를 측정할 할 수 있는 검사기법을 연구하였다. 차동형 모드로 운전되는 plus-point 와전류탐촉자는 2개의 "I"자형 코일 이 십자형태로 교차되어 있으며, 탐촉자와 시험체 표면사이의 lift-off변화에 의한 영향이 재래식 표면 탐촉자에 비해서 작게 발생하는 특징이 있다. 결함에 대한 탐촉자 반응을 평가하기 위해서 304 스텐 인레스강 용접부에 인공결함인 균열성 노치를 방전가공하여 시험편을 제작하였으며, 이를 활용하여 plus-point 와전류탐촉자의 결함 검출, 종류 판별 및 크기를 측정할 수 있는 기법을 연구하였다. A plus-point eddy current test(ECT) probe was developed to examine the defects on the welds of pumps, valves, and pipings which are the major components of the electric power plants. non-destructive evaluation(NDE) techniques for detecting and sizing the flaws were studied adapting this probe. Differential plus-point ECT probe is consists of two "I"-type coils crossed each other and has an advantage having a small influence on the sensitivity by lift-off variation to the conventional types of probe. The specimens with crack-like electro dischrge machining(EDM) notches on the weld of type 304 stainless-steel were fabricated in order to evaluate the plus-point ECT probe response to the flaws. NDE techniques to detect and size the flaws and estimate the flaw type were established with this specimens.

解釋的 體驗과 敎育的 體驗

윤병희 한국교육과정학회 1996 교육과정연구 Vol.14 No.1

현재 교육이론은 고유한 이론적 맥락을 확보하지 못한채 실천이론이라는 명목하에 잡다한 '모학문'에 개념적, 방법론적으로 의존하고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 학문적 정체성의 위기에서 탈피하기 위해서는 '교육적 체험'의 고유한 구조를 개념화하는 일을 교육이론의 우선적 과제로 삼아야 한다. 이 연구는 이러한 점에 착안하여, Gadamer의 해석적 체험 이론과 장상호 교수의 교육적 체험 이론을 비판적으로 비교, 대조함으로써 교육적 체험에 대한 새로운 개념화를 도출하는 데에 도움을 줄 수 있는 시사점을 탐색하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위하여, Gadamer의 해석적 체험 이론의 핵심적 주제라 할 수 있는 대화 일반모형과 장상호 교수의 교육적 대화모형을 중심으로, 1)체험구조의 일반적 차이, 2)체험구조 안에서의 인간관계의 양상, 3)체험의 대상과 목적, 4)체험관계 형성의 배경, 그리고 5)체험관계에 개재되는 매기물이라는 다섯개의 하위 쟁점들을 비교, 분석하였다. 그 결과, 많은 공통점이 발견되었으나, Gadamer의 이론이 강조하는 체험의 존재론적, 역사적 속성과 장상호 교수의 이론이 드러내는 교육적 대화의 인식론적 속성은 부분적으로 대립되는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 대립상을 해소하고 더욱 명료하게 교육적 체험의 구조를 개념화하기 위해서는 많은 후속연구가 필요하다고 여겨진다. This paper argues that educatioanl theory should identify it's own theoretical context focusing on the concept of 'educative experience' itself. The identity crisis involoved in educational theory has been created by the passive methodological and conceptual reliance on other 'mother' disciplines. One of the most conspicuous examples of such crisis is the multi-faceted disciplinary approach, called the 'Reconceptualization' in the USA. Based on this critique of the current status of the field, this paper purports to gain a renewed understanding of the essence and nature of educative experience through critical comparison and contrast between H.-G. Gadamer's concept of 'hermeneutical experience' and Sang-ho Chang's 'educative experience.' Particulary, the latter is regarded as a central concept in his 'Reconceptualization' of educational theory. The two forms of experience are assumed to be 'commensurable' in that both of them deal with a number of fundamental issues such as 'interactive understanding', 'dialectical process in communication', and 'validation of truth and knowledge'. An in-depth analysis of Gadamer's concept of human experience in gereral in conjunction with his dialogical model and with Chang's concept of educational dialogue model reveals that they share critical commonality in terms of epistemological perspective but, at the same time, differ from one another in the ontological structure of dialogue itself. The major themes considered for the analysis entail such issues as general feature of the structure of experience, the mode of human interaction involved in the experience, the object or purpose of experience, and the problem of medium or text in the interaction. In the final analysis, it is proposed that we need a more structured disciplinary attempt to bridge the conceptural gap between the ontological or historical dimension emphasized by Gadamer's theory and the epistemological dimension of Chang's theory, so that a renewed critical understanding of educative experience itself can emerge. More thorough and sophisticated studieds are necessary for the restructuring of educational theories that can overcome the epistemological, methodological impasse of the existing attempts for theorizing educational phenomena and that can harmonize the ontological dimension with the epistemological dimension.

방향족 케톤에 있어서 카르보닐 신축진동에 미치는 치환기의 영향(ll)-3-페닐시드논

尹炳曦,洪淳瑛 漢陽大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1983 基礎科學論文集 Vol.2 No.-

페닐기에 치환기를 도입시킨 9종류의 치환 3-페닐시드논을 대상으로 하여 카르보닐 신축진동에 미치는 치환기의 영향을 적외선 분광 분석법으로 조사하였다. 다른 방향족 케톤에서와는 반대로 전자흡인치환기가 카르보닐 신축진동수를 감소시키는 결과가 나타났다. 또한 치환기와 신축진동수의 변화사이에 Hammett의 관계식이 잘 적용되었으며 치환기의 영향이 다른 방향족 케톤에서 보다 훨씬 큰 사실이 발견되었다. 이런 결과를 시드논의 특이한 분자구조와 관련시켜 고찰하였다. The correlation between infrared carbonyl stretching frequency with substituent in 3-phenylsydnone has been investigated. The Hammett rule was applied well to this correlation. However, in contrast with other aromatic ketones the carbonyl stretching frequency was decreased by electron-withdrawing substituents. This observation was rationalized by means of a structural feature of sydnone ring.

Carotid Siphon 질환의 경안와 초음파와 자기공명 혈관조영술의 진단적 가치

배희준,윤병우,노재규 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.1