방사선 치료를 받은 암환자에 대한 염색체 이상과 동위 효소에 관한 연구

김진영,김영진,김종봉 한국유전학회 1983 Genes & Genomics Vol.5 No.1

Dose response relationship between chromosome aberration and therapeutic irradiation was determined in peripheral lymphocytes obtained from cancer patients treated with therapeutic radiation. Enzyme activities and isozyme patterns as a biochemical genetic marker were also investigated in blood samples of cancer patients and normal group. Various types of structural aberrations of chromosome such as dicentrics, acentrics, ring chromosomes and chromatid breaks were observed in cancer patients. These types of aberrations were not usually observed in the normal cells. The frequencies of the structural aberrations ranged from 0.07 to 0.33 per cell according to the exposed doses. The incidence and prevalence of structural aberrations seen in cancer patients were consistently higher than those of control, suggesting the chromosomal effects of therapeutic irradiation. Isozyme patterns of cancer patients showed that enzyme activities and gene frequencies were found to be normal distribution except 6-Pgd isozyme. The heterozygosity of 6-Pgd in the cancer group was higher than that of healthy control.

Analysis of eco-corridor usage status of mammals in Odaesan National Park

Sang Jin Lim,Ki Yoon Kim,TaeJun Lee,Woo Chan Lim,Ji Hong Min,Hyeong Woo Ji,Baek Soon Choi,Tae Il Kim,Hyo Nam Kim,Hee Bok Park,Yung Chul Park 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2017 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.11

We investigated species, ecological pathway type, and mammal size using two eco-tunnels from trail-camera data. The analyses of the camera data showed that 12 mammalian species from 8 families of 5 orders used Jin-gogae eco-corridor (bridge type) and 14 mammalian species from 9 family 5 orders were found at Odaesan eco-corridor (tunnel type). At both eco-corridors, water deer used eco-corridor most frequently, and then secondly racoon dog did. The analyses by mammal size (small, medium, and large) showed that large-sized mammals were found in high ratio at the bridge type of the eco-corridors. In case of medium-sized mammals, utilization ratio of the tunnel-typed corridor was 42%, whereas that of the bridge-typed corridor was 24%, showing 1.8 times higher usage.

Analysis of monitoring Road-kill in Odaesan National Park

Sang Jin Lim,Ki Yoon Kim,Woo Chan Lim,Hyeong Woo Ji,Baek Soon Choi,Tae Il Kim,Hyo Nam Kim,Ji Hong Min,Hey Ri Kim,Eui Kyeong Kim,Yung Chul Park 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2017 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.11

We surveyed mammalian roadkill at the National Route 6 (Jin-gogae to Songcheon, 18㎞) and a local road 446 (Odaesan National Park office to Sangwon-temple, 12㎞) in Odaesan National Park. Data of the surveys were analyzed by year, month, and species. Roadkills of 226 individuals were found at the survey areas. Of them, the road-killed 131 mammal individuals, 44 bird individuals, 40 reptile individual and 11 amphibian individuals were found during the survey period. High ratio of the road-kills was observed in mammals than the other animals. Among mammalian species, high ratio of the road-kills was observed in squirrels. There were road-kills of three endangered species, containing otters, yellow-throated marten and leopard cats. According to the analyses of annual road-kills, roadkills of 104 cases were occurred and highly frequent in 2014, following by roadkills of 81 cases in 2015, and then those of 41 cases in 2016. Most ases of the roadkills occurred in summer (June to September). The results will contribute to establishing management for reduction of roadkill in Odaesan National Park.

광주광역시 치매의 유병률과 위험인자의 도시-농촌 지역 비교

신일선,김재민,윤진상,김석재,양수진,김웅장,이승현,강순아,곽지영,이형영 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.6

연구목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 광주광역시의 도시 및 농촌 지역에 거주하는 노인에서 치매의 유병률과 위험인자를 조사하고자 하였다. 부가적으로 이 두 지역간에 치매의 유병률과 위험인자를 비교하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 광주광역시의 전형적인 도시와 농촌지역의 65세 이상의 노인(N=1,598)을 대상으로, 2단계의 역학연구를 수행하였다. 1차 선별 단계에서는 38명의 훈련된 연구보조원이 대상노인을 면담하여, 사회인구학적 특징을 조사하고 한국판 간이정신상태검사(Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination ; MMSE-K)로 평가하였다. 2차 임상 진단 단계에서는 1차 단계에서 MMSE-K 점수가 24점 이하인 노인(N=431)을 대상으로, 전문연구팀의 임상적 평가를 통해 치매를 진단하고 원인질환별로 알쯔하이머병(Alzheimer's disease ; AD), 혈관성 치매(vascular dementia ; VaD) 및 기타 치매로 분류하였다. 대상노인에서 치매의 유병률을 측정한 후, 광주광역시 전체 노인의 연령보정 유병률을 산출하였다. 전체 대상에서 AD의 위험인자를 조사한 후, 도시와 농촌군으로 나누어 분석을 다시 시행하였다. 결 과 : 1차 및 2차 단계의 참가율은 각각 71.0%(N=1,134) 및 83.2%(N=410) 였다. 연구 참여 노인(N=1,134)에서 전체 치매, AD 및 VaD의 유병률은 최소 각각 9.7%, 5.2%, 1.8%였다. 광주광역시 전체 노인의 연령 보정 유병률은 각각 10.7%, 5.7%, 1.9%인 것으로 산출되었다. AD의 독립 위험인자는 고령, 여성, 무학이었다. 도시와 농촌에 따른 유병률의 차이는 파악되지 않았다. 그러나 AD의 위험인자는 지역에 따라 차이가 있었다. 도시 노인에게는 무학만이, 농촌 노인에게는 고령과 여성인 경우가 독립 위험인자였다. 결 론 : 광주광역시 노인에서 치매의 유병률은 높았고, 이는 국내 다른 지역에서 수행된 선행연구 결과와 유사하였다. 알쯔하이머형 치매의 위험인자는 도시와 농촌에 따라 다른 결과를 보였다. 본 연구 결과는 한국에서의 치매의 실태를 반영하며, 치매의 적절한 관리와 예방을 위해서는 지역성 특성이 고려되어야 함을 시사한다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate and risk factors of dementia in an urban and a rural sample of older persons in the metropolitan Kwangju area, Republic of Korea. In addition, the prevalence rate and risk factors of dementia between the two samples were compared. Methods : A two-phase epidemiological study of residents aged 65 or over(N=1,598) was conducted in a highly developed, urban and a non-contiguous, poorly developed, rural area of metropolitan Kwangju. In the first(screening) phase, 38 trained research assistants collectively peformed in-home interviews for all participants. Detailed sociodemographic characteristics were gathered and the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) was administered. In the second (diagnosing) phase, diagnosis of dementia was established for those scoring 24 or less on the MMSE-K in the screening phase(N=431), and etiological types of dementia were classified to Alzheimer's disease(AD), vascular dementia(VaD) or miscellanous type by two teams of experts. Prevalence rate of dementia was determined in the participants, and age-standardized prevalence rate adjusted by age distribution in metropolitan Kwangju was estimated. For AD, the risk factors were investigated in all participants, and analyses were repeated for the urban and rural samples separately. Results : The participating rates in the first and second phases were 71.0%(N=1,134) and 83.2%(N=410), respectively. In the participants, the prevalence rates of dementia(all types), AD and VaD were 9.7%, 5.2% and 1.8%, respectively. The age-standardized prevalence rates were 10.7%, 5.7% and 1.9%, respectively. Aging, female gender and no education(complete lack of formal education) were identified as independent risk factors for AD. No difference between the urban and rural samples was observed in the prevalence rates of dementia(all types), AD and YaD. However, risk factors for AD differed between these areas. In the urban sample, no education was the only significant factor ; whereas, aging and female gender were identified as risk factors in the rural sample. Conclusion : A high prevalence rate of dementia was observed among old persons in metropolitan Kwangju, consistent with previous studies conducted in other Korean areas. The risk factor profi1es for AD differed between urban and rural settings. The results of this study reflect the current status of dementia in Korea and suggests that appropriate management and prevention strategies for dementia should be tailored toward the geographic settings.

大學綜合試驗 出題에 關한 硏究

卞烘圭,吳鎭坤,申鎔鎭,金泳喆,鄭求福,柳哲鍾,洪允杓 全北大學校 1977 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

The Comprehensive Examination for the undergraduate students is planned to adopt the Jeonbug National University for the purpose of enhancing the quality of its educational outputs. In order to effectively measure and evaluate the level of student progress toward the minimun standard as the students who have finished their general education and basic education for their major field study, the university has decided to make an item pool related to the subjects for the examination. This study is an attempt to make good items of five required courses among general education subjects which are Korean Language, English, Korean History, National Ethics. and Natural Science and are expected to be the subjects of the examination. Instead of making those items separately from the regular examination during the academic semesters, the university plans to collect and use good items from the usual mid-term and final examinations of those subjects. A key concern, in this study, therefore, is to analyze all the items used for the mid-term and final examinations of those subjects during the regular academic semesters. From the data of an about 100 sample in each subject at each time of total three tests, the difficulty index, discrimination index, the response rate of students on each item, and other general descriptive statistics are calculated and then good items are pooled for the future use for the Comprehensive Examination. Anhother important concern in this study is this study is given to the collection and analysis of controversial issues and problems on the process of operating the examination at other universities where the Comprehensive Examination is already adopted. The data from four institutions and from opinions of six participants of this study are used. The following main findidings are summarized : 1. The items have generally shown to be easy while the degree of discrimination is low. 2. Among the five subjects, Korean Language shows the highest rate of right answer (difficulty index) while English the strongest one in the discrimination index. 3. When comparing two types of test between the multiple choice and the short-answer, the latter seems to be powerful in both difficulty and discriminative. 4. The only one question of essay type test reveals clear limitations in scoring and evaluating students progress. 5. All items are constructed under the consideration of content-referenced base, not of the basis on behavioral aspect. 6. The analysis of issues and problems related to the Comprehensive Examination suggests that it is acceptable to test in terms of required subjects of general education and a few most basic subjects of major areas of study. 7. The examination can be functionally operated when it is held at the end of the first year of and before the beginning of the second year of the college years. The length of the examination is usally held from three to five hours. 8. Since the examination should be existed on the idea of criterion-referenced base rather than of norm-referenced one because of its testing the qualification of the entering behavior of students for the further study in their major field, the standard of the pass-and-failure should be set on at least 60 percent of correct answers in each subject. But there must be provided at least two additional opportunities for the make-up examination for those who failed in the first one. 9. A special committee must be established in order to deal with all the details related to the Comprehensive Examination.

醫科大學生의 睡眠樣相과 性格特性

김욱,윤진상,이형영 大韓神經精神醫學會 1991 신경정신의학 Vol.30 No.6

This study was carried out in order to find out the possible relationships between sleep patterns and psychological characteristics. The subjects were 160 young normal students, 114 men and 46 women, aged 21∼25 years(21.64±1.31). Four aspects of sleep patterns(length, regularity, circardian rhythm and refreshed feeling at the time of awakening) were investigated, based on the sleep questionnaire, a sleep diary of two weeks and a Korean version of the morningness-eveningness questionnaire of Horne and Ostberg(1976). The subjects belonging to the two extreme groups of each aspect of sleep patterns(long vs. short, regular vs. irregular, morning vs. evening, refreshing vs. nonrefreshing) were compaired using the Korean version of MMPI(1989). The results were as follows : 1) With each sleep pattern, the long sleepers were 23(14.38%), short sleepers 16(10.00%) ; regular sleepers 105(65.63%), irreqular sleepers 19(11.88%) ; morning type sleepers 176(10.63%), evening type sleepers 17(10.63%); refreshing sleep 45(28.12%), nonrefreshing sleep group 27(16.87%). 2) There was no significant difference between the long- and short-term sleeping groups. 3) The irreqular sleeping group showed significantly higher scores than the reqular sleeping group in Hs(p<.01), Pd(p<.05), and Scsubscales(p<.05). 4) The evening sleeping groups showed significantly higher scores than the morning sleeping group in F(p<.05) and Hs subscales(p<.01). 5) The nonrefreshing sleep showed significantly higher scores than the refreshing sleep group in Hs(p<.001), D(p<.01), Hy(p<.001), and Pt subscales(p<.001).

유기용제에 장기간 폭로된 근로자의 정신의학적 기능과 삶의 질

김석재,강순아,유지숙,국승희,윤진상,문재동,이형영 大韓神經精神醫學會 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.5

연구목적: 본 연구는 Y공단의 제조공정에서 저농도의 유기용제(solvent)에 장기간 노출된 근로자의 정신의학적 기능과 삶의 질을 평가하고자 하였다. 방법: 총 142명의 남성근로자 중 유기용제에 폭로된 군(이하 폭로군) 82명과 폭로되지 않는 군(이하 비폭로군) 60명에게 간이정신진단검사(Symptom Checklist-90-R, SCL-90-R), 인지 및 정신운동성검사 (Critical Flicker Fusion Threshold. CFFT; Choice Reaction Time, CRT;Compensatory Tracking Task, CTT;Digit-Symbol Substitution, DDS) 및 한국판 스미스클라인 비챰 삶의 질 척도(Korean version of the SmithKline Beecham 'Quality of Life' Scale, KvSBQOL) 등을 적용하였다. 두 군간의 비교는 평가치의 평균에 대해 t-검증을 하였고 또한 연령과 학력을 공변인으로한 공변량분석(ANCOVA)을 하였다. 결과: SCL-90-R의 9개 증상 차원과 3개 전체 지표 점수는 두 군이 각각 정상범위였다. 그러나 신체화 (Somatization, SOM), 우울(Depression, DEP), 적대감(Hostility, HOS), 공포불안(Phobic anx-iety, PHOB)의 증상차원과 전체심도지수(Global Severity Index, GSI), 표출증상합계(Positive Symptom Total, PST)의 전체 지표는 폭로군이 비폭로군보다 유의하게 높았다. 인지 및 정신운동성 검사와 삶의 질은 두 군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론: 이상의 결과는 유기용제가 허용치 이하일지라도 장기간 폭로되는 경우에는 정신의학적 문제를 다소 일으킬 수 있음을 시사하였다. 중심단어:유기용제·근로자·정신건강·정신운동성 기능·삶의 질. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychiatric function and quality of life of the chemical workers who had been exposed to long-term, low-level organic solvents in the Y industrial complex. Method: A total of 144 male workers, of whom 82 were in the exposed group and 60 in the unexposed-control group, were evaluated by using Symptom Checklist-90-R(SCL-90-R), series of neuropsychological tests(critical flicker fusion threshold, CFFT) ; choice reaction time, CRT ; compensatory tracking task, CTT) ; digit symbol substitution test, DSS), and the Korean version of the SmithKline Beecham Quality Of Life scale(KvSBQOL). For the statistical analyses, comparisons of the means of the two groups were performed for each variable with two-tailed t-test as well as ANCOVA including age and education as covariates. Results: For the SCL-90-R, the nine symptom scales and the three global indices were clinically within normal range in both groups. However, the scores on the symptom scales of 'somatization','depression','hostility' and 'phobic anxiety', and those on the global indices of 'global severity index' and 'positive symptom total', were significantly higher in the exposed group than in the unexposed group. In terms of the neuropsychological function and the quality of life, there wes no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: These findings suggested that the long-term eposure to mixed organic solvents, even at the low level below the permissible exposure limit, might induce some psychiatric problems. KEY WORDS: Organic solvent·Worker·Mental health·Psychomotor function·Quality of life.

장기적 흡인 배액법을 이용한 척추 후방 기기 고정술 후 감염의 치료

김용민,김동수,최의성,손현철,박경진,김융성 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2003 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.13 No.2

연구 목적 : 척추경 나사못을 이용한 척추 후방 기기 고정술 후 심부 감염이 발생한 증례 들을 대상으로 관련 인자를 분석하고 Hemo-vac을 이용한 장기간의 폐쇄성 흡인 배액법을 통한 치료와 그 결과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1996년 5월부터 2001년 8월까지 척추후방기기고정술 후 심부 감염이 발생 한 5례를 연구 대상으로 하여 전신 질환 동반, 감염의 발현 양상을 조사하였고, 창상 세척 등 감염 수술 후 장기적 배액법을 이용한 치료 과정 및 최종 결과를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결 과 : 당뇨와 비만이 술후 심부 감염의 위험요인으로 분석되었다. 수술 환부로부터의 배농, 발열 등 감염 증상은 술후 평균 18.8(8-36)일에 발현되기 시작하였다. 일인당 단 1회의 세척술이 실시되었고 고정기기는 제거하지 않았다. 이후 평균 19.2일간의 지속적 흡인 배농 및 평균 43.6일간의 항생제 정맥투여에 이은 평균 33.8일간의 경구투여로 심부감염은 특별한 합병증 없이 모두 치료되었으며 양호한 임상적 결과와 후외방 골융합을 얻을 수 있었다. 결 론: 척추 후방 기기 고정술 후 발생한 심부 감염에 대해 창상의 세척 및 육아조직 제 거 후 항생제 투여와 Hemo-vac을 이용한 장기간의 장기적 흡인 배액법은 감염의 조절과 척추의 안정성을 동시에 얻을 수 있는 유용한 방법중 하나인 것으로 생각되었다 Purpose: Various treatment modalities have been applied to control deep infection after spinal instrumentation. Validity of removing implants to control the infection is still contro- versial because it may cause loss of spinal stability. Analysis of the inherent risk factors associated with deep infection and the efficacy of management with long-term suction drainage without removal of implants. Materials and Methods : Fiye cases of postoperative deep infection after posterior spinal fixation from May 1996 to August 2001 were investigated on combined general ill- ness, features of infection, various profiles on the management of infection with surgical irrigation and debridement followed by long-term suction drainage, and final outcomes. Results :Remarkable risk factors were diabetes and obesity. Evidences of infection such as discharge from the wound, dehiscence, or fever were observed on the average of 18.8th day postoperatively By only one additional surgical procedure for each patient followed by long-term suction drainage for mean 19.2 days and administration of intravenous antibiotics for average of 43.6 days, deep infections were controlled successfully without removal of implants and without any grave complications. All achieved favorable clinical results and posterolateral fusion. Conclusion : Irrigation and debridement accompanied by long-term suction drainage using Hemo-vac and administration of susceptible antibiotics seemed to be one of the effective methods to control deep infection after posterior spinal instrumentation and main than the postoperative stability of spine.

알칼리환원수 음용이 급성 염증성장질환 생쥐 모델에 미치는 영향

김단,김동희,등영건,최주봉,이규재 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2008 Applied microscopy Vol.38 No.2

알칼리환원수 (Alkaline Reduced Water: ARW)는 아시아를 비롯한 여러 나라에서 음용수로 사용되고 있으며 항산화효과와 장내이상발효 개선효과 등을 중심으로 안전성과 유효성의 검증이 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 알칼리환원수가 급성 염증성대장질환 (Inflammatory Bowel Disease: IBD) 동물모델에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해, ARW를 2주 동안 급이 시킨 후 4% DDS로 염증성 대장염을 유발시키고 대장의 길이와 조직병리학적 변화를 관찰하였다. 그 결과 대장의 길이와 육안적, 현미경적 질환점수의 수치가 대조군과 비교하여 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 이 결과는 DSS로 유도된 급성 염증성장질환 모델에서는 2주 동안의 ARW 급이가 개선효과를 나타내지 않았음을 말해준다. 그러나 ARW 가 장내환경을 개선시키고 위장관의 질환을 개선시키는 효과가 있음을 고려해볼 때 급성 IBD 동물모델이 ARW의 효과를 증명하기에 적합하지 않았거나 MARW의 급이기간이 장내환경을 개선할 만큼 충분히 길지 않았을 가능성을 추측해 볼 수 있다. 알칼리환원수의 장내이상발효 개선효과는 확인되고 있으나 그 기전은 아직까지 구체적으로 확인되어지지 않고 있다. 이번 연구결과에 의하면 인위적으로 유발시킨 급성 염증성 동물모델에서 ARW가 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았지만, 다른 장질환 모델을 이용한 효과 검증과 ARW의 장기 급이에 따른 효과, 그리고 ARW 가 장내환경에 미치는 작용기전에 대한 연구가 더 깊이 있게 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다. Alkaline reduced water (ARW) has been used for drinking widely in several countries of Asia. The safety and clinical effects of ARW has been reported including anti-oxidative effect and intestinal abnormal fermentation. To confirm the effect of ARW on DSS-induced acute inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mouse model, we observed the length of total large intestine and the histopathological changes after supplying mineral induced-ARW (MARW) for 2 weeks and oral administration of 4% DSS (dextran sulfate sodium). As the result, the length of total large intestine and the disease scores by macro and microscopical access in the ARWsupplied group showed no significant differences compared with those in the control group. This result suggests that the supply of ARW for 2 weeks exerted no effect on amelioration in the DSS-induced acute IBD model. However, in consideration of the effect of ARW on the improvement of intestinal environment and gastrointestinal disease, this result seems that acute IBD animal model is not suitable or the period of ARW supply is not enough to prove the effect of ARW. The ameliorative effect of ARW on the intestinal abnormal fermentation has been confirmed by some researchers, but the precise mechanism also remain unclear. In conclusion, although MARW had no effect on the DSS-induced acute experimental colitis model, further studies on the verification of the effects of ARW by using other intestinal disease model and by long-term supply of ARW will be required. Also, It needs to clear the mechanism of ARW on the intestinal environment.

중금속이온이 메탄 발생에 미치는 영향

김진국,조영일 연세대학교 대학원 1981 延世論叢 Vol.18 No.1

The effect of several heavy metal ions on the generation of methane in anaerobic digestion was studied using synthetic wastewater with variable conenctrations of the ions. The experimental results showed that the amount and the yield of methane production as well as the specific growth rate of cells were decreased as the concentration of the ions were increased. The specific growth rate of exponential growth phase was found to be expressed by a modified Monod equation containing an inhivition factor, a junction of the ions. And the lag time increment due to heavy metal ions was also expressed as a function of the concentration.