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국내 대기 중 독성 휘발성 유기화합물의 오염 특성(Ⅰ) : 측정방법론 평가 Evaluation of Sampling and Analytical methodology
백성옥,김미현,김수현,박상곤 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.2
This study was designed to investigate the characteristics of atmospheric concentrations of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOC_(s)) in Korea. Target compounds included 1, 3-butadiene, aromatics such as BTEX, and a number of carbonyl compounds. In this paper, as the first part of the study, the performance of sampling and analytical methods was evaluated for the measurement of selected VOC_(s) and carbonyl compounds in the ambient air. VOC_(s) were determined by the adsorbent tube sampling and automatic thermal desorption coupled with GC/MSD analysis, while carbonyls by the DNPH-silica cartridge sampling with HPLC analysis. The methodology was investigated with a wide range of performance criteria such as repeatability, linearity, lower detection limits, collection efficiency, thermal conditioning, breakthrough volume and calibration methods using internal standards. In addition, the sampling and analytical methods established in this study were applied to real field samples duplicately collected in various ambient environments. Precisions for the duplicate samples appeared to be comparable with the performance criteria recommended by USEPA TO-17. The overall precision of the sampling and analytical methods was estimated to be within 20-30% for major aromatic VOC_(s) such as BTEX, whereas the precision for major carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde was within 10-20% for field samples. This study demonstrated that the adsorbent sampling and thermal desorption method can be reliably applied for the measurement of BTEX in ppb levels frequently occurred in common indoor and ambient environments.
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국내 대기 중 독성 휘발성 유기화합물의 오염 특성(Ⅱ) : 계절 및 지역적 변동 Seasonal and Locational variations
백성옥,김배갑,박상곤 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.3
This study was designed to investigate the characteristics of atmospheric concentrations of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Korea. Target compounds included 1, 3-butadiene, aromatics such as BTEX, and a number of carbonyl compounds. In this paper, as the second part of the study, the seasonal and locational concentrations of atmospheric VOCs were evaluated. Sampling was conducted seasonally at seven sampling sites, each of them representing a large urban area (commercial and residential), a small urban area (commercial and residential), an industrial area (a site within the complex and a residential), and a background place in Korea. In general, higher concentrations were found in the petro-chemical industrial site than other sites, while VOCs measured in commercial (heavy-traffic) sites were higher than residential sites. Seasonality of VOCs concentrations were not so much clear as other combustion related pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, indicating that the VOCs are emitted from a variety of sources, not only vehicle exhaust and point sources but fugitive emissions. Except the industrial site, the concentrations of VOCs measured in this study do not reveal any serious pollution status, since the levels did not exceed any existing ambient standards in the U.K. and/or Japan. However, the increasing number of petrol-powered vehicles and the rapid industrialization in Korea may result in the increased levels of VOCs concentrations in many large urban areas in the near future, if there is no appropriate programme implemented for the control of these compounds.
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