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김희숙,문은주,여도수 공주영상정보대학 2002 논문집 Vol.9 No.-
The Subset Principle and UG in L2 Acquisition: the acquisition of reflexives by Korean students learning English. The fact that children learn which setting is appropriate for the language they are acquiring from the positive evidence rather than from negative evidence suggests that L1 acquisition should be achieved with positive evidence only. However, children may encounter a situation where they need negative evidence for disconfirmation. To overcome s problem, a learning principle called Subset Principle is proposed, and its potential application can be illustrated through a parameter-setting framework for Binding Principle called Governing Category Parameter(GCP) proposed by Wexler and Manzini(1987). This study examines whether the Subset Principle operates in L2 acquisition of reflexives by Korean students learning English as in L1, and if not what other factors are involved. The result shows that the Subset Principle does not seem to operate in their L2 acquisition, causing students to create interlanguage grammar placed somewhere between the superset L1 and subset L2. This suggests that teachers should provide sufficient and adequate evidence to help that resetting to take place successively.
김희연,홍진환,박혜경,한상배,박종석,이은주,이정성,송경희,최은희,최영준,소경아,성영제,이주엽 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-
본 연구는 분말상 원료(전분, 대두분)의 저장유통시 품질변화를 건전성과 안전성 측면에서 검토하여 식품의 기준 ·규격 설정f.」 합지적으로 반영하고자 하였다. 전분과 패두분의 이물을 검사하고, 2종 대두분(중국산, 미국산)을 ?0일간 IS'c와 30t에 저장하면서 성상, 수분, 산가, 과산화물가, 지방산 조성,아플라톡신 BB의 생성여부를 분석하였다. 중국산 대두분 30'』 저장군에서 50일 이후 곰팡이가 발생한 것 이외에 모든 시료에서 양호한 성상을 나타내었고, 전분과 대두닥 모든 시료에서 이물은 검출되지 않았다. 산가는 중국산과 미국산 시료간에 편차를 보여 증국산 30"C, 50일 저장시료에서 약 10배끙도 증가하였고, 과산화물가는 저장 90일후 15'E 저장군은 약 2.3배, 30'c 저장군은 3배정도 증가하였다. 대두분의 주요 지방산은 linoleic acidf18. 2), oleic acid(18 : 1), palmitic acid(16 : 0)이었으며, 3개월 저장에 따른 지방산 함량의 변화는 미미하였다. 아플라톡신 B₁은 모든 시료에서 검출되지 않았다. The objective of this study was to investigate auality changes of type raw materials(starch, soy flour) during various storage conditions. Starchflour(source of China, U.S.A) were slfred under two temperature(15'C, 30'c) forSensory evaluation, (o.reign material test, moisture content, acid value, peroxide ualue,composition, aflatorin Bi were analyzed. China soy flour(stor·ed 30'f) was contaminated by fungj on 50 days. Except for soy flour contardnated by fungi, sensory characteristics were not changed and foreign mater;als were notdetected. Acid value of China soy flour(stored at 30'C, 90 days) was about 10 times higherlevel before storage and acid value was more influenced by source(China, USA). Peroxide valuewas in proportion with the storage period slightly. The major fatty acid of soy flour waslinoleic acid(18 . 2), an(3 the change of fatty acid composition was not observed. Aflatoxlrl Blwas not detected.
Effect of Thickness on Electrical Properties of PVDF-TrFE (51/49) Copolymer
Kim, Joo-Nam,Jeon, Ho-Seung,Han, Hui-Seong,Im, Jong-Hyung,Park, Byung-Eun,Kim, Chul-Ju The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2008 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.21 No.10
In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) in the composition from 51/49, was deposited on platinum for a metal-ferroelectric-metal structure. From XRD patterns, the 70 nm- and 140 nm-thick PVDF-TrFE films showed the intensity peak of near $20^{\circ}$ connected to a ferroelectric phase. Moreover, the thicker film indicated the higher intensity than thinner one. The difference of the remanent polarization (2Pr) at 0 V is decreased gradually from 10.19 to $5.7{\mu}C/cm^2$ as the thickness decrease from 140 to 70 nm. However, when the thickness decreased to 50 nm, the 2Pr rapidly drop to $1.6{\mu}C/cm^2$ so the minimum critical thickness might be at least 70 nm for device. Both different thickness films, 70 and 140 nm, indicated that the characteristic of current density-voltage was measured for $10^{-6}{\sim}10^{-7}A/cm^2$ below 15 V and the thicker film maintained relatively lower current density than thinner one. From these results, we can expect that the electrical properties for the devices particularly ferroelectric thin film transistor using PVDF-TrFE copolymer were able to be on the trade-off relationship between the remanent polarization with the bias voltage and the leakage current.
Kim, Yong-Jae,Kim, Hack-Youn,Choe, Ju-Hui,Park, Jae-Hyun,Ham, Youn-Kyung,Yeo, Eui-Joo,Hwang, Ko-Eun,Kim, Cheon-Jei Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2013 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.33 No.1
The effects of adding goldenrod leaf powder (GLP) and goldenrod stem powder (GSP) (0.1% and 0.5%) to raw ground pork on antioxidant activity were examined. The following six treatment groups were used: Control (without antioxidant), GLP1 (with 0.1% GLP), GLP2 (with 0.5% GLP), GSP1 (with 0.1% GSP), GSP2 (with 0.5% GSP) and AS (with 0.05% ascorbic acid). The chemical compositions, pH values, instrumental color, conjugated diene (CD), free fatty acids (FFA) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) value were measured during 15 d of storage at chilled temperatures. The addition of GLP and GSP showed no effect on moisture, protein and fat contents of the samples. However, adding 0.5% GSP increased the ash contents of ground pork (p<0.05). The pH values of treated samples decreased until day 7, and then increased thereafter. The addition of GLP and GSP decreased the $L^*$ and $a^*$ values and increased the $b^*$ value (p<0.05). The CD, FFA and TBARS value of the control were higher (p<0.05) than samples containing GLP and GSP. The addition of GLP and GSP resulted in a significant decrease in CD, FFA and TBARS values. Overall, this study demonstrated that GL and GS could be used as an antioxidant of raw ground pork.
Kim, Yang-Tae,Lee, Jae-Jun,Song, Hui-Jin,Kim, Joo-Hyun,Kwon, Do-Hoon,Kim, Myoung-Nam,Yoo, Done-Sik,Lee, Hui Joong,Kim, Hye-Jung,Chang, Yongmin John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2010 Human psychopharmacology Vol.25 No.1
<B>Objectives</B><P>We investigate possible differences in neural correlates of empathy processing between abstinent methamphetamine (MA) abusers and healthy subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).</P><B>Methods</B><P>Nineteen abstinent MA abusers (mean age of 36.06 years, range 31–52 years) and 19 healthy subjects (mean age of 37.05 years, range 33–42 years) participated in this study. A visual fMRI activation paradigm was used, comprising a series of cartoons, each depicting a short story. There were two categories of stories: empathy (Empathy) and Physical causality (Physical). fMRI images were acquired using a 3.0 T whole-body scanner. All fMRI data were analyzed using MATLAB v. 7.2 and SPM5.</P><B>Results</B><P>Both MA subjects and controls exhibited activation in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. Despite this similarity in activation patterns, we found that the two groups differed in the activation of several cortical regions associated with the processing of empathy information. Hypoactivations of the orbitofrontal cortex, temporal poles, and hippocampus in MA abusers relative to healthy subjects suggests that the ability of empathic response could be compromised in abstinent MA abusers (p < 0.05, corrected for a small volume).</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>Functional impairments in the empathic neural network caused by MA may contribute to the misunderstanding of others and to the erosion of social interactions in MA abusers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
Kim, Chul Young,Ha, Dong-Gwang,Kang, Hyun Hee,Yun, Hui-Jun,Kwon, Soon-Ki,Kim, Jang-Joo,Kim, Yun-Hi The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.22 No.42
<P>New blue iridium complexes with a trimethylsilyl group as a bulky electron donating group, Ir(F<SUB>2</SUB>-<I>p</I>-trimethylsilyl)<SUB>2</SUB>(fptp) and Ir(F<SUB>2</SUB>-<I>m</I>-trimethylsilyl)<SUB>2</SUB>(fptp), were synthesized <I>via</I>μ-chloro-bridged dimer and perfluoropropylated triazole-based ancillary ligands and then characterized using various spectroscopic studies. Both Ir(F<SUB>2</SUB>-<I>p</I>-trimethylsilyl)<SUB>2</SUB>(fptp) and Ir(F<SUB>2</SUB>-<I>m</I>-trimethylsilyl)<SUB>2</SUB>(fptp) exhibited high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies of 75 ± 5% and 76 ± 5% in films, respectively. The DFT calculation demonstrated that the new blue iridium complexes have a wide bandgap compared with FIrpic and the Ir(F<SUB>2</SUB>-<I>p</I>-trimethylsilyl)<SUB>2</SUB>(fptp) with a trimethylsilyl group in the para position has a slightly deeper HOMO level than that of the Ir(F<SUB>2</SUB>-<I>p</I>-trimethylsilyl)<SUB>2</SUB>(fptp) with a trimethylsilyl group in the meta position. The UV-vis absorption and photoluminescent (PL) spectra of the complexes were blue shifted compared with those of FIrpic. The device using the Ir(F<SUB>2</SUB>-<I>p</I>-trimethylsilyl)<SUB>2</SUB>(fptp) exhibited a maximum external quantum efficiency of 19.3% (at 0.00152 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>) and commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.145, 0.247).</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>New blue iridium complexes with a trimethylsilyl group as a bulky electron donating group, Ir(F<SUB>2</SUB>-<I>p</I>-trimethylsilyl)<SUB>2</SUB>(fptp) and Ir(F<SUB>2</SUB>-<I>m</I>-trimethylsilyl)<SUB>2</SUB>(fptp) were developed. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2jm33084a'> </P>
Kim, Sang Hoon,Hui, Kwun Nam,Kim, Yong-Jin,Lim, Tae-Soo,Yang, Dong-Yeol,Kim, Ki Bong,Kim, Young Ja,Jang, Gwang Joo,Yang, Sangsun Elsevier 2016 Materials & Design Vol.94 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Pre-alloyed Al–Li powders having high Li content were fabricated using thermal dehydrogenation of LiH. This, together with a rapid solidification process (RSP), led to strong suppression of the vaporization of Li. The uniform distribution of the Li present in the Al matrix was proved by confirming the random arrangement of δ'-AlLi precipitates seen in the microscopic images in the qualitative analysis. Spectroscopic analysis provided quantitative results for the concentration of Li. The dehydrogenation from LiH to Li was determined by H/O/N measurement, density reduction, and thermal analysis. Herein, we present that Al–Li powders with pre-determined 3.45wt.% Li, can be prepared via thermal dehydrogenation with 5.00wt.% LiH (4.37wt.% Li), and that the resulting material could be used in high-performance powder metallurgical (P/M) applications for aircraft and aerospace structures.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Al–Li alloy having high Li content is prepared via thermal decomposition of LiH. </LI> <LI> Fabrication of pre-alloyed Al–Li powders is accomplished using RSP. </LI> <LI> Arrangement of δ'-AlLi precipitates in Al–Li alloy is confirmed by SEM and TEM. </LI> <LI> Al–Li powders are characterized by microscopic, spectroscopic, and physical analyses. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>