인천지역 TDI 노출 작업자에서 직업성천식 유병율

김형렬,김철우,홍윤철,전형준,김치년,김현수,이지나,신주연,고동희,노재훈 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : TDI는 직업성천식을 일으키는 대표적인 물질로 알려져 있다. 과거 TDI에 노출된 작업자들의 천식 발생률을 5~6%가량 보고하였고, 국내에서도 2-20%에 이르는 유병율을 보고한바 있다. 작업환경이 많이 개선되고, 노출량이 감소된 최근에도 TDI에 의한 직업성천식에 대한 보고가 많이 이루어지고 있어, 이에 대한 적극적인 조사와 진단과정을 통해 유병율을 구하고 질병발생의 변화양상을 파악해 보고자 하였다. 방법 : 인천지역에서 특수건강진단을 수행하는 2개 기관의 TDI 노출 근로자 400여명 중, 사업장의 규모가 50인 이상이며 사업주가 연구진행을 허락한 사업장에서 근무하는 근로자 중 직접적으로 TDI에 노출되는 작업에 종사하는 근로자 170명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 이들에 대해 설문지와 산업의학의사의 면담을 통한 작업관련성 평가를 근거로 정밀대상자를 선정하고 이들에 대해 메타콜린 유발시험, TDI 유발시험 등을 수행하여 직업성천식을 확인하였다. 결과 : 설문조사 결과 11명이 직업과 관련하여 천식증상을 보이는 것으로 나타났고(6.9%), 이중 7명에서 메타콜린 유발검사 양성소견을 보였다. TDI에 의한 특이유발시험 결과 1명에서 양성반응이 나타나, 이 집단에서 TDI에 의한 직업성천식의 유병율은 0.58%였다. 결론 : 과거 국내연구에서 TDI에 의한 직업성천식의 유병율이 2~20%에 이르렀던 데 비해, 본 연구에서는 0.58%로 나타났다. 이는 국외 논문에서도 나타나는 경향으로 작업장 노출량 감소로 점차 발생률이 감소하는 양상을 보이고 있다. 그러나 이미 증상이 나타난 근로자들이 부서를 옮기거나, 직장을 그만둠으로 인해 그 유병율이 과소평가되었을 가능성도 있다고 판단된다. Objecdives: This study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of isocyanate-induced occupational asthma in toluene diisocyanate (TDI) exposed workers. Methods: We examined 170 workers who had been directly exposed to TDI through a medical questionnaire, physical examination, and pulmonary function test. Based on screening examination, workers with suspected occupational asthma were selected for further evaluation such as methacholine and TDI challenge tests. Results: Eleven (6.9%) among 170 workers complained of symptoms of occupational asthma. and 7 among these 11 symptomatic workers showed positive responses to the methacholine challenge test (4.1 %). One spray painter was confirmed as having the TDI induced occupational asthma following a positive response to TDI challenge test. Conclusions: The prevalence of TDI-induced asthma was at 0.58% was lower than that for former studies (2-20%). Improved workplace environment, lower level of TDI exposure compared to the past, and the healthy workers effect may have contributed to this low rate of asthma prevalence in workers with TDI exposure.

인삼 선발계통의 지역적응성 검정

Bong Jae Seong,Sun Ick Kim,Ka Soon Lee,Moo Geun Jee,Su Dong Kim,A Reum Kwon,Hyun Ho Kim1,Young Chang Kim 한국약용작물학회 2017 한국약용작물학술대회 발표집 Vol.2017 No.05

Background : For cultivation of varieties of ginseng, the pure line selection method, which is to select the best among those cultivated in farms for pedigree breeding, replicated yield trials and regional adaptation trials before registering as a new variety, is widely used. Although there are 25 registered varieties of ginseng in Korea, the quality of ginseng is declining together with the amount of harvest being decreased by 15 - 20% due to the heat injuries and diseases from the warming & abnormal climate. Thus, the needs for development of disaster-resistant varieties with better chances of surviving through high temperature, salts and disease are increasing. Therefore, this study is to cultivate disaster-resistant varieties among those selected for their disaster tolerance and salt tolerance through regional adaptation trials. Methods and Results : As a result of examining the growth characteristics of the selected 2 - 5 year old varieties used in the study, among the 5-year old crops, Goryeo 4 and Eumseong 5 showed superior growth in both above and below aerial parts, and among the 4-year old crops, Eumseong 11 and Cheonryang showed superior growth while the growth in the below aerial parts were satisfactory in the order of Cheonryang > Eumseong 10 > Eumseong 11 > Eumseong 9. Among the 3-year old crops, the most superior growth in both above and below aerial parts was observed in Eumseong 14 with the weight of the below aerial part, root diameter and taproot length at 13.8 g, 11.8 ㎝ and 6.2 ㎝ respectively. Among the 2-year old crops, Eumseong 10 showed the most superior growth in both above and below aerial parts. Conclusion : Based on the above results, Goryeo 4 and Eumseong 5 among the 5-year old crops, Eumseong 11 among the 4-year old crops, Eumseong 14 among the 3-year old crops and Eumseon 10 among the 2-year old crops showed the most superior growth among the selected varieties. The growth characteristics of both above and below aerial parts in each year will continuously be monitored.

림프관 확장증형 모기질종 1예

김도현,김재욱,이지범,김성진,원영호,이승철 대한피부과학회 2003 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.41 No.2

Pilomatricoma is a benign adnexal tumor differentiating toward elements of the hair matrix and shaft. It typically presents as a solitary, deep, dermal nodule, but other variants, such as anetodermic form and pseudo-bullous form have rarely been reported. A 22-year-old man presented with erythematous 4×5㎝ sized bulla-like nodule of about 1 month history on the upper back. Histopathologic examination of the lesion showed a well-circumscribed dermal nodule composed of basophilic cells, shadow cells, and transitional cells. There were also marked lymphangiectatic dilatations above the tumor in the upper dermis. We diagnosed this case as a lymphangiectatic pilomatricoma with pseudo-bullous appearance. (Korean J Dermatol 2003;41(2) : 258∼260)

전자 매뉴얼을 위한 XML 문서 저장 스키마 설계

김지현,오성균 瑞逸專門大學 2000 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

일반 매뉴얼 제작 공정을 XML 문서를 기반 한 전자 매뉴얼 시스템으로 전환하는 과정에서 매뉴얼 제작 공정에 대한 분석과 문제점을 파악한다. XML 문서 설계 시 효율적인 문서 검색이 가능하도록 DFS 방문 순서에 의한 트리 구조 표현으로 적용하여 비분할 저장방식 문서 저장 시스템 설계로 XML 문서에서 추출할 수 있는 모든 정보를 엘리먼트 테이블과 경로 테이블에 저장하고, 질의 검색 시 필요한 고비용의 조인 연산을 줄임으로서 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 저장 데이터베이스 스키마 설계를 제시한다.

다차원 인덱싱 방식을 이용한 이미지 내용기반 검색 기법

김지현 瑞逸大學 1999 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

이미지를 위한 내용기반 검색 기법으로 다차원 인덱싱 방식을 제안하였다. 이미지 특징 추출 방법으로는 색상, 질감, 모양등이 있는데, 이미지를 구성하고 표현하는 요소로서 단일 색상(회색 레벨 이미지)과 밝기 함수만을 가정하였다. 또한 이미지 표현을 위한 패턴 인식중 2차원 모양 매칭 기법으로서 단순한 탬플릿 매칭과 특징 공간 기법을 소개하고, 내용기반 이미지 검색시 시간과 비용을 줄이기 위한 다차원 인덱싱 검색 기법으로써 색상, 질감, 모양 등 추출된 각각의 특징을 R-tree를 사용하여 분리된 특징 벡터에 매핑함으로써 성능을 개선하였다.

푸드뱅크 기탁식품의 안전성 확보를 위한 HACCP 제도 적용

김철재,박현신,배현주,이지해,양일선,강혜승 한국식생활문화학회 2002 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.17 No.3

The purpose of this study was to analyze the problems arising from the actual conditions of the Foodbank, and to implement the HACCP system as a solution in terms of increasing the safety of donated food within the Foodbank. In order to apply HACCP system, the entire Foodbank working process such as preparation, collection, transportation, division, and distribution was considered and analyzed to decide the application point for CCPs. Donated foods mainly consisted of processed foods, raw materials, lunch boxes, and cooked foods from mass catering establishments, which dominated over the others in terms of quantity. Cooked foods were divided into three groups based on menu-types and processing methods. Temperature, pH, and aw were measured on cooked foods, and Total Plate Count, Coliforms, E. coli, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and E. coli O157:H7 were conducted in order to apply a HACCP plan. Form these experiments, temperature, pH, and aw of donated food were likely contributed to microbial growth. Donated foods before HACCP implementation showed high numbers in terms of total plate count and Coliforms, both well over the acceptable standard levels. By setting the CCPs on maintenance of donated food below 10℃ and using a 75 ℃ reheating method, microbiological hazard levels were able to be controlled and lowered. From these results, it is concluded that in order to guarantee food safety, foods donated to the Foodbank must not only maintain a reasonable level of initial microbiological growth, but also must be handled properly through time and temperature controls within the Foodbank system. Furthermore, in terms of implementing the HACCP plan within the Foodbank management structure, basic food safety and sanitation measures, such as reheating facilities and various cold chain systmes such as refrigerated vehicle for food transportation are importantly needed. The training and education of Foodbank personnel and management in areas such as awareness of hygiene and safe food handling and practice are also required and necessary.

정신분열병 환자의 삶의 질과 정신사회적 특성과의 관계

김경진,설지환,백영석,김재현 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.5

Objectives : This study was to identify the relationship between quality of life and psychosocial characteristics in patients with schizophrenia. Methods : The subjects were eighty nine patients with schizophrenia according to DSM-IV. The Korean Quality of Life Scale (K-QLS) and the Korean modified Scale to measure Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptic treatment (KmSWN) were used to assess quality of life. The psychopathology of each patient was assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SAUMD) was used for differentiating presence and absence of insight. The Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), the Scale of Social Support (SSS), and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES) were used for assessing psychosocial characteristics. The correlation between the scores of each quality of life scale and other scales was examined, and multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the contribution of the scores of each quality of life scale to other scales. Results : The K-QLS score was significantly related to the scores of the PANSS, the SAUMD, the social conflict domain of the SSS, and the SOFAS. The KmSWN score was significantly related to the scores of the PANSS, the SOFAS, the social conflict domain of the SSS, and the FACES. In multiple regression analysis, the scores on the PANSS (32.9%), the SAUMD (5.8%), and the FACES (4.0%) were contributed to the score on the K-QLS, and the scores on the social conflict domain oftheSSS (17.3%) and the FACES (12.9%) were contributed to the score on the KmSWN. Conclusion : The relation between the K-QLS score and the scores of other scales means that the objective quality of life increases according to decreased the severity of symptom, the high level of insight and the socio-occupational function. And the relation between the KmSWN score and the scores of other scales means that the subjective quality of life increases according to the perceptions to the high level of social support, the low level of social conflict, and the high level of family adaptability and cohesion. The objective quality of life assessed by the K-QLS is affected primarily by the severity of symptoms, and the subjective quality of life assessed by the KmSWN is affected by the subjective perceptions of social conflict, family adaptation and cohesion. These findings suggest that the treatment of symptoms is important in the treatment of schizophrenic patients, but that it is also important to approach to the psychosocial characteristics to increase subjectivesatisfaction from the quality of life in them

난소화성 덱스트린이 흰쥐의 단백질과 지방이용률에 미치는 영향

김지현,왕수경 대전대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 自然科學 Vol.6 No.-

식이 중 난소화성 덱스트린이 휜 흰 쥐의 단백질과 지방의 이용율에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 Sprague-Dawely계 (평균체중 109g) 흰 쥐를 3군으로 나누어 control군으로 무섬유소군(NC), 섬유소간의 비교를 위해 5% pectin군(NP), 5% 난소화성 덱스트린군(ND)으로6주간 사육하였다. 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 실험기간중 식이 섭취량은 ND군이 다른 군보다 높은 경향을 보였으나 체중증가량과 식이효율은 ND, NP군이 NC군보다 낮았다 (p<0.05). 간, 비장, 신장의 무게는 각 군간에 유의적 차는 없었다. 그러나 부고한 지방은 NP군과 ND군이 낮은 경향을 보였다. 단백질 섭취량은 NP군이 높았고, 뇨중 단백질 배설량은 ND군이 높았으며, 변중 단백질 배설량은, NP, ND군이 NC군보다 낮게 나타나 결과적으로 단백질 흡수율, 보유율은 실험군간 유의적 차를 보이지 않았다. 변 중 지방 배설량은 NP군이 높았고 ND군도 NC군보다 높은 경향을 보였다. 지방의 흡수율은 NP군이NC군보다 유의적으로 (P<0.05) 적었고, ND군도 NC군보다 적은 경향을 보였다. 따라서 난소화성 덱스트린은 식이효율이 낮아 체중 감소 효과를 나타냈으며, 이는 단백질 이용율의 감소보다는 지방이용율의 감소의 결과로 나타난 것으로 보인다. 앞으로 당 대사와의 관계와 병행해서 연구되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. This study investigated the effect of indigestible dextrin on bioavailabilities of protein and lipid. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 108g were blocked into three groups; control diet (NC), control + 5% pectin (NP), control + 5% indigestible dextrin (ND). Experimental rats were fed ad libitum each of experimental diets for six weeks. The results are summarized as follows. 1) food intake was generally higher in ND group than in other groups and weight gain and food efficiency ratio were significantly lower in ND, NP groups than in NC group(p<0.05). 2) Weight of liver, kidney and spleen were lower in ND group than in other groups, epididymal fat pads was lower in ND and NP groups than in NC group. 3) Protein bioavailabilities was not significantly different in three dietary groups. 4) Fat bioavailabilities was significantly lower in NP group than in NC group(p<.05) and tended to be lower in ND group than in NC group. Accordingly, weight reduction shown in ND group seems to be resulted from the decreased fat bioavailabilities.

쑥 급여 돼지고기의 냉장저장 중 품질특성

김일석,진상근,송영민,하경희,김회윤,남기윤,류현지,하지희 한국국제농업개발학회 2004 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.16 No.4

쑥 분말 사료를 암돼지 및 거세돈에 첨가하여 그 수준에 따라 0%(T1, 암돼지, T2; 거세돈)와 1.5%(T3; 암돼지, T4, 거세돈)로 각 구별 45두씩 배치, 42일간 급여하여 생산된 돈육의 육질특성은 다음과 같다. 도체중량과 등지방두께는 73가 가장 낮았으며, 도체등급에서는 처리구간 유의차가 없었다(P>0.05). 쑥 분말 급여시 암돼지간(T1과 T3)에서는 조회분, 거세돈간(T2와 T4)에는 조지방 및 조회분 함량이 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). pH는 저장기간에 증가함에 따라 모든 처리구에서 감소하였으며, 쑥 분말 급여 처리구(T3와 T4)에서다소 높은 pH값을 나타내었다 드립감량은 처리구간에 일정한㎏/㎠경향을 나타내지 않았지만 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 높아졌다. 전단가(shear force, ㎏/㎠)는 T1을 제외한 모든 처리구에서 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 감소하였다. 명도와 적색도는T3가 T1 보다 다소 높은 수치를 보였으나, 거세돈간(T2와 T4)에서는 오히려 낫게 나타났다. 저장기간이 증가함에 따라 TBARS와 VBN값은 공히 유의적으로 증가하였으며(P<0.05),쑥 분말 급여 처리구(T3 및 T4)에서 유의적으로 더 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 지방산 분석결과, 포화지방산(saturated fatty acids)은 대조구에 비해 쑥 분말 첨가수준 증가에 따라 포화지방산은 높아지고 상대적으로 불포화지방산(unsaturated fatty acids)은 낮아지는 경향이 있었으나 유의차는 없고, 콜레스테롤의 경우에도 동일하게 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 전체적인 기호도는 신선육 및 조리육 공히 처리구가 낮은 점수를 얻었다. 향후 쑥 분말 급여에 대한 보다 많은 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. This study was carried out to investigate the feeding effects of mugwort powder on meat quality characteristics for 42 days. The results obtained were as follows; Carcass weight(㎏) and backfat thickness(㎜) of T3 showed the lowest compared with other treatments. Grade scores were not significantly differ among the all treatments. In the proximate composition, crude ash content was higher(P<0.05) in the T3 than that of T1, while, crude fat and crude ash contents in T4 were higher(P<0.05) than those of T2. pH values were tended to low as storage period extended, in particular, those values slightly higher in the T3 and T4. Drip loss(%) was tended to increase during storage. Shear force(㎏/㎠) in all samples showed the decreased during the storage, except for Ti. L^(*) and a^(*) of T3 were slightly higher than those of T1, while, T4 was lower than T3. TBARS and VBN of all samples were significantly increased(P<0.05) as storage period extended, those values significantly higher(P<0.05) in the T3 and T4. There were no differences in saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol of pork meat between control(T1 and T2) and treatments(T3 and T4). The sensory score of pork samples fed with mugwort power were lower than that of control(T1 and T2) in both fresh and cooked meat. Further studied are needs on the pigs fed with mugwort powder.

프로그램 분위기와 프로그램 관여도에 따른 PPL효과 연구

김정현,이명천,김지은 한국방송광고공사 2008 광고연구 Vol.0 No.78

This study is designed to investigate PPL effects by program mood and program involvement.An experiment was performed to test 4 hypotheses about the main effect of program mood on PPL and interaction effect of program mood and program involvement. 288 subjects were conveniently sampled and randomly assigned to experimental groups. This study adopted 2×2 factorial design by the program mood(positive vs negative) and program involvement(high vs low). The findings were as follows: Firstly, the main effect of program mood was supported. That is, the recall of PPL brand was significantly high when the program mood was negative. And the attitude toward PPL brand was significantly positive when it placed in positive program mood than in negative program mood. Secondly, program involvement and program mood caused interaction effect only to the recall of PPL brand. That is, the brand recall increased when the program mood was negative and the program involvement was low. However, program involvement and program mood did not cause interaction effect to the attitude of PPL brand. 급격한 매체 환경 변화로 촉발된 광고 환경의 변화로 인해 광고효과에 대한 의문이 제기되면서, 광고주 및 실무자들은 전통적인 광고의 약점을 극복하고 설득효과를 제고시킬 수 있는 새로운 방법을 모색하게 되었다. 이에 영화나 드라마 속에 제품을 제시하는 대표적 혼합 메시지라 할 수 있는 PPL(product placement)은 이러한 욕구를 충족시켜 주는 새로운 마케팅 수단으로 활용되고 있다. 본 연구는 국내외적으로 PPL의 활용빈도가 점증하고 있는 현실에 비해 PPL효과를 다룬 실증 연구들이 충분히 축적되어 있지 못한 국내 연구 현실을 고려하여 프로그램 분위기와 프로그램 관여도에 따른 PPL효과를 실험연구를 통해 알아보았다. 구체적으로 본 연구는 PPL효과(브랜드 회상과 브랜드태도)를 종속변인으로, 프로그램 분위기(긍정적/부정적)와 프로그램 관여도(고/저)를 독립변인으로 하는 2×2 요인설계방안을 채택하고 대학생을 대상으로 실험을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 긍정적 분위기보다 부정적 분위기의 프로그램에서 제시된 PPL의 브랜드 회상이 높게 나타났고, 부정적 분위기보다 긍정적 분위기의 프로그램에서 제시된 PPL의 브랜드태도가 높게 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구 결과를 토대로 프로그램 분위기가 PPL에 미치는 효과는 검증되었다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 프로그램 분위기와 프로그램 관여도가 PPL에 대해 상호작용효과를 유발하는가를 검증해본 결과, 브랜드 회상의 경우만 유의하게 나타나 부분적으로만 검증되었다고 할 수 있다.