B16 멜라닌 세포에서 해양소재 추출물의 멜라닌 생성 저해 효과

이찬 ( Chan Lee1 ),장정희 ( Jung Hee Jang ),안은미 ( Eun Mi Ahn ),박찬익 ( Chan Ik Park ) 대한본초학회 2012 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

Objectives : Under normal condition melanin protects the skin from extracellular stimuli including ultraviolet (UV)-induced oxidative skin damages, but excess production and accumulation of melanin can induce hyperpigmentation causing esthetic problems. Therefore, in this study we tried to search for natural skin whitening materials from marine natural resources. Methods : Water and ethanol extracts of marine natural resources were prepared from Porphyra thalli (PT), Laminariae thallus (LT), Ostreae concha (OC), Sargassum thallus (ST), Undaria thallus (UT), Codium thalli (CT), Enteromorpha thalli (ET), Syngnathoides biaculeatus (SB), and Hippocampus coronatus (Hc). Their effects against UVB and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanogenesis were investigated based on melanin formation in B16 mouse melanoma cells. The mRNA and protein expression of enzymes involved in the melanogenic process were further examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis, respectively. Results : Water extract of Ostreae concha (OCW/E) effectively inhibited UVB and α-MSH-induced melanin production in B16 melanocytes, which seemed to be mediated by inhibition of mRNA expression of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1). In another experiment, ethanol extracts from Porphyra thalli (PTE/E), Laminariae thallus (LTE/E), Sargassum thallus (STE/E), Undaria thallus (UTE/E), Codium thalli (CTE/E), Syngnathoides biaculeatus (SBE/E), and Hippocampus coronatus (HcE/E) significantly suppressed UVB and α-MSH-induced melanin formation. Furthermore, ethylacetate fraction isolated form LTE/E (LTE/EEt) decreased UVB and α-MSH-elevated extracellular melanin levels via inhibition of tyrosinase protein expression. Conclutions : These results suggest that marine natural resources such as Porphyra thalli, Laminariae thallus, Ostreae concha, Sargassum thallus, Undaria thallus, Codium thalli, Syngnathoides biaculeatus and Hippocampus coronatus have anti-melanogenic effects, thereby exhibiting high potentials to be utilized as one of the ingredients for the development of new whitening functional cosmetics.

Southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone due to Northern Hemisphere cooling at the Oligocene-Miocene boundary

Hyeong, Kiseong,Lee, Jongmin,Seo, Inah,Lee, Mi Jung,Yoo, Chan Min,Khim, Boo-Keun Geological Society of America 2014 Geology Vol.42 No.8

<P>The Mi-1 glaciation (ca. 23 Ma), which marks the Oligocene-Miocene boundary, was an aberrant cooling event that led to a build-up of the Antarctic ice sheet, which reached the near-modern volume (or greater) from its ephemeral or partial existence. An increase of ∼1‰ in the δ<SUP>18</SUP>O of benthic foraminifera during this interval has been attributed to the development of Antarctic ice sheets and deep-water cooling. Without definitive evidence, Northern Hemisphere (NH) glaciation has not been a material consideration for the δ<SUP>18</SUP>O increase. Here we investigate the interhemispheric temperature contrast during Mi-1, with the movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) at a site (10°31′N) in the East Pacific (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1333), to understand NH cooling and the possibility of NH glaciation. The measured <SUP>143</SUP>Nd/<SUP>144</SUP>Nd, <SUP>87</SUP>Sr/<SUP>86</SUP>Sr, and clay mineral compositions of eolian dust fractions indicate unequivocally the deposition of Asian dust during Mi-1, and of Central American and South American dust before and after Mi-1. This is attributed to the southward displacement of the ITCZ over Site U1333 during Mi-1. The ITCZ shifts toward the warmer hemisphere. Thus our results suggest that the cooling during Mi-1 was more significant in the NH than in the Southern Hemisphere, which underwent a sudden expansion of continental ice sheets. Our data call for a forcing mechanism to drive significant NH cooling during this episode. Based on the available data, we propose that the widespread growth of NH ice sheets and/or changes in the production of North Atlantic–origin deep water could be possible causes of the NH cooling at that time.</P>

ATHB12, an ABA-lnducible Homeodomain-Leucine Zipper (HD-Zip) Protein of Arabidopsis, Negatively Regulates the Growth of the Inflorescence Stem by Decreasing the Expression of a Gibberellin 20-Oxidase Gene

Ora Son,허윤선,김윤경,이현정,김성한,김미란,남경희,이명석,김부용,박종범,박정안,이석찬,Atsushi Hanada,Shinjiro Yamaguchi,이인정,김승기,윤대진,Eva So¨derman,천충일 Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2010 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.1

우리나라 논 관개용 지하수 수질 특성

김진호,조광래,임수정,이경자,경기천,엄미정,김희권,김찬용,이영한,이신찬,윤순강 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.4

This study was carried out to evaluate the status of the groundwater quality for paddy fields irrigation in Korea. Water samples were collected at 130 sites throughout the country. Samples were collected at three seasons-April, July and October-in 2000. According to our survey, the groundwater was found to be suitable for irrigation purpose. Average EC was shown 0.286 dS/m. Nitrate-nitrogen and Cl^(-) concentration was 5.6 ㎎/L, 32.95 ㎎/L which satisfied the Korean Standards for Irrigation Water. Nitrate-nitrogen concentration in each province was shown as following orders: Jeju (11.17 ㎎/L) > Chungnam (8.16 ㎎/L) > Gyeongbuk (6.64 ㎎/L) > Gyounggi (5.91 ㎎/L) > Chungnam (4.95 ㎎/L) > Gyeongnam (3.91 mgk) > Jeonbuk (3.50 ㎎/L) > Jeonnam (3.27 ㎎/L) > Gangwon (2.91 ㎎/L). The concentration by sampling seasons were October (6.62 ㎎/L) > July (5.88 mg&) > April (4.78㎎/L). As the soil of Jeju Province is usually derived from volcanic ash soils mainly used for upland drops, it may influence the nitrate-nitrogen concentration of groundwater. The amount of rainfall also influence the water quality. But the COD_(Cr), were shown April (3.17㎎/L) > July (2.91 ㎎/L) > October (2.40 ㎎/L), it is highly related in the basal dose of organic matter fertilizers. This study demonstrated that groundwater quality was suitable for irrigation, but continuous monitoring is recommended for agricultural policy and developing OECD agricultural environment indicators.

ATHB12, an ABA-lnducible Homeodomain-Leucine Zipper (HD-Zip) Protein of Arabidopsis, Negatively Regulates the Growth of the Inflorescence Stem by Decreasing the Expression of a Gibberellin 20-Oxidase Gene

Ora Son,허윤선,김윤경,이현정,김성한,김미란,남경희,이명석,김부용,박종범,박정안,이석찬,Atsushi Hanada,Shinjiro Yamaguchi,이인정,김승기,윤대진,Eva So¨derman,천충일 Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2010 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.1

수온 변동 자극이 양식 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 비특이적 생체 방어에 미치는 영향

이덕찬,김도형,김수미,강명석,홍미주,김현정,박수일 한국어병학회 2002 한국어병학회지 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구는 넙치에 대한 수온 변동 자극의 영향을 생체 방어적인 측면에서 검토하고자 하였다. 수온 변동 자극은 매일 18℃에서 25℃까지 상승과 하강을 반복하는 방법을 사용하였으며 그 기간은 30일간 지속하였다. 실험어는 온도변화를 주기 시작한 후 28일째까지 무작위로 채포하여 말초혈액 중의 백혈구 수, 전혈의 식작용능, 활성산소, 환원능, chemiluminescence(CL) response 및 lysozyme용균능과 같은 각종 비특이적 생체방어와 관련한 실험을 수행하였다. 수온 변동 자극을 주기 시작한 후 1일째부터 시작하여 1주일 이내에 약 18%의 넙치가 폐사하였으며 이후에는 대조구와 유사하였다. 또한, 수온 변동 자극을 준 실험구의 호중구 수는 2주째에 유의적인 증가를 보였으며, 림프구 수는 2일과 3일째에 감소하였으나 1주째부터 대조구와 유사한 수준으로 회복되었다. 실험구에서는 식작용 결과 식균율과 식균지수에서 이물질 투여 후의 반응이 늦게 나타났다. 식세포의 활성을 조사한 NBT reduction 실험에서는 실험 기간 동안 대조구와 유사한 경향ㅇ르 나타내었다. 또한, CL response의 경우, 실험구는 온도 변동 자극초기에 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 낮았다. 그리고, 식세포가 분비하는 용균성 효소인 점액 내 lysozyme의 활성은 실험 기간 동안 실험구에서 낮게 나타나는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 여러 가지 비특이적 생체 방어 반응의 저하 현상은 수온 변동 자극 초기에 나타났으며, 1주일 정도 지속하면 그 환경에 적응하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 이러한 현상은 이들이 초기 폐사 발생과 어떤 상관 관계에 있는 것으로 생각되었다. This study was performed to know the effects of stress nduced by the daily fluctuation of water temperature fro 18? to 25? up and down for 30 days on the defence mechanism of olive flounde,r Paralichthys olivaceus. To make clear the temperature stress on the defense mechanism of the tested fish, several factors of immune response such as counting of leucocyte appearance in periopheral blood, phagocytic activity in whole blood cells, nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT) reduction, chemiluminescence(CL) response, and lysozyme activity were investigated at 28 days after giving the change of water temperature. The fish was controlled under the none feeding condition during experimental period. Mortality of the tested fish was rapidly increased up to 22% within the first one week of the experimental period without any additional stress factors. The number of neutrophil of peripheral blood in the tested group was significantly higher than the control group at the 2nd week, but the number of lymphocyte was significantly lower than the control group at the 1st and 3rd day of the experimental period, respectively. In the NBT reduction test, the activity of macrophage in the control group fish was the highest on the 7th day while that in the tested group was on the 3rd day. Also, the phagocytosis of tested group against formalin killed cells was retarded compared with the control CL response of the tested group was significantly lower from 2nd to 5th day of the experimental period than the contro. The lysozyme activity of tested group was remained higher during the experimental period than the contro. Even through the tested fish showed different results in some non-specific factors of immune responses between tested and control group fish, olive flounder seems highly adaptable in repeated water temperature change in condition after one week under the given temperature fluctuation range

QRans Order : QR 코드를 이용한 다국어 간편 주문 시스템

권찬미, 이동주, 엄성용 서울여자대학교 컴퓨터과학연구소 2017 정보기술논문지 Vol.15 No.-

In this paper, we propose an automatic order system for restaurant customers, which utilizes QR code and provides multilingual menu and currency conversion. The system consists of 2 main parts : application for customers, web and application for restaurant managers/owners. The main functions of the system are described with captured screens in this paper. Customers use the smart phone application and QR code tag attached each table to make orders. The multilingual menu and various currency feature help the foreign customers to make orders easily. The orders made by customers are automatically displayed in the smart phone or tablet installed in the cashier count and kitchen. The orders can be managed using web based system. 본 논문에서는 최근 빠르게 도입되는 무인 주문 서비스를 적용하여 다양한 식당과 국내외 소비자를 대상으로 개발된 QR 코드를 이용한 <다국어 간편 주문 시스템>에 대해 설명한다. 개발된 시스템 ‘QRans Order’는 식당 고객용 스마트폰 어플리케이션과 식당 운영자용 관리자 웹 및 스마트폰 어플리케이션으로 구성되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 개발된 시스템의 주요 기능을 화면 구성과 함께 설명한다. 시스템 구현 결과, 식당 고객용 스마트폰 어플 리케이션은 테이블마다 마련된 QR 코드를 이용하기 때문에 직원을 부르지 않더라도 앉은 자리에서 간편하게 음식을 주문할 수 있다. 또한, 다국어 기능을 통해 외국인 고객들도 간편하게 메뉴를 보며 주문할 수 있으며 선택한 언어에 따라 환산된 가격 정보도 알 수 있다. 식당 운영자용 관리자 웹 및 어플리케이션에서는 주문이 들어올 때마다 즉각적으로 주문 내역을 확인할 수 있으며, 식당 정보 및 메뉴 관리, 매출 관리 등의 업무를 체계적으로 관리할 수 있다.

좌측흉수로 발현된 Boerhaave 증후군 1예

이준,변유미,조민근,조주연,원경준,김영대,박찬국,김만우,유재근,서홍주,이석기 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2008 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.2

구토 후 발생한 토혈을 주소로 내원한 환자에서 좌측 늑막 삼출 동반 시 식도 파열의 가능성을 고려하여 흉수 천자 및 지속적인 흉부 단순 촬영의 추적관찰이 필요하며 식도 파열이 배제된 후 환자의 생체 징후 및 토혈 양을 파악하여 내시경 검사 시기를 신중히 결정하는 것이 좋을 것으로 생각된다. 본 증례는 토혈을 주소로 내원하여 Mallory-Weiss 증후군 의심 하에 내시경을 통한 치료 시행 후 추적 관찰에 의해 진단된 Boerhaave 증후군을 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Boerhaave's syndrome is a spontaneous perforation of the esophagus most commonly resulting from a sudden increase in intraesophageal pressure combined with negative intrathoracic pressure caused by straining or vomiting. Surgery should generally be performed within 24 hours because mortality approached 30 to 50 percent in which surgery was delayed. Therefore, early diagnosis and prompt surgical repair are critical for survival. We have experienced a case of Boerhaave's syndrome in a patient presenting with hematemesis with left pleural effusion without any signs or symptoms of pneumomediastinum or pneumothorax.

영산강 하구역의 해양환경 변화

文美姬,曺炷煥,李文燦 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1991 自然科學硏究 Vol.14 No.1

In order to research the physico-chemical elements, such as water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, PO_4-P, transparency and suspended solids, were studied in the Yeongsan river estuary during a decade from 1980 to 1989. The variation of water temperature in the investigated areas was within the range of 2.22∼29.10℃. The salinity varied within the range of 5.87∼33.45‰ throughout the research period, and showed its maximum walue in February and its minimum in August. The salinity was clearly stratified between the surface and the bottom in summer. The salinity of the seaward water was greatly decreased temporarily as low as 5.87‰, in extreme case duo to influx of fresh water. The dissolved oxygen content was reduced in seaward water, but the sporadical oxygen saturated portions were appeared in the plankton-rich areas of the enclosed water. COD increased greately after the enclosure and was particularly high in summer. The concentration of SS and transparency were 48.6mg/l and 0.55m, respectively in 1980, but after the enclosure of the dam these changed remarkly to 8.65mg/l, 2.19m in 1984 as the result of reduced run off of the silt, clay matters and water. The relation coefficient between the concentration of SS and the transparency was calculated as S=86.4982-71.4837T(r=-0.9502) in 1980, but this was changed after the enclosure of the dam to S=22.0384-6.186T(r=-0.6879) in 1984. The concentration of PO_4-P decreased generally after the enclosure of the dam, and large amounts of nutrients discharged across the dam whenever there were bulk outflow of water. The PO_4-P was appeared low in spring in the enclosed water due to flourishing of phytoplanktons.

항원 흡입에 의한 비특이적 기관지과민성: II. 화분

김미경,엄재호,이동호,조명찬,이상도,윤세진,궁성수,김승택,이복희 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 1992 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.2 No.1

피부단자검사, RAST 및 항원 기관지유발검사(allergen bronchial provocation test, ABPT)결과 쑥, 잔듸, 나무화분에 감작된 기관지 천식 환자 13명을 대상으로 이들 화분이 비특이적 기관지과민도(non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness, NSBR)에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, ABPT시의 조기 및 후기 천식반응(early, late asthmatic response, EAR, LAR)이 NSBR 생성에 관여하는지와 각각 화분의 항원성을 비교하고자, 감작된 화분으로 ABPT를 시행하고, 이를 전후하여 메타콜린 기관지유발검사(methacholine bronchial provocation test, MBPT)를 시행하여 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 기저 폐기능상 기도 폐색을 보인 환자는 없었으며, 알레르기성 비염만을 호소하였던 환자 11명 중 4명(31%)은 MBPT에 양성반응을 나타내었으나, ABPT에는 11명 모두 양성반응을 보인 천식 환자였다. ABPT상 3명은 EAR, 2명은 ILAR, 8명은 LAR이였다. EAR만을 나타낸 경우는 ABPT 24시간 후 PC20이 감소하지 않고, 오히려 다소 증가하였으나, ILAR을 나타낸 환자들은 24시간 후 PC20가 감소하여 3일 후 기저치로 환원된 반면, LAR에서는 24시간 후 PC20가 현저히 감소하여, 2주 내지 6주 후에야 기저치로 환원되었다. LAR을 보인 환자들 중 쑥에 감작된 환자들이 목초 화분에 감작된 환자에 비해 Pc20의 감소기간이 유의하게 길었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 화분 흡입에 의한 LAR에 의해 NSBR이 악화되며 지속기간이 상당히 긴 것을 알 수 있다. 또한 화분 중 쑥의 항원성이 목초보다 상당히 강한 것도 알 수 있다. 더불어 화분에 감작된 알레르기성 비염 환자들의 대부분에서 천식이 잠재해 있음도 알 수 있다. 그러므로 향후 천식의 증상이 없는 화분에 감작된 비염환자라 할지라도 MBPT 및 ABPT를 시행하여 정확한 진단을 해야겠다. 본 연구에서 종래의 다른 연구 결과들과는 달리 쑥의 경우 ILAR의 경우도 NSBR을 악화시킴을 관찰하였는데, ILAR과 LAR의 차이가 단순한 기도폐색의 정도 차이인지, 기도 내에서 염증반응에 차이가 있는지는 향후 기관지 페포세척이나 조직 검사등을 통해 밝힘으로써, ABPT에 의한 NSBR의 발생 및 악화의 기전을 보다 확실히 규명할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a fundamental characteristics in bronchial asthma. The pathogenesis of bronchial hyperreactivity has not been clearly understood, yet. We studied non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness with methacholine inhalation sequentially afterallergen provocation in pollen such as, alder, grass and mugwort-sensitzed allergic asthma and/or allergic rhinitis to investigate if there is any relation between allergen exposure and bronchial hyperreactivity, and compare the allergenicity of each pollen. 3 of 13 study subjects showed early asthmatic reaction, but 8 of them showed late(dual) asthmatic reaction, and the other 2 showed intermediate late asthmatic reaction. Non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity was not increased in early asthmatic responder, however, it was increased upto 45 days after allergen inhalation in all late asthmatic responder and in intermediate late reactor, upto 3 days. In mugwort-sensitized late asthmatic responder NSBR decreased much longer than any others. Taken together, pollen-induced late asthmatic reaction is one factor which contributes NSBR in pollinosis patients.