레저스포츠 참여와 여가만족의 관계

김용인,정갑석,장호중,김정묵,정석현 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between participation in leisure sport activities of leisure satisfaction. To accomplish this research purpose, there were two research questions; Firstly, Is there difference on leisure satisfaction according to the participation in leisure sport activities?, Secondly Will the degree of participation in leasure sport activities influence the leisure satisfaction? The population for this study was participants in Leisure sports activity program located in Seoul. The final 227 responses (participation 163, non-participation 114), collected by cluster random selecting method, were used in the data analysis procedure. The items for measuring leisure satisfaction were largely based on Lee(1992)s study, and the degree of participation in leisure sport activities was measured by the period and frequence of participation. To analyze the final data (277), the reliability analysis, analysis of covariance, multiple classification analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used. The conclusions for this study were as followings; Firstly, leisure satisfaction is partially different by participation yes or no of the leisure sports activity. That is, leisure satisfaction is higher participation of leisure sports activity than non-participation Secondly, leisure satisfaction is partially influence by the participation of degree of leisure sports. That is, period and frequence are influence on leisure satisfaction.

조혈모세포이식 환자의 삶의 질에 대한 연구 : 화학요법 환자 및 정상인과의 비교

김병수,서재홍,최철원,김열홍,김준석,김정아,손상균,김재석,이경희,이제중,정익주,곽재용,안진석,이정애,박영석 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1999 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.4 No.1

연구배경: 조혈모세포이식후 신체 및 정신적 장애의 정도가 얼마나 환자의 '삶의 질(QOL)'에 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 외국에서는 연구들이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그러나 우리나라에서는 조혈모세포이식이 비교적 활발히 시술되고 있음에도 불구하고 이에 대한 연구가 미미한 실정이었다. 연구자 등은 우리 나라에서 조혈모세포이식을 받은 환자들의 QOL은 어떤지를 알아보고자 하는 목적으로 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 본 연구에 참여한 각 기관에서 조혈모세포이식을 받고 주된 치료가 끝난 후 1999년 2월 시점에서 최소 3개월이 지나고 관해상태에서 일상생활을 영위하고 있는 재생불량성 빈혈과 급성 및 만성 백혈병 환자들을 각각 자가 및 동종 조혈모세포이식을 시행받은 조혈모세포이식군(1군)과 항림프구 글로불린, 공고요법 등으로 치료를 끝낸 화학요법군(2군)으로 분류하고 연구자 병원에 내원한 건강한 환자 보호자들로 이루어진 정상대조군(3군)을 선정하여 각각의 QOL을 비교, 분석하였다. QOL의 측정은 EORTC QLQ-C30 문항을 우리나라의 실정에 맞게 번역하여 사용하였다. 결과: 조혈모세포이식군(1군)은 53명, 화학요법군(2군)은 57명, 정상대조군(3군)은 55명 이었고, 성별, 나이, 질환별 분포, 검사시점 등에서의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 각 군간의 QLQ-C30 평균 점수를 비교한 결과, 전반적인 삶의 질에서는 1군이 73.5, 2군이 51.7, 3군이 79.3으로 2군이 1.3군보다 낮았고 역할 및 사회기능은 각각 1군이 64.3/68.9, 2군이 57.6/70.3, 3군이 85.2/85.5로 1,2군이 3군에 비하여 낮았다.(P<0.01). 또한, 오심/구토가 1군은 8.7, 2군은 4.5, 3군은 3.2로 1군이 2, 3군보다 높았으며 통증은 1군은 17.0, 2군은 19.2, 3군은 9.6으로 1,2군이 3군에 비하여 높았다(p〈0.01). 기타 신체, 감정, 인식기능 및 피로에서는 각군간에 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 결론: 본 연구에 참여한 조혈모세포이식환자들의 전반적인 삶의 질은 화학요법을 받은 환자들보다 우월하면서 정상인들과 유사하였으나 역할기능 및 사회기증, 통증에서는 화학요법 환자들처럼 정상인들에 비하여 열악하였고 오심/구토는 화학요법 환자들 및 정상인에 비하여 심한 양상을 보였다. 그러므로 본 연구를 바탕으로 하여 국내 실정에 맞는 QOL 측정 방법을 개발하고 조혈모세포이식을 시행받는 환자들의 삶의 질에 관한 연구들이 향후 계속 진행되어야 하리라고 생각된다. Background: It is very important to endow patient with satisactory quality of life (QOL). However, little is known about QOL after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in Korea. In this study we tried to measure QOL in the patients treated with HSCT and compare QOL scores with those of patients treated with usual chemotherapy and normal populations. Methods: The QOL evaluation was performed with EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaires interpreted to Korean language. The study populations were consisted with 53 patients treated with HSCT (Group 1), 55 patients treated with usual chemotherapy (Group 2), and 55 normal populations (Group 3). The QLQ-30 scores of each group were evaluated and compaired with x² test. Results: Global quality of in group 1, 3 (score: 73.5, 79.3, respectively) were higher than that (score: 51.7) of group 2. Role and social function were lower in group 1, 2 (score: 64.3/68.9, 57.6/70.3, respectively) than those (score: 85.2/85.5) of group 3. The degree of nausea and vomiting was more severe in group 1 (score: 8.7) than those of group 2, 3 (score: 4.5, 3.2 respectively). Pain scores of group 1, 2 (score: 17.0, 19.2, respectively) were more higher than that of group 3 (score: 9.6) In other parameters of QLQ-C30, there was no significant difference between each groups. Conclusion: Our perliminary result may suggest that HSCT is not necessarily associated with deterioration of QOL. This underlines the necessity of undertaking perospective studies using reliable and well-validate methods for measuring QOL

약물치료 불응성 CAPD 출구감염에서 외측 Cuff 제거의 효과

정창화,김응석,김용섭,이정호 동국대학교 의학연구소 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

지속성 외래 복막투석은 현재 말기 신부전 환자에서 혈액투석과 함께 보편적인 신대체 요법중의 하나로 이용되고 있으나 이와 함께 CAPD에 관련된 합병증이 중요한 문제로 대두되고있다. 이들 합병증 중 출구 및 터널 감염증은 재발성 또는 지속적 복막염의 가장 흔한 원인이고 도관 제거의 주요 원인으로 되어있다. 이에 저자들은 4주 이상 약물치료에 반응하지 않는 불응성 출구감염이거나 반복적인 추구감염과 터널감염에서 외측 cuff 제거술(external cuff shaving)이 도관 이용 기간에 미치는 영향과 감염치료 효과를 평가하기 위하여 동국대학교 의과대학 부속 경주병원에서 1994년 4월부터 1998년 10월 31일 사이에 말기 신부전으로 CAPD를 시행하고 있는 환자 중 약제 투여로 치료되지 않는 출구 및 터널감염이 있어 CAPD 카테터의 외측 cuff 제거술(external cuff shaving)을 시행한 13명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 대상환자의 평균 연령은 45.5±12.8세였고, 남녀 비는 7 : 6 이었다. 외측 cuff 제거술 전까지CAPD 이용기간은 평균 21.7±8.0개월이었고 외측 cuff 제거 후의 CAPD 사용기간은 평균 17.63±6.26개월이었으며, cuff 제거술 시행하기 전에 출구감염 및 복막염의 빈도는 각각 0.68±0.87 회/환자-년, 0.88±0.35 회/환자-년이었으며 출구감염은 cuff 제거 이후 감소하는 경향을 보였다(p=-0.006). 그러나 복막염은 cuff 제거 이후 증가하였으나 통계학적으로 유의하지 않았다(p>0.05). cuff 제거술 이후 7예에서 결국 도관을 제거하였으며, 도관 제거의 원인은 출구 및 터널 감염의 재발 5예(71.4%), 약제 불응성 복막염 2예(28.6%) 등이었다. 이상의 결과에서 지속적 또는 약물치료 불응성 도관 출구감염으로 도관 제거가 필요한 복막투석 환자에서 도관 제거 이전에 도관 출구주위 피부를 절개하여 외측 cuff를 제거함으로써 복막염의 발생 빈도를 낮출 수는 없으나 CAPD를 비교적 장기간 유지할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) is a well established treatment modality for renal replacement therapy in end stage renal disease. The infectious complications associated with CAPD have been major problems in the management of CAPD. Of those the exit-site or cuff infection has become an important cause of catheter removal. To evaluate whether the shaving of external cuff is effective treatment in the patients with refractory exit site infection. Methods : We reviewed 13 patients treated with the shaving of the external cuff due to persistent or refractory exit site infection not responsive to adequate antibiotic therapies more than 4 weeks. This review of cases included 1994~1998 in the Dongguk University Medical College Hospital and special attention was given to catheter survival after external cuff shaving. Results 1) The male to female ratio was 7 : 6, and the mean age was 25.5±12.8 years. 2) The mean duration of CAPD before shaving was 21.68±7.97 months, and the underlying renal disease were chronic glomerulonephritis(30.8%), diabetic nephropathy(23.1%), hypertensive nephropathy(23.1%) and polycystic kidney(7.7%) 3) Of the organisms isolated from exit site infections, Staphylococcus aureus was the most common before and after the shaving with 53.9% and 15.4% of all culture positive infections respectively. Shaving and 0.68±0.87 and 0.28±0.35 after the shaving respectively. Conclusion : The persistent or refractory exit-site infection in CAPD patients have been treated by removal of infected catheter. However, with the above results, we found that the shaving of the external cuff in those patients can maintain the catheter for a relatively long period(mean 17.63±6.26 months, range 9~28 months). After the shaving of external cuff, the patients were clinically stable without a significant increase in exit-site infection or peritonitis.

설악·금강 기능배분을 통한 연계개발에 관한 연구

정석중 한국관광정책학회 2000 觀光政策學硏究 Vol.6 No.1

The historic summit in Pyongyang of South and North Korea's leaders makes a turning point in the relation between South and North Korea. Up to the present, South and North Korea have been at a war of attrition with mutual distrust and opposition, and it is a burden to the development of the nation. But the summit is expected to give a chance of solving the piled-up problems between South and North Korea. Also in the field of tourism, it is expected that South and North Korea interchange and cooperate with each other in earnest. The integrated development of Mt Sorak and Mt. Keumgang is being driven forward as the symbol of South and North Korea's cooperation. For the integrated development, mutual complement of each resource is the most necessary condition. It is estimated that the range of Mt. Sorak is superior in the rear markets and accomodations of tourism because surrounding cities are well formed, while Mt. Keumgang is superior in the scenery and resource of tourism. Therefore, we must proceed to develop Mt. Sorak and Mt. Keumgang efficiently through distributing functions complementarily, i.e. recreation facilities to Mt. Sorak and natural resources to Mt. Keumgang.

솔-젤법에 의한 Nb_2O_5-Fe_2O_3 혼합산화물의 제조 및 산 특성조사

정석조,양희정,권재범,이내우,우희철 釜慶大學校 2000 釜慶大學校 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

In this study, some of results from a study conducted on the preparation of niobium coated hematite particles to be used as a catalyst are presented.α-Fe_2O_3 (hematite) particles obtained by aging an acidic solution of ferric(Ⅲ) ions at high temperature were first prepared as core particles and synthesised by hydrolysis at high temperature with layers of amorphous niobium pentaoxide (Nb_2O_5) deposited by the hydrolysis of niobium pentachloride. The effects of varying molecular ratio of Nb/Fe (10/1, 5/1, 1/2, 1/5, 1/10) were studied. The synthesised particles were characterized for their physical and chemical properties using XRD, SEM, TPD, BET etc. The process of the surface coating showed heterocoagulation rather than surface nucleation and growth. A preliminary investigation of the acidic characterization and specific surface area of the synthesised particles showed that these particles can achieve an acidic characteristic changed and enhanced specific surface area of that of pure niobia and α-Fe_2O_3 prepared here.

동해안 어촌지역 관광활성화를 위한 해안관광개발에 관한 연구

정석중 한국관광정책학회 2000 觀光政策學硏究 Vol.6 No.3

East Coast fishing village are suffering economical problem due to a reduction in the amount of fish guotas as well as a reduction in the working area. Especially, we reach the point where it is necessary for the fishing village to promote fishing from a simple operation to a compound industry suitable to make the most of characteristics of particular region these days. In addition, it is necessary of fishing villages to provide a place for ocean culture to accept increasing number of space for demand in ocean leisure. Therefore, fishing village should make the most of east coast's pleasant natural environment, eco-system, and fishing village's souvenir to provide experience in the life of fishing village, ecology, and sales of souvenir to cultivate in fishing village tour that provides both lodging and food.

TNF-α 유전자형과 방광암과의 관계

정필두,김은정,엄민식,서정원,윤석중,김종석,이상철,김원재 충북대학교 의학연구소 2001 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.11 No.2

연구목적: TNF-α는 일부 종양의 종양화 과정과 관련이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 TNF-α 발현에 영향을 미치는 TNF-α 촉진자 -308 부위의 유전적 다형성이 방광암과 관련이 있는지 유무를 알고자 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 유전자 분석을 위하여 환자 113명 및 대조군 109명으로부터 혈액을 채취하여 genomic DNA를 분리한 후 PCR-RFLP 및 direct DNA sequencing을 통하여 TNF-α유전자의 다형성을 조사하여 방광암의 발생, 병기 및 분화도와 비교 검토하였다. 결과: TNF-α 촉진자 -308 부위의 유전형은 대조군에서는 GG형이 83.5%(90례 및 GA형이 16.5%(19례)로 관찰되었으며 AA형은 없었다. 환자군에서는 GG 형이 85.4%(97례), GA형 및 AA형은 각각 13.1%(15례)및 0.8%(1례)에서 관찰되었다. 두 군 모두에서 GG형이 가장 많이 나타났으며 다음으로 GA형을 보이고 AA형은 1례의 방광암 환자에서만 관찰되었다. -308부위의 경우도 두 군 사이에 유전자형의 차이는 없었다(p=0.259) 분화도별 분포를 보면 grade I이 20례, grade II가 49례, grade Ⅲ은 34례였고 병기별로 표재성인 경우가 90례였으며 침윤성은 14례였다. 분화도가 나빠질수록 GA형이 증가하였다(p=0.04). 그러나 병기와 TNF-α promoter -308부위의 유전자형 사이에는 유의한 상관 관계가 없었다(p=0.123). 결론: 방광암 환자의 혈액에서 GA genotype이 관찰되는 경우, 분화도가 나쁠 가능성이 매우 높기 때문에 좀 더 적극적인 치료와 세밀한 추적관찰을 함으로써 방광암으로 인한 사망과 암의 진행을 예방할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. Purpose : Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is involved in tumorigenesis of several cancers as an endogenous tumor promoter. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether genetic polymorphism of TNF-α promoter region (-308) was associated with human bladder tumor. Materials and Methods: The DNA from 113 and 109 respective blood samples of bladder tumor Patients and control group was analyzed by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and direct DNA sequencing methods to characterize the genetic polymorphism of -308 promoter region of the TNF-α gene in bladder tumor patients. We compared the association of bladder tumor with genetic Polymorphism of TNF-α promoter region(-308) in relation to the stage, grade, recurrence and progressio. Results : Eighty-six percents(97/113) of bladder tumor patients and 83.5% (90/109) of control group showed genotype GG at -308 region of TNF-α. Difference in genetic variations of TNF-α promoter (-308) did not exist between bladder tumor patients and control group(p=0.259). Tumor grade was significantly related to the GA genotype (p=0.04). The higher is the grade in bladder tumor, the more frequent was the GA genotype. Tumor stage, recurrence and progression were not significantly associated with genetic polymorphism of TNF-α promoter region (-308). Conclusion: The GA genotype of TNF-a promoter region (-308) had a significant impact on TNF-α production and was related to higher grade tumor compared to GG genotype. TNF-α serum levels in bladder tumor patients were significantly higher than controls. These data suggested that TNF-α might involve the tumorigenesis of the bladder rather than treatment or prevention of bladder tumor.

마이크로 엔드밀링에서 음향방출 신호를 이용한 상태감시

정연식,강익수,김전하,강명창,김정석,안중환 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Ultraprecision machining and MEMS technology have been taken more and more important position in machining of microparts. Micro endmilling is one of the prominent technology that has wide spectrum of application field ranging from macro parts to micro products. Also, the method of micro-grooving using micro endmilling is used widely owing to many merit, but has problems of precision and quality of products due to tool wear and tool fracture. This investigation deals with state monitoring using acoustic emission(AE) signal in the micro-grooving. Characteristic evaluation of AE raw signal, AE hit and frequency analysis for state monitoring is also presented in the paper.

소아청소년 복합만성질환자 수 및 진료비의 변화: 2011-2021년 건강보험청구자료 분석

오정윤,조수진,정진선,조진숙,박춘선 건강보험심사평가원 2023 HIRA RESEARCH Vol.3 No.2

Background: The number of children and adolescents has decreased by more than 3 million over the past 10 years. We analyzed changes in the number of children and adolescents with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) and their medical expenditures between 2011 and 2021. Methods: We used National Health Insurance claims data of patients under the age of 20 from 2011 to 2021. CCCs were classified as pediatric CCCs by Feudtner et al. Patients who repeatedly utilize medical services due to CCCs were defined as patients who sought medical care twice or more within the past 3 years. Their sex, age, CCC categories, and the number of CCC categories were presented using descriptive analyses. Results: The number of children and adolescents with CCCs increased from 345,320 (3.04%) in 2011 to 451,238 (5.33%) in 2021. Patients who repeatedly utilized medical services due to CCCs increased by 71,889 during the same period. The proportion of patients with two or more CCC categories increased from 35.80% in 2011 to 43.67% in 2021. In 2021, patients with other congenital or genetic defect were most common. Medical expenditures associated with CCCs increased from 475,654 million won (12.34%) in 2011 to 768,467 million won (19.11%) in 2021. Conclusion: The number of patients with CCCs and their medical expenditures increased in Korea between 2011 and 2021. The results indicate that consistent national efforts are required to maintain the specialized pediatric care. Further studies are needed to identify pediatric patients who require specialized medical services through various methods.

사염화탄소로 유발된 간손상에서의 효소 활성도의 변화로 본 홍화자 분획물의 간손상 보호 작용

정춘식,정기화,정정숙 德成女子大學校 藥學硏究所 1999 藥學論文誌 Vol.10 No.1

본 연구소에서는 사염화탄소로 유발된 간손상에 대한 홍화자 메탄올 추출물과 이를 계통 분획한 분획물의 보호 효과를 이미 보고하였다. 본 실험에서는 혈장과 조직 생화학적 분석으로 홍화자 분획물의 간보호 효과를 확인하며, 간보호 작용에 대한 기전을 살펴보기 위하여 약물 대사 효소에 미치는 영향을 측정하였다. 홍화자 butanol subfractions 중 BS-5 분획물은 CCl_4로 간손상을 유발시킨 흰쥐에서의 혈장 ALT와 AST 활성과 간조직 중 cholesterol and triglyceride를 감소시켰으며, 이러한 BS-5 분획물의 CCl_4로 유발된 간손상에 대해 보호 작용은 cytochrome P450 감소와 glutathione S-transferase의 활성 증가에 기인된 것으로 생각된다. Previous studies have shown that methanol extract and its butanol fraction of Carthamus tinctorius L. Semen have the hepatoprotective effect on the CCl_4-induced hepatotoxicity. The hepatoprotective effect of subfractions has been evaluated by analyzing blood and hepatocyte biochemical analyses and biotransformation enzyme analyses. Treatment of BS-5 subfraction has significantly decreased the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. In addition, the levels of cholesterol and triglyceride in liver have been decreased as compared with that of CCl_4 treated rats. The hepatoprotective effect of BS-5 subfraction on the CCl_4-induced hepatotoxicity would be mediated of the attenuation of the level of cytochrome P450 and the enhancement of the activity of glutathion S-transferase.