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Is 5´-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Both Jekyll and Hyde in Bladder Cancer?
김원재 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2015 International Neurourology Journal Vol.19 No.2
The 5´-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of cellular metabolism and energy homeostasis in mammalian tissues. Metabolic adaptation is a critical step in ensuring cell survival during metabolic stress. Because of its critical role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, AMPK is involved in many human diseases, including cancers. Although AMPK signaling was originally characterized as a tumor-suppressive signaling pathway, several lines of evidence suggest that AMPK plays a much broader role and cannot simply be defined as either an oncogenic regulator or tumor suppressor. Notably, several recent studies demonstrated that the antitumorigenic effects of many indirect AMPK activators, such as metformin, do not depend on AMPK. Conversely, activation of AMPK induces the progression of cancers, emphasizing its oncogenic effect. Bladder cancer can be divided into two groups: non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). The molecular mechanisms underlying these two types of cancer are distinct: NMIBC is associated with activation of the Ras pathway, whereas MIBC is characterized by loss of major tumor suppressors. Importantly, both pathways are connected to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. In addition, our recent metabolomic findings suggest that β-oxidation of fatty acids is an important factor in the development of bladder cancer. Both mTOR and β-oxidation are tightly associated with the AMPK pathway. Here, I summarize and discuss the recent findings on the two distinct roles of AMPK in cancer, as well as the relationship between bladder cancer and AMPK.
김원재,임종수,손우성,안희철,이봉진 한국자기공명학회 2008 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.12 No.2
HP1298 (Swiss-Prot ID ; P65108) is an 72-residue protein from Helicobacter pylori strain 26695. The function of HP1298 was identified as Translation initiation factor IF-1 based on sequence homology, and HP1298 is included in IF-1 family. Here, we report the sequence-specific backbone resonance assignments of HP1298. About 97% of all the 1HN, 15N, 13Cα, 13Cβ, and 13CO resonances could be assigned unambiguously. We could predict the secondary structure of HP1298, by analyzing the deviation of the 13Cα and 13Cβ shemical shifts from their respective random coil values. Secondary structure prediction shows that HP1298 consists of six β-strands. This study is a prerequisite for determining the solution structure of HP1298 and investigating the structure-function relationship of HP1298 . Assigned chemical shift can be used for the study on interaction between HP1298 and other Helicobacter pylori proteins.
우리나라 공공하수처리시설 및 가축분뇨공공 처리시설의 인(P) 유입부하량에 대한 총량평가
김원재,Kim, Weonjae 대한상하수도학회 2018 상하수도학회지 Vol.32 No.4
The annual total phosphorus load caused by public wastewater, nightsoil and livestock manure treatment facilities in Korea has been examined macroscopically. Annual domestic average phosphorus (P) inflows through the income of phosphate rock for the last five years (2012 - 2016) were analyzed as 76,598 tons/year. As of the year 2015, the total loadings of phosphorus attributed to public wastewater treatment facilities, nightsoil treatment facilities and livestock wastewater were estimated as 30,269 tons/year, 1,909 tons/year and 18,138 tons/year, respectively. Considering the amount of phosphorus imports, the annual phosphorus load from wastewater, livestock wastewater and excretions is equivalent to 39.5%, 23.7%, 2.5% and totally 65.7%(39.5% + 23.7% + 2.5%). Therefore, the introduction of phosphorus recovery and recycling processes for the public wastewater and livestock manure treatment facilities has been found to be effective because it could reduce the import amount of phosphate rock by up to 60% or more.
역설계 기반의 군용 특수 트럭용 중간변속기 개발에 관한 연구
김원재,문태상,이일랑,이재우,나경운 한국군사과학기술학회 2019 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.22 No.6
The transfer case for special truck are usually produced by only a few specialized companies. The special technical data are not unveiled. In order to complete the development successfully, it is necessary to carry out the compatibility tests such as the running test on the vehicle, which is the test condition of the military vehicle. In this research, transfer case the core-component of the ‘230 mm K-MLRS’ has been developed with the reverse engineering and the prototype is developed through structural analysis. The transfer case developed through this research is currently used in the ‘230 mm K-MLRS’. The development process In this research are useful in the development of similar products.