HIV 감염자에 대한 달팽이 엑기스의 혈액면역학적 효과

조영걸,이희정,오원일,강은숙,김은순,김영봉,조양자,조군제 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

A unique sialic-acid-binding lectin from giant African snail Achatina fulica(AF) has a T cell mitogenicity. It was also noted that acetone extracts of AF have a anti-HIV effect in vitro. Thirty HIV-infected individuals(HIV+) were treated with AF extract(40% Chunho extract) for average 5. 5 months. Peripheral blood sampling and questionnaire were done every month after take. There was a significant decrease of WBC from 4 months after take. As a result, lymphocyte counts also decreased(P<0.01). However, there was a significant increase of CD4+T cell percentage from 1 month(P<0.01). The mean increase of CD4+T cell count was significant for first one month(39/pl)(P<0.05). Body weight also increased significantly(P<0.05). Over 90% HIV+ ex-pressed symptomatic improvement and wanted to be treated with AF extract continuously after the end of this study. In one HIV+ treated with AF for 19 months, the increases of CD4+T cell percentage and counts over 11 times after AF extract take were mean 67% and 85%, respectively, compared to baseline value. These data strongly suggest that aqueous AF extract has a immune enhancing effect on HN+.

측두골 골절 : 임상적 및 방사선학적 분석 Clinical and Radiological Analysis

조성원,최순관,조성진,김범태,신원한,윤일규,변박장 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

The objective of this study is to review of the incidence of temporal bone fractures and complications resulting from temporal bone fractures and to analyze the correlation between clinical and radiological findings. A series of 49 patients who were diagnosed temporal bone fracture with rhinorrhea, bloody otorrhea, admitted to Soonchunhyang University Chon-an Hospital from January 1997 to September 1999, were studied retrospectively. Clinical analyses were focused on age, sex, type of accident, external wound site, CSF leakage, hearing loss and facial nerve palsy. The high resolution CT scan consisted of a series of 3-mm thick sections through the temporal bone using the GE CT scanner (General Electric Inc.). In radiologic analyses, fracture types of temporal bone were divided into longtudinal fracture(LF), transverse fracture(TF) and mixed fracture(MF) respectively. The CT scans were examined for mastoid antral haziness(MH), middle ear cavity haziness(MeH), ossicular chain disruption(OD), otic capsule fracture(OF), pneumocephalus(Pn). The type of facial canal fracture was classified as fracture of internal auditory canal portion(FIAC), fracture of perigeniculate portion(FPG), fracture of tympanic portion(FT), fracture of mastoid portion(FM). The correlation between clinical and radiological findings was analysed. A total of 49 fractured temporal bones resulted in 9 CSF fistula, 23 hearing loss( 13 conductive type, 7 sensorineural type), 17 facial nerve injuries ranging from mild paresis to complete paralysis. The mose common etiology of the injury was from a motor vehicle accident(28%). The type of fracture observed on high resolution CT scanning was a LF in 39(78%) patients, a TF in 7(14%) patients and a MF in 3(6%) patients. The majority of fractures terminate in the floor of the middle cranial fossa in LF and passed lateral to the otic capsule in TF. Average time of onset of delayed facial palsy was 3.5 days. No patient developed prolonged otorrhea or meningitis during hospitalization and there was no requirement of surgical management. Hearing loss was the most common complication of temporal bone fracture(48%). Conductive hearing loss was associated with middle ear cavity haziness and ossiclular chain disruption. in temporal bone CT. A total of 29 cases facial canal fracture in temporal bone CT resulted in 14 perigeniculate portion(FPG), 12 tympanic portion(FT), 3 mastoid portion(FM). There was no correlation between radiological facial canal fracture and clinical facial nerve palsy. Four of 17 patients with facial nerve injury required facial nerve exploration under general anesthesia. We thought that prognosis and therapeutic planning in patients with temporal bone fractures were based on the clinical and radiological findings.

Clinical Significance of Classification of Graves` Disease According to the Characteristics of TSH receptor Antibodies

(Won Bae Kim),(Hyun Kyung Chung),(Young Joo Park),(Do Joon Park),(Hong Kyu Lee),(Bo Youn Cho) 대한내과학회 2001 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.16 No.3

N/A Background:It has been widely accepted that the epitope (s) and/or functional characteristics of thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TSHRAb) from Graves` patients are heterogenous among patients. However, the clinical significance of such heterogeneity has not been systematically evaluatedyet. We were to elucidate and find the clinical significance of heterogeneity for TSH receptor antibodies in Graves` disease. Methods:We measured stimulating TSHRAb (TSAb) activities using CHO-hTSHR cells, FRTL-5 cells and chimeric receptor expressing cells (Mc1+2 and Mc2), specific blocking TSHRAb (TSBAb) activities using Mc2 cells and TBII activities using porcine thyroid membrane in 136 patients with untreated hyperthyroid Graves` disease. Results: Based on various TSHRAb activities from each patient, the patients could be categorized into 7 subgroups by cluster analysis; 1) Group 1 (n=41) was characterized by moderate TSAb activities bothin CHO-hTSHR cells and in FRTL-5 cells, typical TSAb epitope, rare blocking antibodies and high TBII activities. 2) Group 2 (n=16) was characterized by the presence of blocking TSHRAb in most patients, albeit the other characteristics were the same as those in Group 1. 3) Group 3 (n=19) patients had low TSAb activities bothin CHO-hTSHR cells and in FRTL-5 cells, seldom had blocking TSHRAb, but they had high TBII activities. 4) Group 4 (n=30) could be categorized as `mild disease` group, as they had low activities in all kinds of TSHRAb assay and had low antim icrosomal antibody activities. 5) Group 5 (n=14) was characterized by moderate TSAb activities with atypical epitope (s), rare blocking TSHRAb and moderate TBII activities. 6) Group 6 (n=10) patients had veryhigh TSAb activities with typical epitopes, seldom blocking TSHRAb and low TBII activities. 7) Group 7 (n=6) was characterized by very high TSAb activities with atypical epitopes and high TBII activities. Pretreatment serum thyroid hormone level was low only in group 4 patients compared to the other 6 groups (p<0.05). The size of goiter was significantly larger in those in group 1 and group 3 (p<0.05) compared to the other 5 groups. The prevalence of clinically significant ophthalmopathy was higher in group 2 patients than the other 6 groups (50%vs.27.5%,p=0.06). Among 6 kinds of TSHRAb activities, only the blocking TSHRAb activity was significantly associated with the presence of ophthalmopathy in multivariate analysis. Conclusion:These results suggest that the differences inepitopes for TSAb or the presence of blocking TSHRAb is not a major factor in determining the degree of thyrotoxicosis in Graves` disease. Although the pathogenic mechanism is not clearyet, we suggest that patients with ophthalmopathy have different TSHRAb repertoire from those without ophthalmopathy in Graves` disease.

숯가루와 송염으로 난치병 예방 및 치료에 대한 문헌연구

조원민,김귀원,조영희 釜山大學校 師範大學 1999 교사교육연구 Vol.41 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate on the disease prevention and treatment by charcoal and perfect salt. There are many medicine treatments to cure disease. Some treatments were useful to cure and some were useless. Those were limitations in medical treatments. In some diseases many doctors have been abandoned the patients to cure inspite of all efforts, but in the natural therapies, many patients got better to normal body conditions. Chacoal and perfect salt was investigated among the many natural therapy.① These two therapies were successful to cure the surgery and internal diseases. The methods of treatment were drinking water with the powder in internal diseases and using the powder packs in surgery. The effects of charcoal and perfect salt was both useful to clean up the blood and made got the men healthy to prevent and cure the diseases. In charcoal the reaction time in absorption and excretion was rapid. In perfect salt, electric actions maintain the proper pH7.4 and full vitality on metabolism, nerve system and muscles. So these were the source to make the healthy men and prevent and treat the diseases.

망막전위도의 전력 산출

원철호,조진호,김상하,임정훈 경북대학교 의학연구소 1999 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.3 No.1

주파수영역에서 망막전위도의 총전력을 계산하고, 시간영역에서 망막전위도의 면적을계산할수 있는 프로그램을 개발함으로써 전기생리학적 진단의 효능을 향상시키는데 목적을 두었다. 총전력은 망막전위도 신호를 Fourier 변환을 이용하여 주파수 영역의 신호로 바꾼 다음 스펙트럼의 제곱을 적분함으로써 구하였다. 우세전력은 우세주파수의 전력으로 이부분의 전압을 제곱후 적분하여 얻은 값이다. 원하는 부분은 수동입력하여 구간주파수의 제곱적분을 할 수 있게 하였다. 이 소프트웨어는 시간 영역에서 진동양소파의 진폭의 합 및 면적도 구할 수 있는 기능을 가졌으며, 사용자에게 편리하도록 그래픽 환경 하에서 마우스와 팝업 메뉴에 의하여 각 기능들이 작동되며, UTAS-E2000 시스템과도 상호 호환성을 갖고 있다(한안지 38:817∼823, 1997). The Calculation of the Electroretinographic Power Chul Ho Won*, Jin Ho Cho, Ph.D.**, Sang Ha Kim, M. D., Jung Hoon Lim, M. D. To promote the electrophysiologic diagnostic efficiency, the program for calculation of the total power in the frequency domain and of the area in the time domain of the electroretinogram was designed. The total power is calculated by integration of the squared power spectrum obtained by Fourier transform (Parseval theorem) in the time domain. The dominant power is the power of the dominant frequency in power spectrum and is calculated by integration of the squared peak area spectrum. The sectional integration of the square power spectrum can be established by manual input. The implemented software also has the functions that calculate the summed amplitude and area of the oscillatory potentials in the time domain. And it performs each functions by selection of pop-up menu with mouse to use conveniently under graphic interface, compatible with UTAS-E2000 system (J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 38:817∼823, 1997).

야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

유우석적천인관계론관규(劉禹錫的天人關係論管窺)

조원 ( Won Il Cho ) 한국철학사연구회 2012 한국 철학논집 Vol.0 No.33

천인관계에 대한 문제에 있어서 당대 중기의 유우석의 견해는 한유나 유종원의 견해와는 확연하게 구분되는 경향을 보인다. 그의 문집 가운데에서 하늘과 인간의 관계에 대한 논문을 찾아볼 수 있는데, 주로<천론>상, 중, 하편 등에 산재되어 있다. 유우석은 양한시기 이래로 계승되어 온 “천인감응론”에 반대의 입장을 견지했을 뿐만 아니라 “천명결정론”에 대해서도 확고하게 반대의 입장을 나타냈다. 유우석은 하늘에 의지가 있다는 것을 인정하지 않았고, 또 인간의 힘으로 바꿀 수 없는 “천명”이란 것이 존재한다는 것도 믿지 않았다. 유우석은 만물은 모두 음양의 이기(二氣)를 타고 형태를 얻게 되며, 하늘과 인간 역시 그러한 존재라고 생각했다. 또한 그는 하늘의 기능과 인간의 기능 사이에는 어떠한 상관관계도 없다고 보는 한편 이 둘은 서로 평행선의 관계를 이루고 있다고 보았다. 유우석은 하늘에는 그 자체로서 자연의 법칙과 기능이 있는 것이고, 인간사회를 위해서 객관적인 생존의 조건을 제공하며, 인간사회 역시 그 자체로서의 규범과 기능이 있어서 자연에 대해서 적극적인 이용을 통하여 그것을 정복해나간다고 하는 등의 “천인교상승”론을 적극적으로 주장한다. 이상과 같은 유우석의 천인관계론의 내용을 만물은 기에 의해서 생성된다고 하는 것과 하늘과 인간은 서로 바탕으로 삼는다는 것 그리고 천명의 부정 등등의 문제를 중심으로 분석해보도록 하겠다. About the Tian-Ren relations problem of middle age of Tang Dynasty seating with a view of the apparent distinction between the views of Han Yu & Liu Jong Wen tend to be. In his books of papers on the relationship between heaven and human beings to be found, mostly<Tianlun>low, medium, high etc are interspersed. Liu Yu Xi seats that have been passed down since the time of the Liang Han Dynasty “Tian-Ren Ganying lun” not only adhere to the position of “Tian ming jueding lun” about the position was firmly opposed. Liu Yu Xi will have seats in the Tian and did not acknowledge that, and no human power can change the “Tian ming” did not believe that there is such a thing.

葉適의 思想에 대하여

趙東元(Cho Dong­won) 동양사학회 1979 東洋史學硏究 Vol.14 No.-

MR Polsihing에서 알루미나 슬러리를 이용한 Si₃N₄세라믹스의 고정도 표면향상에 관한 연구

이정원,김동우,조명우,조원승,신영재 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

Silicon nitride Si₃N₄ is a leading ceramic for structural applications due to its superior properties at high temperature. It is very difficult-to-grind ceramics with high efficiency because of their high strength, hardness and brittleness. In this paper, ultra-precision surface for Si₃N₄ ceramic were using MR polishing method. MR Polishing experiment were using the magnetorheological fluid and Polishing abrasives are Al₃O₃. Polishing experiments were under various polishing conditions by changing a magnetic field force, wheel speed and polishing time. Polishing surfaces were observed analyzed by non-contact type 3-dimensional surface roughness measurement equipment. As a result, MR Polishing method can give excellent surface roughness, and surface roughness was obtained Ra=1nm.

전자상거래 활용사례와 무역업체의 나아갈 방향

조원길(Won-Gil Cho) 한국관세학회 2000 관세학회지 Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of the paper is to conduct a quantitative analysis about the economic effect of electronic commerce by utilizing the constructing the internet method. As a result, the information retrieval cost savings by connecting to the internet by telephone saved about 353,700 won. The new findings suggest that a dedicated line to electronic commerce can save 420,600 son of information retrieval costs and 319,900 won of brokerage expenses and physical distribution expenses. The paper analyzes the new findings of value, business management, and the impact on profitability in terms of effectively constructing a corporate image and the increase of potential buyers, improvement of corporate competitiveness, and the number of inquires. The paper limits the applicability of the study to larger companies because smaller firms generate too few samples of mail, interviews and e-mail. Furthermore, because of the improvement of the intra-firm business method, unnecessary repeated manual paperwork and the long-term and indirect effects of maintaining close relationships with the trading parties this paper applies some limitation to measuring only as scales not as coefficients. The paper concludes that firms using electronic commerce have difficulty enjoying a uniform identical effect. the paper holds that the government, the academic community and the business world must invest the time and money to revitalize electronic commerce in the research and development field.