뇌졸중 노인을 돌보는 주간호제공자의 부담감과 예측요인 : 한방병원 입원 노인을 중심으로

유수정,김신미,이윤정,박연환 노인간호학회 2004 노인간호학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing burden in primary caregivers caring for an elderly person who has had a stroke. Method : A convenience sample of 124 primary caregivers of elderly people with a stroke admitted to an oriental medicine hospital participated in this study. Interviews were done with a standardized questionnaire including Caregiver Burden Scale (Chang, 1995). Result: Average burden score was 93.19, indicating a moderate to severe level of burden. Time-dependent burden had the highest score of the sub-domains. For general characteristics, the factors significantly influencing caregiver burden were gender and age of the elderly person, age and educational level of the caregiver, whether living together or not, and the presence of another caregiver. Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that level of ADL of the elderly person, relationship between the elderly person and the caregiver prior to the stroke, caregivers' relation to the elderly person and primary income were significant factors in explaining variance in overall burden. Conclusion : Recognition of high levels of caregiver burden and factors influencing burden will allow us to develop different nursing strategies to decrease caregiver burden in those caring for an elderly person with a stroke.

梅泉의 交遊를 통한 意識世界 硏究

柳年錫,黃秀貞 順天大學校 師範大學 附屬 科學敎育硏究所 2002 科學과 敎育 Vol.10 No.-

This study covers the life of "Maecheon Hwang―hyeon", who was one of the last scholars in the Chosum Dynasty, along with his social intercourse. ChapterⅡ summarizes the findings in related to his social intercourse. His social intercourse are divided into two categories in terms of area ; Local area (his home town) and Central area (capital of that time). In kwnagyang he kept company with local scholars, who helped him to consolidate his own unique poetic styles and literary world. ChapterⅢ he kept close relationship with those days' respectable scholars. Through the friendly and beneficial company, he not only got rich in social experiences, but also, he could open the new horizon, through which he became well―known with widely ranged view points of the society. In conclusion, Maecheon, one of the greatest writers, accomplished literary mastery that absorbed the pains of folks those days, along with contribution to upgrading confucian literature.

혼합치열기의 miniscrew를 이용한 교정치료

임수민,양연미,김재곤,백병주,이용훈,신정근 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

Anchorage plays an important role in orthodontic treatment, Skeletal anchorage like the miniscrew is considered a more effective method in anchorage control than conventional anchorage which needs much patient s cooperation. The miniscrew offers many advantages. 1) It is easy to insert and to remove. 2) It can endure the force needed for moving teeth. 3) It can be immediately loaded and 4) Patient cooperation is not needed. 5) It is economic compared to other skeletal anchorage systems, In comparison to adult's bones, children s bones have comparatively poor bone quality and quantity. Therefore, it is hard to obtain primary stability in younger patients. However, if the miniscrew can be retained successfully, it will be effective in many orthodontic treatments. In these cases we used the miniscrew in correcting of diastema, in aligning dental midline, and in rendering a forced eruption of impacted tooth in mixed dentition patient. We obtained satisfactory results. 교정치료 시 고정원은 항상 염두에 두면서 치료를 진행해야 하는 중요한 요소이다. 전통적인 고정원을 이용한 치료는 환자의 적극적인 협조를 필요로 하고 원하는 치아이동에 대한 반작용이 나타날 수 있는 등의 부작용을 가지고 있다. 그러므로 보다 견고한 구강 내 고정원이 요구되어져 왔으며 이를 위해 miniscrew가 임상에서 흔히 이용되고 있다. Miniscrew를 통한 고정원의 확보는 구외력 의존도 감소,치료기간의 단축,식립 후 즉시 교정력 적용,환자의 협조도 불필요,식립의 간편성,저렴한 비용 등의 장점을 가지고 있다. 그러나 성장기 환자는 성인에 비해 골질이 좋지 않아 miniscrew의 성공률이 성인에 비해 낮다. 그러나 일단 고정에 성공하면 많은 교정치료 시 매우 유용하게 이용할 수 있다. 본 증례는 흔합치열기 환자를 miniscrew를 이용하여 정중이개 및 정중선 불일치,매복치에 대한 양호한 교정치료를 하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

鹽化物 含有量에 따른 鐵筋腐食 및 콘크리트 强度特性에 관한 實驗的 硏究

김정섭,강연구,유덕룡,박광수 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 1999 建設技術硏究 Vol.19 No.2

As reinforced concrete buildings have been large, high-storied and high perfomance supply of river sand and gravel is insufficient and sex sand and crushed gravels which have the problem in internal force and durability are used as substitute aggregates. The problems caused by the use of sea sand lower the durability of reinforced concrete building according t o the content of chloride and shellfishes and cause the problem of corrosion and neutralization of reinforcing rod. Therefore, this study analyzes the degree of corrosion and neutralization of reinforcing rod which are the causes of lowering durability of reinforced concrete buildings with the variable of chloride content through the experiment and obtains the following results. 1. As a result of experimenting river sand and sea sand by comparison, the corrosion can be found at reinforcing rod without using rust proof paint regardless of the covering depth from 60 days of age and especially, the extensive corrosion is occurred at the damaged reinforcing rod among the same rods. 2. As a result of neutralization experiment with river sand and sea sand, there is no response in neturalization till 60 days of age. 3. As a result of strength and non-destructive strength test with river sand and sea sand, it is found that the value of strength is increased more at the test specimen using sea sand than river sand and while the specimen using river sand shows increasing value of strength continuously based on 28 days of age, the specimen using sea sand shows the decrease in strengh as it has more chloride contents. It is thought that evaluation experiment and method of durability and security and countermeasure of durability according to age on the basis of the basic materials of this study should be conducted as future research task.

Capsicum chinense, 재래종 및 저항성 고추 유전자원에서 역병 저항성 계통 선발

김정훈,여승호,김동우,배수연,한정혜,황희숙,김병수 慶北大學校農業科學技術硏究所 2002 慶北大農學誌 Vol.20 No.-

2000년도에 검정에서 역병에 살아남은 개체들로부터 채종하여 육성한 Capsicum chinense 31계통에 대하여 역병 저항성을 검정한 결과 고도의 저항성을 나타내는 것은 발견되지 않았다. 2001년도의 검정에서 역병에 살아남은 개체로부터 채종한 재래종 26계통에 대하여 다시 역병 저항성 검정을 실시한 결과 KC180, KC230, KC195, KC194에서 다수의 개체가 살아남아 저항성을 나타내었다. 그러나 KC180과 KC230은 각각 AC2258과 CM334와 혼종된 것으로 관찰되었다. KC195와 KC194는 재래종의 형질을 유지하고 있는 것으로 관찰되었다. CM334의 보존 증식과정에 자연교잡이 일어난 것으로 보여 이의 순도향상을 위하여 채종년도별로 시료를 꺼내어 역병저항성 검정을 실시한 결과 가장 오래된 1992년도 채종종자에서부터 약간의 이형주가 관찰도기 시작하여 1995년부터 2001년도까지 시간이 경과함에 따라 많이 변형되어 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 1992년도 종자에서 이형주를 제거하고 원형의 개체로부터 자식종자를 대량으로 채종하였다. 함께 공시한 AC2258은 순수한 것으로 확인되었다. 1995년도 채종 CM334 종자에서는 비록 혼종은 되었으나 측지발생이 적은 개체들이 발견되어 이들을 개체 선발하여 역병에 저항성이며 측지발생이 적은 계통으로 육성하고 있다. A total of 31 c. chinense lines selected from 2000 screening were tested again for resistance to P. capsici but resistance was not found in the lines. A total of 26 selections from Korean land races tested 2001 spring were tested again for resistance to P. capsici. KC180, KC230, KC195 and KC194 showed moderate resistance to P. capsici. However, it was apparent on the basis of hortivultural characteristics that KC180 and KC230 had been naturally crossed with AC2258 and CM334, respectively. CM334 and AC2248 seed lots that were increased in different years were taken out and tested for resistance to improve their genetic purity because the resistant genetic resources have been showing some off-types in the population. Off-types began to be found in 1992 seed lots and the proportion and degree of the offs was increasing with time up to 2001. Plants true to the type in 1992 seed lots were selected and their inbred seeds were mass produced in a net cage in the greenhouse. AC2258 included in the experiment number of lateral branching at cotyledonary axil, although they were off from the original in the experiment together was uniform. In 1995 seed lost of CM334, plants with resistance to P. capsici and low or no number of lateral branching at cotyledonary axil, although they were off from the original CM334, were found and selection was applied to breed lines fixed in the characters.

결핵성 경부임파선염의 전산화 단층촬영 소견

송창준,정연수,최창락,윤완규,조준식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1995 충남의대잡지 Vol.22 No.2

Purpose : To evaluate the computed tomography (CT) findings of the cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis Methods and materials : The CT features in 10 patients of tuberculous lymphadenitis were retrospectively reviewed. We characterized the morphologic appearances of lymphadenopathy on post-contrast CT scan and comparatively evaluated the densities of central necrotic portion and peripheral solid portion of necrotic nodes on pre-contrast CT scan. All examines were performed on a General Electric Hispeed Advantage RP System. Ten millimeter and five millimeter contiguous sections from skull base to thoracic inlet were obtained for the pre-contrast and post-contrast images respectively. Results : Most patients were young adults. A painless neck mass was the most common chief complaint and the duration of the symptoms was about 5 months. The average number of diseased lymph nodes was 3.7. Unilateral involvement was 4 times as common as bilateral location. Central necrotic lymphadenopathy was 78.3% of 37 enlarged lymph nodes and the density of the nerotic portion was isodense to the density of the peripheral wall on pre-contrast images in 71.4% of necrotic lymph nodes. The most common morphologic features of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis was the type of a multichambered or conglomerated necrotic lymphadenopathy with a peripheral irregular enhancement. Conclusion : The tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis was highly suggestive when the diseased lymph nodes show the central necrosis, the morphologic features of multichambered or conglomerated necrotic lymphadenopathy with a strong peripheral irregular contrast enhancement, and necrotic materails isodense to peripheral solid portion on pre-contrast CT scan in young adult patients who complain of a painless neck mass.

Cariostat를 이용한 아동의 우식활성에 관한 임상적 연구

김재곤,이영수,양정숙,양연미,백병주 大韓小兒齒科學會 1998 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.25 No.3

The purpose of the study was to determine the ability of the caries activity test, 'Car-iostat'to identify preschool children with dental caries, The subjects of this study were 76 children of 3 to 5 years of age. Oral examination was carried out to out to assess the caries experience using a mirror and explorer. In all subjects buccal plaque samples were obtained, incubated. and scored as the manufacturer's instructions for the cariostat test. statistical analyses were used with the Crosstabulation. The test group exhibited mean dft index 5.21, while 27.63% of subjects were caries free and had no restorations. The sensitivity of the Cariostat test was found to be 98.8% while the specifioity was found to be 19.05% The results showed that caries activity measured by visual reading was highly significant to the Cariostat score and dft index(P<0.001). the Cariostat method has indicated the future possible occurrence of caries. The use of this method is meant to require in the caries prevention program.

사망 진단서(시체 검안서) 작성의 문제점

김규석,임용수,이중의,서길준,윤여규,어은경,염석란,정연권,이윤성 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Background: This study was conducted to analyze the current problems in completing death certificates and to identify the correct method for completing death certificates Methods: We reviewed 262 death certificates in three hospitals from March 1 to April 30, 2000, and 119 death certificates in one hospital from March 1 to 31, 2000. We identified major and minor errors and analyzed and compared them retrospectively. Results: A total of 381 death certificates were reviewed: 59 in Seoul National University Hospital,101 in Ewha Woman's University Hospital, and 102 in Gachon Medical College Hospital, which has no education program for completing death certificates in postgraduate training, and 119 in Samsung Medical Center which has an education program for completing death certificates. 358 certificates(94.0%) had at least one error. There were only 23 death certificates(6.0%) without an error. In 182 cases(47.8%), there was one major error. In 321 death certificates(84.3%), there were more than two errors. A comparison of Samsung Medical Center with the other hospitals showed that the number of total errors was statistically different(p=0.001). Conclusion: There were few death certificates without an error in this study. In a hospital which has postgraduate training in completing death certificates, there are fewer errors than in other hospitals which have no training course. Emergency physicians actually certify many deaths, so they must know the correct method of completing death certificates for statistics on morbidity and mortality.

비만을 동반한 위암 환자에서 두 병을 같이 수술 치료한 경험(증례)

최경현,윤기영,문형환,신연명,서경원,안수미,송윤미,석정희,정경연,이은하 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.3

Obesity is growing problem in Korea. We had a case of bariatric surgery during gastric cancer operation. Patient was 29 year old Korean lady with early gastric cancer located in the lesser curvature side of the middle 1/3 of the stomach. Her body weight was 89 kg, height 163 cm, and thus body mass index was 33.5 kg/m2. Preoperative blood pressure was 130/90 mmHg, hemoglobin 12.9 g/dL, total lymphocyte count 3,280/mL, serum albumin 4.3 g/dL, CEA 1.1 ng/mL, CA 19-9 9.1 ng/mL, and alpha fetoprotein 2 ng/mL. Another associated disease was right thyroid follicular neoplasm. The chest X-ray was normal. After IM injection of 2,500 units of heparin 30 minutes before the induction of general anesthesia, she received curative subtotal gastrectomy and Roux en Y gastrojejunostomy when a malabsorption loop of 120 cm jejunum was incorporated between the Treitz ligament and the end to side jejuno-jejunostmy site at May 29th 2006. Her postoperative course was uneventful except a minor wound seroma and the elevations of serum amylase(up to 4 folds) and lipase(up to 2 folds). She lost her body weight 9 kg in 5th, 21 kg in 7th, and 27 kg in 10th postoperative months to became 61.5 kg. On follow up exams in July 2008, she gained 4 kg to overcome her weakness and fatigue. From the above result, the incorporation of a malabsorption loop during reconstruction phase of gastric cancer operation was a good option for obese gastric cancer patients especially in cases of early gastric cancer.

중증 재생불량성 빈혈 환자에서 신우신염에 대한 광범위항생제치료 중에 속발한 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 진균감염 1예

김철희,이정호,이정찬,강정현,곽상혁,배광봉,김현수,김종숙,조덕연,김삼용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.1

Most patients with aplastic anemia who do not respond to immunosuppressive treatment or are not candidates for bone marrow transplantation die of infection or bleeding. The neutropenia in acute leukemia, aplastic anemia, or occurring subsequently to chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation increases susceptibility to infection. In general, the number of infectious episodes correlate with the degree and duration of neutropenia. Global immunosuppression produced by conditioning for bone marrow transplantation or graft-versus-host disease, is associated with unusual bacterial and fungal pathogens, or serious viral and protozoan infections. In addition, repeated treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics is associated with the emergence of resistant organisms and fungal diseases because of the altered microbial microenvironment of the host. The incidence of invasive fungal infection caused by Saccharomycetes eerevisiae in immunosuppressed patients is very rare, compared with that of infection by candida or aspcrgillus species. Cases of Saccharomycetes cerevisiae fungemia occurring in the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics are reported in patients with extensive burn or with prosthetic valve endocarditis. We experienced a case of urinary tract infection by Saccharomycetes cerevisiae in a 27-year old female patient with severe aplastic anemia. We report the case with a review of relevant literatures.