인조모(人造毛)와 인모(人毛)의 염색성에 관한 연구

김신미,나명석 한국화장품미용학회 2022 한국화장품미용학회지 Vol.12 No.3

이 연구는 색상손실이 큰 반영구염모제의 검정색 산성염모제를 사용하여 인조모와 인모에 대한 염색성을 알아보고 하였다. 그 결과, 검정색 산성염모제로 염색된 시료모발의 명도(L*)는 인조모(BLSC-AH) 15.36과 인모(BLSC-HH) 14.3으로 미약한 차이이나 더 어둡게 염색이 된 것을 알수 있었고 색차(Color difference, ∆E)값 또한 인모값이 0.92로 낮아 착색이 더 잘되었다. 염착량을 알아보는 K/S값에서도 인조모 6.3, 인모 10.7로 인모가 더 높은 염착량을 보였다. 인조모와 인모의 염색지속력을 측정하기 위하여 샴푸 횟수에 따른 색상의 변화를 측정하였다. 인조모발의 색차(ΔE) 값은 5회는 1.74, 30회 6.99로 횟수가 증가할수록 큰 변화를 나타냈다. 이와 같은 결과를 미국 표준 색차 기준과 비교해보면 ‘much(많은)’ 차이가 있었다. 인모의 색차(ΔE) 값은 5회는 1.25, 30회 2.01로 인조모에 비해 미미한 변화가 있었고 미국 표준 색치 기준으로 , Slight(색차가 감지되는)’ 색의 차이로 볼 수 있다. 세척 횟수가 증가함에 따라 인모가 인조모보다 물빠짐이 덜하며 염색 색소의 지속력과 착색력이 좋은 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구는 인조모와 인모의 차이를 비교하여 염색에 대한 기본적인 교육을 위하여 현장과 연관된 기초자료를 제시하고, 미용현장에서는 정확한 결과색을 도출하기 위한 방안으로 활용하고자 하였으며 기초자료로 제시하고자 한다.

성인의 죽음 불안과 임종기 치료 선호도

김신미,김순이,김기숙 한국의료윤리학회 2011 한국의료윤리학회지 Vol.14 No.4

A survey was conducted to examine death anxiety and preferences regarding end-of-life care among adults aged 40 years or older. A total of 352 subjects were recruited from two areas in South Korea by trained research assistants, who used structured questionnaires consisting of demographic characteristics, Templer’s Death Anxiety scale, and the Korean version of the Preference of Care at the End of Life. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a t-test, an ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Subjects reported a moderate level of death anxiety. Furthermore, while a gender effect was detected, an age effect was not. There was a low preference for life-sustaining treatment with no significant differences among the various demographic groups including age. This study suggests that in order to promote clients’ self-determination and end-stage quality of life, health care providers need to be aware of clients’ attitudes toward death and their preferences regarding end-of-life care.

성인의 수면실태와 관련요인에 대한 연구

김신미 대한간호학회정신간호학회 1997 정신간호학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Sleep is an essential component in health and the quality of life of individual. Normally, sleep pattern changes with advancing age. These changes often result in sleep impairment and become a major stressor in adult. Sleep problems are not rare among healthy adults. Even though sleep impairment among adults has been well documented in western countries, few studies have been conducted related to the sleep in Korea. The purpose of this study is to explore sleep pattern, related factors, and sleep satisfaction among healthy community-dwelling adults, so that basic informations regarding adult's sleep can be established. 409 subjects over 20-year-old were participated in the study. The survey questionnaire was developed by translation and modification of two well-known sleep questionnaires which originally developed by Monroe(1967) and Ellis, et al. (1982). Pilot study was completed for final contents of a questionnaire. SPSS/PC+ was utilized for data analysis, results are as follows: 1. Sleep complaints were reported by 27.9% of the subjects. 2. Most of the subjects reported to go bed between 9-11pm. and get up between 4-6am. 3. Regarding sleep-disturbing factors, physical factor(21.8%), emotional factor(42.7%), environmental factor(48.4%) were reported. 4. 21.3% of the subjects practiced some type of strategies for better sleep. But a few(6.5%) used hyphotics mainly in occasional base. 5. Variables showed statistically significant difference in sleep satisfaction were : getting up right away upon waking : frequency of awakening during night time sleep : difficulty in falling asleep ; feeling rested upon waking in the morning : difficulty in going back to sleep after awakening during night time sleep. 6. Feeling rested upon waking at morning and difficulties of going back to sleep during night sleep explained sleep satisfaction with 31% explanation power. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the adults in the community do have some sleep impairment but do not practice adequate strategies for better sleep. Further researches are needed to develop better sleep measurement tool to identify sleep pattern of clints and to develop and evaluate nursing intervention.

간호윤리교육의 과제 - 임상과 학교의 상호협력 -

김신미 한국간호윤리학회 2019 한국간호윤리학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.11

한국형 사전의료의향서의 구성 요건 : 의료인을 중심으로

김신미,홍선우,은영,고수진 한국간호과학회 2012 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.42 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the main prerequisite for Korean Advance Directives [KAD] to ensure their better use. Methods: Data were collected from two focus group interviews and individual email responses. Study participants were 5 doctors and 6 nurses. All interview data were transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Three main themes emerged; establishing a philosophy of KAD, protocol to practice KAD, and the KAD document itself. A philosophy is needed to ensure individual needs, consensus to practice AD and identify principle agents. The core of protocol was found to be as follows; 1) process, 2) premise, 3) procedure, 4) contextual preparation, 5) timing, 6) feasibility. Component and feasibility need to be established for the document itself. Conclusion: For a positive acceptance of KAD in Korean society, a culture sensitive, reality based, and user friendly AD needs to be developed.

일반성인과 노인의 수면양상과 수면방해요인의 비교연구

김신미,오진주,송미순,박연환 한국간호과학회 1997 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.27 No.4

사전의사결정의 속성-생전유언을 중심으로

김신미 청주대학교 2010 産業科學硏究 Vol.27 No.2

Purpose: This study was performed to identify elements of living will which is a key part of advance directive. Method: World wide web sites and database were searched to access real documents and 53 existing living will documents from US, New Zealand as well as Korea were analyzed. Result: Seven distinctive categories of elements of living will were identified as follows; title and attribute; conditions which make living will effective; procedure certifying conditions which make living will effective; process which make living will legal; medical treatments included in living will; revoking procedure; misc. Conclusion: Identified construction elements and characteristics of each element from this analysis of existing documents would be helpful to prepare dying with dignity act and to develop living will in Korea in the future.

인지면담을 이용한 한국형 사전의료의향서 모델 개발

김신미,홍영선,홍선우,김진실,김기숙,Kim, Shin Mi,Hong, Young Sun,Hong, Sun Woo,Kim, Jin Shil,Kim, Ki Sook 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2013 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to develop a feasible form of a Korean version of advance directives (K-AD). Methods: Sixteen adults participated in this study: 10 aged 20~50 years and nine aged 65 years or older. Using a draft version of the K-AD, cognitive interview was conducted on the participants to establish a culturally acceptable form of advance directives whose directions can be understood and responded accordingly by the general population. Results: Cognitive interviews revealed areas of concerns for the draft version of K-AD: lack of instructions or clarity for technical and medical terms, context complexity and inadequate response categories. The draft version was revised by rewording, offering examples and rearranging the context. Editorial style was added with appropriate uses of bold fonts, bullet-points and underlines to facilitate interviewees' cognitive responses. Conclusion: Study results feasibility of the revised version of the K-AD. Further study should be performed with a larger number of participants to develop a K-AD with an acceptable level of reliability and validity. 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 사전의료의향서 사용 집단을 대상으로 초안에서 도출된 한국형 사전의료의향서 콘텐츠의 구성 요소를 바탕으로 실제 사용자 집단에서 인지적, 심리적 및 사회적으로 수용 가능한 문장과 문항으로 구성된 문서를 구축하여 한국형 사전의료의향서 모델을 제시하는 것이다. 방법: 실제 사용자인 일반 성인의 보건의료정보 문해력과 정서적 수용성 및 작성 과정을 고려하여 초안을 작성하였으며 초안을 바탕으로 인지면담(Cognitive Interviewing) 방법을 통한 문항 개발 과정을 수행하였다. 대상자는 9명의 65세 이상 노인을 포함한 16명의 인지면담에 장애가 없는 성인이었다. 결과: 총 2회기에 걸친 인지면담 결과를 분석한 후 최종적으로 3개 속성(가치관, 의료지시[9문항] 대리인 지정)을 중심으로 총 430개 단어로 구성되는 모델을 확정 제안하였다. 결론: 본 연구에서는 한국형 사전의료의향서 문서를 효과적으로 향상시킬 수 있는 방법으로 인지면담을 사용하였으며 그 가능성을 검증하였다. 한국형 사전의료의향서 최종 모델을 위해서는 대규모 양적 연구를 통해 가용성을 검증하며, 신뢰도와 타당도를 확보하여 모델을 확정하는 과정이 포함된 추후연구가 필요할 것이다.

일부 지역 노인 족부 건강 문제와 영향 요인

김신미,안재홍,최숙희,이윤정 한국간호과학회 2010 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.40 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the prevalence, risk factors and clinical meanings of geriatric foot problems and to suggest implications for the future. Methods: One hundred eighty nine elderly aged 60 and over from institution as well as community were investigated for their foot conditions by means of a questionnaire including general characteristics, self care capacity, risk factors, foot problem checklist, X-ray, podoscopy and foot scan. Descriptive statistics and χ²-test was performed as appropriate utilizing SPSS version 14. Less than .05 of p-value was adopted as statistical significance level. Results: All subjects had at least one kind of foot problem and the most prevalent ones were nail problems, foot deformities in order. Prevalence of foot pain and edema was relatively low. Conclusion: Foot problem in lderly is prevalent and geriatric foot is expected to emerge as one of the most important problems in the geriatric field. Therefore strategies to deal with geriatric foot should be developed and practiced for better quality of life in later life.

소아 그레이브스병 관해의 예측 지표

김신미,황진순 대한소아내분비학회 2010 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.15 No.2

Purpose:Antithyroid drug treatment is usually recommended as the initial treatment for children with Graves' disease. However, achieving remission with medical therapy usually requires many years of treatment, the risk for adverse reactions is relatively high and relapse is common after discontinuation of medication. There is therefore a debate about how Graves' disease should be treated in children. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of remission during 2 years from quitting of antithyroid drug. Methods:We retrospectively studied children who had been treated for Graves' disease with antithyroid medication. We compared the children who achieved remission after two years with those who had persistent disease, to determine the variables associated with remission. Results:41 patients were enrolled, of whom five (12.2%) achieved remission and the rest (87.8%) could not achieve remission until the last visit. There were no significant differences in T3, free T4, antimicrosomal antibody (AMA), or thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) between the two groups at presentation. However, the remission group had a significantly higher titer of TSH (P =0.04) and a significantly lower titer of antithyroglobulin antibody (ATA) (P=0.01) than the non-remission group at presentation. The non-remission group had higher ATA concentrations 3 months after treatment with antithyroid medication than the remission group did (P=0.02). Conclusion:TSH and ATA concentrations at presentation can be used to stratify patients according to the likelihood of remission during 2 years from quitting of antithyroid drug. 목 적:갑상샘 기능 항진증은 갑상샘 호르몬이 과다하게 생산되어 증상을 나타내는 질환으로 소아에서 원인의 대부분은 그레이브스병이다. 치료법으로는 여러 가지가 있으며 아직 정립되어 있지 않지만 항갑상샘제가 초기 치료로 대부분 이용된다. 그러나 항갑상샘제로 치료 시 관해를 이루기 위해 많은 시간이 소요되며 부작용의 위험성도 상대적으로 높고 재발도 흔한 편이다. 이에 저자들은 항갑상샘제 투여 2년 후 관해를 이루게 될 가능성을 알려주는 지표에 대해서 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법:2002년 1월 1일부터 2008년 12월 31일까지 7년간 아주대학교 의과대학 소아청소년과에서 그레이브스병으로 진단받은 환아를 대상으로 2년 간의 치료를 통해 관해를 유지하고 있는 군과 그렇지 못한 군으로 나누어 진단시와 치료 3개월 이후의 갑상샘 기능상태, 갑상샘 항체인 ATA, AMA, TBII를 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결 과:전체 환아 41명 중 남아 8명, 여아 33명이었다. 치료 2년 동안 관해는 8례에서 보였고 이 중 재발은 3례에서 발생하였다. 결국, 2년 이상 관해를 보인 환아는 5명이었다. 관해를 보인 군과 그렇지 않은 군과의 비교에서 진단시 free T4와 T3 값은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 TSH는 0.11±0.04과 0.04±0.04 mIU/L 으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(P=0.04). 갑상샘 항체 ATA의 값은 관해군에서 189.6±103.2 U/mL, 그렇지 않은 군에서 520.4±677.1 U/mL으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(P=0.01). AMA 값과 TBII 값은 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다(P=0.17, P=0.58). 치료 3개월 이후 ATA 값은 비관해군에서 583.3±763.9 U/mL로 관해군의 211.2±147.0 U/mL에 비해 유의하게 높았다(P=0.02). 결 론: 그레이브스병에서 관해를 예측할 수 있는 지표로 진단시 TSH값과 항티로글로불린항체값을 이용할 수 있음을 알 수 있었으며 향후 더 많은 환자를 대상으로 전향적 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.