일 대학병원에 입원한 노년기 양극성 장애 환자의 인구학적 및 임상적 특징

조숙현(Sook Hyun Cho),정한용(Han Yong Jung),권영준(Young Jun Kwon),이소영(So Young Lee),김양래(Yang Rae Kim),김윤정(Yun Jung Kim) 대한노인정신의학회 2006 노인정신의학 Vol.10 No.2

Objectives : As the elderly population is continuing to increase, psychiatric diseases of the elderly are becoming an important social issue. This study looks into the demographical and clinical features of the elderly patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder in a University hospital. Methods : The study subjects include patients admissioned in the closed wards of Soonchunhyang Seoul hospital and Cheonan hospital from March, 2000 to February, 2005 who met the DSM-IV-TR criteria for bipolar disorder at the time of discharge. A total of 146 patients (76 men, 70 women) medical records were studied retrospectively. Subjects older than the age of 50 at time of admission were grouped as the old age group, whereas those who were younger than 50 as the young age group. Also among the old age group, those who had the first onset of episode under the age of 50 were grouped as the early onset group, whereas those who had the first onset after the age 50 were grouped as the late onset group. Results : The number of bipolar disorder patients in the young age group and old age group were 73 and 73 respectively. The number of early onset group and late onset group were 46 and 23 respectively. The old age group had a relatively higher incidence of bipolar II disorder than the young age group. Also in the old age group there was a higher incidence of hypomanic or depressive episode rather than manic episode compared to the young age group. And in the old age group psychotic symptoms were less common and the mean admission length shorter than the young age group. Additionally in the old age group treatment with Lithium monotherapy or with no mood stabilizers at all were relatively common. Among the old age group, late onset group had a higher rate of bipolar II disorder than the early onset group. Conclusion : This study shows differences in the demographical and clinical features among different age groups. But additional research would be required to determine whether the bipolar disorders in the elderly or late onset group are actually a different type of disorder from those of the young.

항암화학요법 관련 오심과 구토 완화를 위한 비약물요법에 관한 연구동향

소향숙,최자윤,조인숙,김영재,김지영,김애숙,김옥미,김춘심,김현오,설영애,안정옥,이애리,이영자 성인간호학회 2003 성인간호학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Purpose: Purposes of this study were to understand the current trends on complementary therapy in relieving chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and to suggest the future research direction. Method: Subjects were selected on CINAHL, MEDLINE, Korean Academy Data Base from 1980 to 2001 which used nausea, vomiting, chemotherapy and complementary therapy as key words in experimental studies. Eight korean articles and twenty-one international articles were analyzed in terms of general characteristics, research methods, and types of complementary therapy. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods. Result: Since 2000, researchers have more actively used complementary therapy. In subject characteristics, mean age was 35.5 years old, 45% of the researchers were performed with high level of incidence of chemotherapy induced vomiting, 14% of them set limit of consecutive cycle during research, and 65% of them did not comment the selecting criteria of sample. About 60% of them were designed post-test only control group: 35% used INV by Rhodes, 31% used Likert scale, and 24% used VAS for dependent variable. Muscle relaxation therapy was mostly applied for relief of nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: Further studies will be needed to control extrinsic variables affecting nausea and vomiting in research design and to accumulate evidence with studies applying various complementary therapies.

Original Articles : Clinical significance of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C patients

( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sung Ran Cheon1 ),( Sae Hwan Lee1 ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Young Seok Kim1 ),( Young Deok Cho1 ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin ),( Yun Soo 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: We investigated the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive individuals and the effects of occult HBV infection on the severity of liver disease. Methods: Seventy-one hepatitis B virus surface-antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients were divided according to their HBV serological status into groups A (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative; n=18), B (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive; n=34), and C (anti-HBc negative, anti-HBs positive/negative; n=19), and by anti-HCV positivity (anti-HCV positive; n=32 vs. anti-HCV negative; n=39). Liver biopsy samples were taken, and HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Results: Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 32.4% (23/71) of the entire cohort, and HBV DNA levels were invariably low in the different groups. Occult HBV infection was detected more frequently in the anti-HBc-positive patients. Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 28.1% (9/32) of the anti-HCV-positive and 35.9% (14/39) of the anti-HCV-negative subjects. The HCV genotype did not affect the detection rate of intrahepatic HBV DNA. In anti-HCV-positive cases, occult HBV infection did not affect liver disease severity. Conclusions: Low levels of intrahepatic HBV DNA were detected frequently in both HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive cases. However, the frequency of occult HBV infection was not affected by the presence of hepatitis C, and occult HBV infection did not have a significant effect on the disease severity of hepatitis C. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:206-212)

초·중·고등학교 학생, 학부모, 일반교사의 보건교육 요구

윤순녕,김영임,최정명,조희순,김영희,박영남,오경순,이분옥,조선녀,조소영,한선희,하영미 韓國學校保健學會 2004 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify needs of health education of the students, parents, general teachers, and health teacher of the elementary, middle, and high schools. Method : 279 schools of elementary, middle, and high school were sampled nonproportionally during the period from June 28 to July 26, 2004 . The data were collected by the questionnaire from 1,888 students, 1,876 parents, 1,695 general teachers, 279 health teachers. A frequency, % and χ2-test were used to analysis by SAS program. Result : 1. It showed that 98.1% of elementary school students, 92.3% of middle school students, 89.6% of high school students answered that they need health education. The most of students, parents, and general teachers had high interests in health education. 2. In the case of students, main causes of needs of health education was 'to prevent diseases or accidents''. But parents answered that it was 'to build up a healthier behavior'. General teachers answered that it was 'more effective systematic and continuous health education'. 3. Over 80% of students, parents, and general teachers about the question of who qualified person is to teach health education as a regular class responded that health teacher is available. Especially 93% of elementary school students answered like that. 4. The most of students, parents, and general teachers answered that health education in the classroom is favorable 1 to 2 hours per week. Conclusion : As results of the study , the majority of students, parents, general teachers agreed needs of health education. Therefore, on the basis of this study, systematic and continuous health education is necessary. Additionally the establishment of independent health subject is required certainly.

초·중·고등학교 학생·학부모·일반교사의 보건교육 영역별 요구도와 보건교육

윤순녕,김영임,최정명,조희순,김영희,박영남,오경순,이분옥,조선녀,조소영,한선희,하영미 韓國學校保健學會 2005 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the needs of health education in students, their parents and teachers in the elementary, middle and high schools and the current situation of health education class. Method: The subjects of this study were a total of 9450 persons including students, their parents and teachers from 279 schools throughout the country. They were selected through convenient sampling. Data were analyzed through x^(2)­test and ANOVA. Result: Students, their parents and teachers replied that 18 dimensions of health education class (DHEC) are necessary. The four DHEC - healthier life style, sex education, mental health and safety education - showed high educational needs in students, their parents, and teacher. High school students had higher educational need of 'symptom management for daily living' than elementary and middle school students. Students, their parents and teachers in elementary school had higher educational needs of 17 DHEC that those in middle and high school. The percentages of schools with health education class taught by health teachers were 99.2%, 75.5% and 66.0% respectively in elementary, middle and high schools. Health education was given mainly using physical education classes at elementary schools, and creative class hours at middle and high schools. In general, health education took 1-3 hours per week at elementary schools, and less than an hour at middle and high schools. Conclusion: Therefore, based on the results, systematic health education class should begin from elementary school to meet the need of health education in students, their parents and teachers, and further study should be made on the number of hours required and the amount of contents of 18 DHEC.

간호실무에서 신봉이론(Espoused theories)에 대한 탐색적 연구

서문자,김혜숙,이은희,박영숙,조경숙,강현숙,임난영,김주현,이소우,조복희,이명하,지성애,하양숙,손영희,권성복,김희진,추진아 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

As a nursing practice involves nurses' actions in a specific context of health care, this study has focused on exploring the espoused theories in nursing practice within the action science perspectives, Espoused theories are the belief, principles, and rationale expressed by the practitioner as guiding her/his actions in a situation of practice. The data were analysed qualitatively and 25 elements of espoused theories of nursing action were identified and clustered into 6 categories. The 25 elements of espoused theories are as follows: The clinical nurse worked in wholistic and individual nursing, focussed on the patient's needed, comfort and supportive nursing (5 theories of nursing goal) ; excellent skills, knowledge based, assessment and data collection, explaining, educating or a scientific basis(6 theories of nursing intervention): advocacy, value oriented, treatment, account- ability and commitment(4 theories of nursing ethics) ; human respect. partnership, trust(3 theories of patient-nurse relationship) : knowledgable, accumulated clinical experiences and personally lived experiences. positive perspectives(4 theories of nurse), role of intervention. rewarding peer relationship(3 theories of situations) The above mentioned espoused theories are similar to that of nursing textbooks which students learned through basic nursing education and almost the same as the Acts ofa Nurse in Korean. However, we are doubtful whether nurses actually do as they think. Therefore. it is recommended to review the theories-in-use in order to and any discrepancies between the espoused theories and the reality of nursing actions

노인의 신체 및 인지기능 장애의 발병요인과 상호영양에 관한 연구

趙素英 강남대학교 사회과학연구소 1999 사회과학논총 Vol.8 No.-

인권조례 제정을 위한 제언(提言) : 부산광역시의 소수자·사회적 약자 관련 조례를 중심으로

조소영 부산대학교 법학연구소 2009 법학연구 Vol.50 No.1

어떤 원칙의 정립과 정립된 원칙의 실현은 그 원칙이 적용되고 실현되어야 할 공간과 실체의 범위가 작은 규모일수록 원칙의 적실성과 실현가능성이 커진다. 때문에 우리 모두가 각자의 삶을 영위해 가는 다양한 공동체의 삶 속에서, 국가적 차원이 아닌 지역적 차원에서의 구성원 간 배분적 정의와 실질적 평등을 구현하기 위한 다각적인 노력의 방법들을 검토하고 살펴보는 것은 그 필요성과 당위성의 면에서 검토 가치가 상대적으로 크다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 지방자치단체를 중심으로 하는 지역적 삶 속에서 당해 지역 공동체 구성원들이 인식하고 실현하기 위해 노력하는 각 지표들과 관련된 현실을 고찰하고자 하는 연구의 방향성은 적잖은 의미를 갖는다고 할 것이며, 그러한 지향점하에 본 연구는 부산광역시라는 지방자치단체 내에서 사회적 약자 또는 소수자로서의 지역공동체 구성원들에 대한 제도적 조치들을 지방자치단체의 자치입법규범인 조례의 측면에서 검토해 보았다. 즉 지방자치단체로서의 부산광역시를 대상으로 부산광역시 현행조례의 현황과 특징을 중심으로 하되, 부산광역시가 사회적 약자 및 소수자를 부산광역시라는 지역공동체의 구성원으로 품어 안기 위한 인권적 노력과 실현내용이라는 관점에서 각 조례에 대한 구체적인 검토를 진행하였다. 이러한 검토과정을 통해 부산광역시의 현행 인권관련 조례의 현주소를 인권적 관점에서 평가해 보고, 지역공동체 안에서의 인권실현이라는 목표를 두고 장래의 새로운 조례 제정과 개선 방향 그리고 바람직한 조례의 내용적 요소들에 대한 일정한 기준을 찾아내 보고자 한 것이다. 현재 부산광역시 인권 관련 조례에는 인권선언의 유형이나 포괄적 기본조례의 유형은 존재하지 않기 때문에 부산광역시 현행 조례 중 조례 자체에 인권이라는 용어를 사용하고 있는 경우는 물론이고 직접적인 인권 용어의 언급은 없을지라도 인권이나 복지의 개념과 관련되는 사회적 약자 또는 소수자에 관한 내용을 담고 있는 조례들을 가능한 한 전반적으로 분석 대상으로 하였고,사회적 약자와 소수자의 양 개념에 속하는 자 또는 집단의 모든 해당자들을 염두에 두고 여성, 장애인, 저소득계층, 아동과 청소년, 노인, 거주외국인 등에 관한 권리보장과 제도 구축 내용을 검토의 범주로 설정하였다. 그리고 일단 선별된 현행 조례들을 다시 상위 법률의 위임에 의한 조례와 지방자치단체고유의 제정조례로 구분하여, 상위 법률의 위임에 기하여 제정된 위임조례에 대해서는 위임법률의 입법목적과 취지를 얼마나 반영하고 있는가와 더불어 지역공동체 주민들의 지역적 특성을 고려한 적실성 있는 구체화 작업이었는가를 중심으로 평가해 보고자 하였고, 지방자치단체로서의 부산광역시 고유의 판단과 필요에 의한 제정조례의 경우에는 부산광역시 자체의 고유성과 지역적 특성을 반영하고 구현하기 위한 내용으로서의 조례의 타당성과 실행가능성 등을 기준으로 평가해 보았다. This article's goal has been to illuminate and examinate a real status and directions of contemporary human rights in effective municipal ordinances of Busan metropolitan city. This alternative critical approach analyzes the standing municipal ordinances in terms of their relation with embodiment of human rights and from the perspective of their organizing contents and structures. The approach advanced here seeks to contribute to a moving out of the problematic in present legislating from a view point of ensuring human rights of a local society's residents. By doing that, I want to suggest contents of a municipal ordinance what should be in the future and their improvement directions. Objects of this study are mainly related with the socially vulnerable & social minorities in the standing municipal ordinances of Busan metropolitan city. So I examinated both concepts to set up the range and scope of study considering aim and value of this study. The main objects here are the handicapped, the aged, the women, an alien residents, the children, the low-income brackets. I made my diagnosis of the present problems related with human right guarantee of persons affiliated to these categories from a regional level.

국내 체중 감량 약물 사용 현황: 자발적으로 온라인에 게시한 처방적 분석

이소영,이지은,김미리,정은아,조은 건강보험심사평가원 2023 HIRA RESEARCH Vol.3 No.2

Background: Multiple medications have been used for weight loss (WL); however, research on the regimens of WL treatment in Korea have been limited. This study aimed to characterize the medications prescribed for WL in real-world settings. Methods: The study sample comprised WL prescriptions (Rxs) shared via a portal site for 1 year (from June 2022 to May 2023). WL drugs were classified into four categories: (1) on-label WL drugs; (2) off-label WL drugs; (3) medication-induced symptom management drugs; (4) dietary supplements and others. We calculated prescribing occurrence rates for each category and drugs. Further, we investigated the usage of off-label and psychotropic drug prescribing. Results: The study sample included 66 Rxs consisting of 63 active ingredients. The average number of medications per Rxs was seven (range, 1–13). Acetaminophen/caffeine/(pseudo)ephedrine (59.1%) and topiramate (54.5%) were the most commonly used medicines. The most frequently prescribed drug regimen involved a combination of on-label WL, off-label WL, and medication-induced symptom management drugs. Conclusion: Psychotropic appetite suppressants have been prescribed with unapproved WL drugs or psychotropic anti-anxiety/hypnotics. Further research is needed to provide evidence on drug combinations to ensure the safety of WL treatments.

회전원통수조 실험에서 회전속도에 따른 표류각속도

소선섭,강민구,김영은,조미순 公州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2003 自然科學硏究 Vol.10 No.-

본 논문은 Kazuo Ukaji와 Katsumi Tamaki의 논문 중 회전속도(回轉速度)와 표류각속도(漂流角速度)의 관계를 기초로 하였다. 그들에 따르면, 회전삼중수조 실험값이 수치모델값보다 열손실에 의해 약 10% 정도 작고, Ω(회전속도)값이 증가하면 ω(표류각속도)는 점차적으로 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 본 논문에서는 그것을 실험으로써 증명하고자 하였다. 온도차(∆T)를 일정하게 유지하고 회전속도를 증가시키면서 파를 관찰하였다. 그 결과, 회전속도(回轉速度)를 크게 할수록 파의 표류각속도는 점차 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 또 회전속도에 따른 표류각속도의 기울기는 온도차가 작은 경우에 기울기가 더 높게 나타났다. This essay was based on relation of the drift angular speed and angular velocity in the essay of Kazuo Ukaji and Katsumi Tamaki. According to them, because of heat loss, rotating fluid annulus experimental value is lower about 10 percent than numerical model value, we could know that ω is dwindling if Ω increases. In this essay, we observed to certify it as an experiment. We kept differences of temperature changelessly, and observed form of waves as increasing turning number of times. By the result, when we changed greatly volutions per minute, observed hat the drift angular speed of wave is dwindling. Also, by the result, we observed tilt of a drift angular speed by angular velocity, slant in case difference of temperature is low.