Paricalcitol attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis in proximal tubular cells through the prostaglandin E₂ receptor EP4

( Yu Ah Hong ),( Keum Jin Yang ),( So Young Jung ),( Yoon Kyung Chang ),( Cheol Whee Park ),( Chul Woo Yang ),( Suk Young Kim ),( Hyeon Seok Hwang ) 대한신장학회 2017 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.36 No.2

Background: Vitamin D is considered to exert a protective effect on various renal diseases but its underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. This study aimed to determine whether paricalcitol attenuates inflammation and apoptosis during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced renal proximal tubular cell injury through the prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) receptor EP4. Methods: Human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells were pretreated with paricalcitol (2 ng/mL) for 1 hour and exposed to LPS (1 μg/mL). The effects of paricalcitol pretreatment in relation to an EP4 blockade using AH-23848 or EP4 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were investigated. Results: The expression of cyclooxygenase-2, PGE₂, and EP4 were significantly increased in LPS-exposed HK-2 cells treated with paricalcitol compared with cells exposed to LPS only. Paricalcitol prevented cell death induced by LPS exposure, and the cotreatment of AH-23848 or EP4 siRNA offset these cell-protective effects. The phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65 nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) were decreased and the phosphorylation of Akt was increased in LPS-exposed cells with paricalcitol treatment. AH-23848 or EP4 siRNA inhibited the suppressive effects of paricalcitol on p65 NF-κB nuclear translocation and the activation of Akt. The production of proinflammatory cytokines and the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling-positive cells were attenuated by paricalcitol in LPS exposed HK-2 cells. The cotreatment with an EP4 antagonist abolished these anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. Conclusion: EP4 plays a pivotal role in anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects through Akt and NF-κB signaling after paricalcitol pretreatment in LPS-induced renal proximal tubule cell injury.

국산·수입산 동부를 이용한 모시잎송편의 영양성분비교

김영섭,김소민,오지연,황진봉,이기택,신정아,김상천,김세나,김행란,황영,최용민 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.2

랫드에서 인체 재조합 적혈구 조혈인자, rHuEPO의 13주 정맥투여 아만성독성에 관한 연구

김형식,곽승준,천선아,박현선,한하수,임소영,안미영,김원배,김병문,안병옥,홍성렬,이병무 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

A recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) was administered intravenously at dosage levels of 0, 100, 500, and 2500 IU/㎏/day for a period of 13 weeks. There were no observed clinical signs and deaths related to treatment in all groups tested. Decreases in body weight gain and food consumption were observed only in males of 2,500 IU/㎏ group after 2 weeks. In hematological parameters, erythrocyte content, hematocrit values and hemoglobin concentration were dose-dependently increased in rHuEPO treated groups. The ratio between kidney weight and whole body weight was significantly increased in females of 500 and 2,500 IU/㎏ groups. The spleen weight was also increased in both sexes of 500 and 2,500 IU/㎏ groups. However, the absolute weight change of other organs was not observed. In histopathological examinations, the renal tubular basophilia was observed only in males and females of 2,500 IU/㎏ groups. From these results, it is concluded that the no-observed adverse effect level(NOAEL) of rHuEPO is 100 IU/㎏ in rats in the present study.

요로결석 환자의 체외충격파쇄석술 치료경과와 결석 특성과의 관련성

김성길,김기순,류소연,한미아,이선옥,노준 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2009 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.S

요로 결석에 대한 비 침습적 치료 방법인 체외충격파쇄석술에 의한 치료경과와 결석 특성과의 관련성을 파악키 위해 2002년 12월부터 2008년 3월까지 G시 H병원에서 요로 결석으로 진단되어 체외충격파쇄석술을 받은 33l례를 대상으로 의무기록 자료를 이용하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 조사 대상자 331례중 남자는 68.6%, 여자는 31.4%이었으며 평균연령(표준편차)은 44.2 (13.9)세 이었고 84%가 G시내 거주자였다. 2. 조사 대상자에게 시행된 체외충격파쇄석술의 평균 시술횟수(표준편차)는 1.9(1.5)회 이었으며 평균 통증제거기간(표준편차)은 3.2(2.1)일 이었고 요로결석 진단 시로부터 치료가 완료되었다고 의사가 판정했을 때까지의 치료기간의 평균(표준편차)은 10.3(8.4)일 이었다. 3. 시술횟수에 통계적으로 유의하게(P<0.01) 관련된 요인은 결석크기, 결석의 방사선 투과성, 요관 폐색여부 이었으며 모형의 설명력은 13.5%이었다. 4. 통증제거기간에 통계적으로 유의하게(P<0.01) 관련된 요인은 결석의 방사선 투과성 이었으며 모형의 설명력은 7.4%이었다. 5. 치료기간에 통계적으로 유의하게(P<0.01) 관련된 요인은 결석크기와 결석의 방사선 투과성 이었으며 모형의 설명력은 13.5%이었다. 따라서 결석의 크기가 크거나 결석이 방사선에 비 투과성일 때, 요관이 폐색되어 있을 때 치료경과가 늦게 됨으로 이러한 사실을 참고 하여 추후 진료지침을 작성 시 보다 효과적이고 효율적인 치료법을 적용할 필요가 있다고 판단되며 보다 체계적인 평가와 연구가 필요할 것이다. Objectives & Methods: To find the treatment process by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and its related stone characteristics in urinary tract stone patients, an analysis was done from medical records of 331 cases who were treated by ESWL from December 2002 to March 2008 at H hospital in G city. Results: Among 331 study subjects 68.6% were male and 31.4% were female. Their mean age (standard deviation, SD) was 44.2 (13.9) years old and 84.0% lived in G city. Average frequency of ESWL done toward study cases were 1.9±1.5 times. Mean duration of disappearance from pain was 3.2±2.1 days and total treatment period for a stone was 10.3±8.4 days. Statistically significant (p<0.01) stone and urinary tract characteristics related with frequency of ESWL were stone size, radio-opacity of the stone, and obstruction of urinary tract. The model composed of these 3 independent variables explained 13.5% of frequency of ESWL. Statistically significant (p<0.01) variable related with disappearance from pain was radio-opacity of the stone, and this model explained 7.4%. Statistically significant (p<0.01) variables related with treatment duration due to stone were stone size and radio-opacity of the stone. These two variables explained 13.5%. Conclusion: The bigger the size of stone are, the slower the treatment process will be. And when the stone is radio-opaque and urinary tract is obstructed, the treatment process will be slower than stone is radio-luscent and urinary tract is not obstructed. So to make effective and efficient treatment manual for ESWL, above fact must be considered and continuous systematic evaluation and research toward ESWL are necessary.

건축설계과정에서 나타나는 협업프로세스에 관한 연구 : 파빌리온 설계사례를 중심으로

김정훈,김소희,임병민,김진아,송정화,오건수 남서울대학교 2007 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.13 No.4

This study aims to deduce the effective collaborative process of architectural design process based on the specific pavilion design case. The study schematizes the collaborative procedure which is generated at the early stage of design process, analyzes the decision support system and suggests the method for reaching a compromise.Finally, this study suggested collaborative process method of architectural design and provided the basic concept that can be used for the similar projects. Keywords : Collaborative Design, Design Process

임부의 연령에 따른 보완대체요법에 관한 인식 태도 경험 비교 연구

김연진,김지연,노경민,신혜리,유예지,이지민,장희조,정아인,최소정,강숙정,이향연,민혜영 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2016 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.50

Purpose: This study aims to test if the age of pregnant women affects the perception, experience, and attitude towards complementary alternative therapy (CAT), by investigating the perception, experience, and attitude of pregnant women under the age of 35, and above 35 (Advanced Maternal Age). The study will 1) find the general characteristics of pregnant women under and over the age of 35 2) compare the perception, behavior, and experience of pregnant women under and over the age of 35, and 3) find the comparison of the perception, behavior, and experience according to the general characteristics of pregnant women under and over the age of 35. Method: The subjects of this study are composed of 44 women under the age of 35 and 44 women above the age of 35, totaling 88 pregnant women visiting midwiferies, obstetrics and gynecology, and baby fairs in Seoul and Gyeong-Gi area. Data for this study was collected from November 28, 2015 to January 6, 2016 for 40 days. The collected data analyzed mean, standard deviation, t test, ANOVA, and chi-square by using SPSS 23.0. Result Results show that there is a significant difference in the perception, attitude, and experience of the two-sample groups in the use of CAT. The question of “what is most necessary when applying CAT in a hospital clinical environment” for the perception criteria came out with the results of t=9.980, p<.05. For the attitude, results showed that the answers of pregnant women under the age of 35 displayed a more positive attitude towards CAT. (t=2.421, p<.05) Lastly, in the experience section, pregnant women under the age of 35 showed more CAT use than the other sample group. Conclusion Results have shown that there is a difference in the perception, behavior, and experience between the two sample groups. Therefore further research on the efficacy and the adverse effects of CAT needs to be done.

경기도 일부 지역 청소년들의 치과공포 및 불안에 대한 연구

심연수,김아현,안소연 大韓小兒齒科學會 2011 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.38 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 경기지역 일부 중학생의 치과치료 관련 공포 및 불안 수준을 측정하고, 그와 관련된 요인 및 이에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대해 분석하여 불안과 공포감을 완화시킬 수 있는 방법을 모색하여 보다 편안하고 효율적인 구강건강관리가 이루어 질 수 있도록 하는데 있다. 본 연구는 경기도 일부 중학생 622명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 남학생 337명, 여 학생 277명으로서 과거 치과치료 경험이 있는 총 614명의 자료를 이용하였다. 분석 방법은 각 문항별 답변의 분포를 알아보 기 위해 빈도분석을 실시하였고, 남녀별 응답의 차이를 검정하기 위해 교차분석을 실시하였으며 공포점수의 비교를 위하여 Mann-whitney U 검정을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 경기도 일부 중학생들은 치과 전문가가 일반적으로 생각하지 못한 부분에 서도 치과공포를 느끼는 것으로 나타났고, 진료실에서 직접 치료를 하는 경우와 관련된 항목에서 공포를 느끼는 경우가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 여학생이 남학생보다 높은 수준의 치과공포도를 보였다(p<0.05). The objective of this study is to measure the fear and anxiety levels of some middle school students in Gyeonggi Province, to analyze the relevant factors, to seek how to alleviate such fear and anxiety and thus enable to make a comfortable and efficient oral management. Six hundred twenty two middle school students in Gyeonggi Province participated in the survey, which used the data of 614 respondents, i.e. 337 males and 277 females. A frequency analysis was conducted to determine the distribution of answers for each question, a crosstabulation analysis was performed to verify the gender differences in answer and an Mann-whitney U test was used to compare fear scores. According to the results patients feared even in unexpected circumstances. In addition, they feared when receiving direct treatment. In terms of gender, female students showed higher levels of fear than male ones (p<0.05).

협동학습 모형에 근거한 숲 체험 활동에서의 유아리더십 효과 분석

유구종 ( Gu Jong Yoo ),김소리 ( So Ri Kim ),김은아 ( Eun Ah Kim ) 한국어린이문학교육학회 2016 어린이문학교육연구 Vol.17 No.1

본 연구는 유아의 리더십 증진 방안의 일환으로 협동학습 모형에 근거한 숲 체험활동이 3-5세유아의 리더십을 증진시킬 수 있을 것이라는 가정을 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 본 만 3,4세 유아 15명에게 협동학습 모형에 근거한 숲 체험 활동을 적용하였고, 비교집단 만 3, 4세 유아 15명에게는 3-5세 누리과정에 기초한 자유선택활동을 적용하였다. 또한 유아의 리더십을 측정하기 위하여 김경현(2007)의 AF분석법과 리더십 구성요소를 사용하였으며, 총 16주간 실험처치와 더불어 3회기에 걸쳐 반복측정을 실시하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 협동학습 모형에 근거한 숲 체험활동 집단과3-5세 누리과정에 기초한 자유선택활동 집단 간 처치회기에 따른 유아 리더십은 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 협동학습 모형에 근거한 숲 체험활동 집단과 3-5세 누리과정에 기초한 자유선택활동 집단 간 처치회기에 따른 유아 리더십의 하위요인 간에도 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서는 협동학습 모형에 근거한 숲 체험활동이 유아의 리더십과 하위요소에 미치는 영향이 크다는 것이 입증되었다. As an effort to promote young children’s leadership, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis ‘forest experience activities based on a cooperative learning model will enhance young children’s leadership’ by comparing them with play-centered integrated education activities. The subjects of this study were 15 three or four-year-old children for whom cooperative learning model based on a forest experience activities were applied, and 15 three or four-year-old children attending to whom free choice activities were applied. The children’s leadership was measured with Gyeong-Hyeon Kim’s AF analysis and leadership components. In order to analyze young children’s leadership behaviors based on the forest experience activities and play centered integrated education activities, the experimental treatment was done for 16 weeks’ experimental treatment was used. The results of this study for each research question are as follows. First, young children’s leadership during the treatment sessions was statistically significantly different between the cooperative learning model forest experience activity group and the free choice activity group. That is, young children’s leadership level was higher in the cooperative learning model forest experience activity group than in the free choice activity group. Second, a statistically significant difference was observed also in the sub-factors of leadership during the treatment sessions between the cooperative learning model forest experience activity group and the free choice activity group. In conclusion, it was proved shown in this study that ‘forest experience activities based on a cooperative learning model have a significant effect on young children’s leadership. The educational implication of this finding is that young children’s leadership may be enhanced through forest experience based on a cooperative learning model.

Genome-wide Association Study for the Identification of Useful SNPs Related to the Productivity in the KNOU Lettuce Core Collection

So-Hyun Kim,Dae-Gwan Kim,Jung-Bun Kim,Haying-Youl Lee,Yoon-Ah Jang,Seok-Woo Jang,Tae-Sung Kim 한국원예학회 2021 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2021 No.10

This study was carried out to provide preliminary data to find useful molecular markers that can improve lettuce productivity under hot weather conditions. Lettuce is circulated as a fresh product, so the fresh weight(FW, g) is the most critical measure to judge lettuce productivity. However, FW may not be a dependable breeding target since the breeding value might be low, potentially due to the high G(genetic)xE(environmental) effect. To search more reliable estimates, we investigated other productivity-related phenotypes, including leaf weight(LW, g), leaf number(LN, ea), effective leaf number(ELN, ea), leaf a rea(LA, ㎡), specific leaf weight(SLW, g/㎡) and specific leaf area(SLA, ㎡/g). First, we found a strong correlation between FW and LN (r = 0.7510), which is also supported by the PCA analysis, based on two years of field data. Second, we also performed the multiple linear regression analysis to confirm which phenotypes can explain FW variability. We found that LN, LW, LA, SLA, ELN, and SLW were significant terms. Finally, LN is the most critical term, explaining about 92% of the variability of the dependent variable, predicting 7.5g of FW is gained when a leaf of lettuce is augmented according to the model. We also noticed that LN could be a reliable breeding target to improve FW since the broad sense of heritability(H) of LN is 61.5% which is the highest among the phenotypes. Thus, we searched the possibilities of associated molecular markers with LN and proceeded to perform a genome-wide association study(GWAS) using 218,834 SNPs obtained from genotyping by sequencing(GBS) method. As a result, we found a prominent association peak for LN at chromosome 5, selecting 10 candidate SNPs based on P-value, allele frequency, and genotype quality. Among these, we found that allelic variation in the SNP that resides at chromosome 5 can increase 3.6 sheets of leaves in lettuce on average, concomitant with 27g of enhancement in FW. Therefore, we anticipate this study would provide valuable solutions to the lettuce breeding research community, improving lettuce productivity under hot weather conditions.

꽈배기 모자반 물 추출물의 항산화능과 물리적 특성에 대한 감마선 조사의 영향

김아람(Ah-Ram Kim),송유진(Eu-Jin Song),김미정(Mi-Jung Kim),이소영(So-Young Lee),김꽃봉우리(Koth-Bong-Woo-Ri Kim),김진희(Jin-Hee Kim),김서진(Seo-Jin Kim),홍용기(Yong-Ki Hong),박진규(Jin-Gyu Park),김재훈(Jae-Hun Kim),이주운(Ju-Woon Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2008 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.37 No.3

본 연구에서는 꽈배기모자반 물 추출물에 식품산업에서 사용이 확대되고 있는 감마선 조사기술을 이용하여 항산화능의 변화를 알아보고, 꽈배기모자반 물 추출물의 높은 점성과 짙은 색상으로 인한 문제점을 개선하고자 하였다. 꽈배기모자반 물 추출물의 감마선 조사에 따른 항산화능의 변화를 알아보기 위해 총 페놀화합물 함량을 측정하고 DPPH radical 소거능을 측정하였다. 그 결과, 3~20 kGy의 감마선을 조사한 꽈배기모자반 물 추출물은 조사선량이 증가할수록 총 페놀화합물 함량이 증가하였고, DPPH radical 소거능도 증가하여 감마선 조사에 의해 항산화능이 증진되었다. 그리고 꽈배기모자반 물 추출물에 감마선 조사 시 물리적 특성 변화를 알아보기 위해 색상과 점도를 측정한 결과, 감마선 조사선량이 증가할수록 색이 옅어지고 점성이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 꽈배기모자반 물 추출물에 감마선을 조사한 후 식품에 적용 시 가공특성을 개선시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 감마선 조사는 꽈배기모자반 물 추출물의 물리적 특성을 개선시키고 항산화능 또한 증진시키므로 식품산업에 적용 시 기존의 천연 항산화제의 단점을 개선시킬 수 있는 기술로서 사용이 확대될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. In this study, the antioxidant properties and physical characteristics of irradiated Sargassum siliquastrum water extract were evaluated. Samples were irradiated with Co<SUP>60</SUP> γ-ray at doses ranging from 3 to 20 kGy. They were then analyzed to investigate antioxidant properties, including total phenolic compound content and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. In addition, physical properties such as viscosity and color were evaluated. The results demonstrated that total phenolic compound content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were significantly improved (p<0.05) by irradiation. In terms of physical properties, viscosity and color were reduced in the irradiated extracts as compared to non-irradiated samples. In conclusion, gamma irradiation improved the antioxidant properties of Sargassum siliquastrum water extract, improving its original weak point as a natural antioxidant when applied in the food industry.