The oncoprotein, gankyrin, is up-regulated in middle ear cholesteatoma

Kim, Ki Hyun,Lim, Hye Jin,Kim, Yeon Ju,Kim, Seung Won,Kim, Young Sun,Tian, Chunjie,Park, Keehyun,Park, Tae Jun,Choung, Yun-Hoon Scandinavian University Press 2014 Acta oto-laryngologica Vol.134 No.3

<P><I>Conclusion:</I> Gankyrin seems to be a better biomarker for cholesteatoma compared with Ki-67. <I>Objective:</I> Gankyrin is an oncoprotein, and occurs in cancers but not in benign diseases. The goal of this study was to compare expression of gankyrin, p53, and a proliferation marker (Ki-67) in cholesteatoma and retroauricular skin (RAS), and to evaluate their significance as clinical parameters. <I>Methods:</I> The levels of expression of gankyrin, Ki-67, and p53 in 10 cholesteatoma and 10 paired samples of normal RAS were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot. The results were compared with clinical profiles to investigate a correlation. <I>Results:</I> The expression of gankyrin, Ki-67, and p53 proteins was observed in both basal and suprabasal layers of cholesteatoma. The intensity of gankyrin expression was ‘positive’ in two cases (20%) and ‘strongly positive’ in eight cases (80%); p53 expression in the suprabasal layer was ‘positive’ in 70% of cases; and the Ki-67 staining was ‘focal’ in 80% of cases. In RAS, these proteins were expressed dominantly in the basal layer. Western blot analysis showed that the gankyrin band was more intense in cholesteatoma than in RAS for three of four cases (<I>p</I> < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the expression of gankyrin, Ki-67, and p53 according to clinical variables.</P>

인체 대장암 및 자궁경부암에서 PCR-SSCP법을 이용한 Ki-ras 암유전자의 점돌연변이에 관한 연구

박영홍,백낙환,김현찬,김상효,홍관희,김기태,이기영 인제대학교 1994 仁濟醫學 Vol.15 No.2

인체 대장암 20례와 자궁경부암 10례의 암조직을 대상으로 c-Ki-ras 유전자 codon 12와 13에서의 점돌연변이를 알아보고자 polymerase chain reaction(PCR)과 single-strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP) 검사법을 시행하였다. 대장암의 경우 20례중 9례(45%)에서, 자궁경부암의 경우 10례중 1례(10%)에서 양성으로 나왔다. 대장암에서는 codon 12에서 GGT가 TGT로의 치환이 4례로서 가장 많았으며, AGT, CGT로의 치환이 각 1례였고 codon 13에서는 GGC가 GAC로의 치환이 2례, TGC로의 치환이 1례인 것으로 나타났다. 자궁경부암의 경우 codon 12에서 GGT가 AGT로의 치환이 1례인 것으로 나타났다. In an attempt to clarify the role of genetic alteration in the genesis of human colorectal and cervical cancers, tissue specimens from 20 patients with colorectal cancer and 10 patients with cervical cancer were examined for the presence of point mutation in K-ras2 exon 1 by single strand conformation polymorphism analysis of PCR product. Exon I of c-Ki-ras2 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and comparison was made between the normal and mutated genes by nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE) of PCR product and nucleotide sequence analysis using asymmetric PCR with direct sequencing. Genomic DNA from white blood cells were used as normal control and those from A427 cell line were used as mutated control. 1.PCR product from A427 cell line showed a distinct migration shift pattern compared to the normal control in PAGE and the direct sequencing indicated that nucleotide sequence of codon 12 was mutated from GGT to GAT. In addition, there was a loss of normal allele in A427 cell line. 2.PCR product from 9 cases(45%) out of a 20 colon cancer patients showed migration shifts in PAGE, and all of these 9 patients invariably demonstrated mutation of ras gene, either in codon 12(6 cases:30%) or 13(3 cases:15%). The base substitutions in codon 12 were: from GGT to AGT(1), CGT(1), or TGT(4). Base changes in codon 13 were from GGC to TGC(1) or GAC(2). 3.PCR product from 1 cases(10%) out of a 10 cervical cancer patients showed migration shrifts in PAGE, Invariably demonstrated mutation of ras gene in codon 12. The base substitutions was from GGT to AGT(1) TQE incidence of point mutation of c-Ki-ras in colon cancer was high, however, it was low in cervical cancer, which showed the relation of ruts gene mutation with colon cancer. PCR -SSCP analysis is a simple, rapid and efficient method of detection of point mutation, especially when dealing with multiple samples.

Comparison of controlled ovarian stimulation outcomes for fertility preservation in women with breast cancer according to KI-67, histologic grade, pathologic type, and cancer stage

( Eun Ji Oh ),( Yeon Hee Hong ),( Seul Ki Kim ),( Jung Ryeol Lee ),( Byung Chul Jee ),( Chang Suk Suh ),( Seok Hyun Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2020 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.106 No.-

Objective: This study aims to analyze that specific prognostic factors such as Ki-67 value, histologic grade, pathology type, and cancer stage can affect controlled ovarian stimulation outcomes(COS) for fertility preservation in women with breast cancer. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 92 patients with breast cancer aged 21-44 who underwent COS from August 2012 to April 2020, excluding patients with previous gonadotoxic therapy history. All COS cycles were conducted letrozole-combined random start GnRH antagonist protocol. COS outcomes were compared according to prognostic factors;Ki-67 (< 30% vs. ≥ 30%), histologic grade (low vs. high), and pathologic type (intraductal carcinoma(IDC) vs. triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)), and cancer stage (early (I, II) vs. advanced (III, IV)). Multivariate analysis was also conducted to find any parameter that can impact over 10 mature oocytes acquisition. Results: Among the 92 patients, 42 were Ki-67≥30% compared to 49 of Ki-67<30%. The number of oocytes, and initial mature oocytes were comparable between Ki-67<30% and ≥30 group. The maturation rate was significantly higher in Ki-67≥30% group than Ki-67<30% group (57.4±36.8% vs. 44.8±28.3%, p=0.041). The same results were drawn when divided according to IDC or TNBC. The maturation rate was significantly higher in TNBC than the IDC group (73.0±17.6% vs. 47.0±28.1% p=0.001). However, the histologic grade or stage did not show any difference in COS outcomes between high and low grade or early and advanced stages. With multivariate analysis, age and AMH are parameters associated with the acquisition of over 10 mature oocytes (OR 0.863, 95% CI [0.755-0.987], OR 1.408, 95% CI [1.145-1.732], respectively). Conclusion: Either Ki-67 or pathologic type can be a potential reliable marker for predicting COS outcome, especially maturation rate. Further study with larger sample size with specific conditions is necessary to clarify the correlation between breast cancer prognostic factors and COS outcomes.

쇄석분진을 이용한 발포 건축재의 제조

김태훈,김기현,김현태 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 2000 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.28 No.1

A rock dust as industrial waste during rock crushing was recycled to make a porous ceramics. Raw materials were mixed as a portion of rock dust(70vo1%), saw dust(30vo1%), bloating agents(10wt% of rock dust). The plate and tube shaped specimens were formed under the pressure of 1ton/㎠. The specimens were bloated at 1150℃ for 1 hour in the atmospheric ambient. The bloated porous ceramics have the characteristics-bulk density 0.6∼0.8g/㎤, compressive strength 77∼200kg/㎠ and thermal conductivity 0.58W/mK. Above the characteristics show that the bloated porous ceramics can be used in the field of refractory materials and light-weight constructional materials.

P196 : Effects of different electrical parameter settings on hair growth: the changes of dermal papilla cell in vitro and at microscopic level in animal tissue

( Ki Min Sohn ),( Kwan Ho Jeong ),( Joo Hyun Lee ),( Jung Eun Kim ),( Hoon Kang ) 대한피부과학회 2014 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.66 No.2

Background: Frequency electrical stimulation is clinically being used in variable skin therapeutic conditions such as skin rejuvenation and hair disorder. There have been several clinical studies demonstrating the positive effect of electrical stimuli on hair regrowth. However, its exact mechanism is yet to be clarified. Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate effects of different electrical parameter settings on hair growth by revealing the changes of dermal papilla cell in vitro and at microscopic level in animal tissue. Methods: Cultured dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and dorsal skin of rabbit were electrically stimulated with different parameter settings at alternating-current to find the optimal condition for hair growth. Cell viability and proliferation were measured by MTT. In addition, Ki67, proliferation marker, expression was measured by immunofluorescence. Hair growth-related gene expression in DPCs and the skin of rabbit were measured by RT-PCR. Results: At certain electrical settings, DPCs responded well and their proliferation was successfully induced. Wnt/β -catenin, Ki67, p-ERK and p-AKT expressions in DPCs increased at certain frequency settings. Dermal thickness and hair related genes (PDGF, VEGF, SOX9 and KGF) expressions in the skin of rabbit also significantly increased. Conclusion: These data suggest that electrical stimulations at certain electrical settings, may give more effective therapeutic outcomes for hair growth.

한국인 갑상선 수질암 환자에서 RET 원종양유전자 점돌연변이 양상

김형훈,김현진,정윤재,민용기,이명식,이문규,김광원,기창석,김종원,정재훈 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.4

연구배경: 갑상선 수질암의 25∼30%는 유전성으로 발현되는데, MEN 2A, MEN 2B 또는 가족성 수질암의 형태로 나타난다. RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이가 유전성 갑상선 수질암의 발생에 중요한 역할을 하므로, 진단 당시의 연령이나 가족력 유무에 관계없이 모든 갑상선 수질암 환자나 또는 RET 변이가 발견된 수질암 환자의 가족 구성원들에서 RET 변이 검색을 하여야 한다. 또한 일부 문헌에서 RET 변이의 양상에따라 임상상이 다르게 표현됨이 보고된 바 있다. 이에 저자들은 한국인 갑상선 수질암 환자에서 RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이의 양성률을 알아보고, 변이 양상에 따른 임상상의 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 치근 7년간 본원에서 갑상선절제술을 통해 갑상선 수질암으로 진단받은 29예에서 RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이 검사를 시행하였다. 29예의 평균연령은 39세(20∼60세)이었고, 남자 7예, 여자 22예 이었다. 이들의 말초혈액에서 genomic DNA를 분리하고, 특이 시발차를 이용하여 RET 원종양유전자의 exon10, 11, 13, 14, 16부위를 증폭하였다. 증폭된 부위를 자동염기서열분석기를 이용하여 직접 분석하였다. 양성으로 나온 경우는 모든 가족 구성원을 대상으로 RET 변이 유무를 검색하였다. 결과: 대상 환자 29예 중 9예 (31%)에서 RET 원종양유전자 점돌연변이가 발견되었다 RET 변이가 발견된 9예 (남자 3예, 여자 6예)의 평균 연령은 33세 (20∼51세)로 RET 변이가 발견되지 않은 20예의 평균연령 42세(24∼60세)보다 의미 있게 적었다. RET 변이가 발견된 9예 중 MEN 2A가 5예, 가족성 수질암이 1예, 그리고 산발성 수질암이 3예이었고, MEN 2B는단 1예도 진단되지 않았다. MEN 2A 5예 중 4예는 exon 11의 codon 634번(C634R 2예, C634Y 2예)에서, 그리고 나머지 1예는exon 10의 codon 618번 (C618R)에서 변이가 각각 발견되었다. 가족성 수질암 1아는 codon 634번(C634W)에서, 산발성 수질암 3예도 모두 codon 634번 (C634y 2예, C634s 1예)에서 각각 변이가 발견되었다. RET변이 양상 또는 위치에 따른 임상상의 차이는 발견할 수 없었다. 결론: 갑상선 수질암 환자 31%에서 RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이를 발견할 수 있었다. 유전성 수질암 중 가족성 수질암 1예를 제외하고 나머지 5예는MEN 2A이었다. 저자들의 5예와 지금까지 국내에서 보고 된 7예를 합친 국내 MEN 2A 12예 중 75% (9/12)는 exon 11의codon 634번(C634R 4예, C634y 4예, C634w 1예)에서, 그리고 나머지 25% (3/12)는 exon 10의 codon618번(C618R 2예, C618s 1예)에서 변이가 발견되었다. 국내에서는 codon 634과 codon 618 두 곳에만 국한된 양상이었고, codon 634에서의 C634R 변이는 1/3에서만 나타났다. 비록 본 연구에서는 제한된 환자 수 때문에 변이 양상과 임상상의 관계를 규명할 수 없었지만, 향후 많은 수의 환자를 대상으로 전향적인 연구를 시행하여 genotype-phenotype 관계 규명을 하는 것이 필요하다. Background: Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC) have been reported as hereditary in about 25 -30% of cases. The identification of germline mutation in RET proto-oncogene is important in the diagnosis of hereditary MTC, and occurs in three forms: MEN 2A, MEN 2B and familial MTC (FMTC). To evaluate the prevalence of the relationship of RET proto-oncogene mutation and genotype-phenotype was studied in Korean patients with MTC. Methods: Genomic DNA was obtained from 29 patients, with MTC, who underwent a total thyroidectomy, between 1997 and 2003, at the Samsung Medical Center. There were 7 male and 22 female patients, with an average age of 39, ranging from 20 to 60 years. Exon 10, 11, 13, 14 and 16 of the RET proto-oncogene were amplified, with specific primers, using PCR. A sequencing analysis was performed on the PCR product using an automatic sequencing analyzer. Results: Nine of the 29 patients (31%) were identified as having RET mutations. The average age of these 9 patients was 33 years, ranging from 20 to 51, with a female to male ratio of 2. Five patients had MEN 2A and one had FMTC, with the other 3 thought to have non-hereditary (sporadic) MTC. The 4 patients with MEN 2A had RET mutations on codon 634 of exon 11 (2 patients, C634R; 2 patients, C634Y) and the other patient on codon 618 of exon 10 (C618R). One patient with FMTC had a mutation on codon 634 (C634W). Three patients with sporadic MTC had RET mutations on codon 634 (2 patients, C634Y; 1 patient, C634S). However, no genotype- phenotype relationship could be found, due to the limited number of patients. Conclusion: Thirty-one percent (9/29) of the patients with MTC had RET proto-oncogene mutations. Three-quarters (9/12) of the Korean patients with MEN 2A, including another 7 patients reported in 3 papers in Korea, had RET mutations on codon 634 of exon 11 (4 patients, C634R; 4 patients, C634Y; 1 patient, C634W), but a quarter (3/12) had mutations on codon 618 of exon 10 (2 patients, C618R; 1 patient, C618S). Although no relations could be found between the genotypes and phenotypes, extensive prospective studies will be required to verify this (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:360-370, 2003).

항암화학요법 중 호중구감소증이 발생한 저위험군 발열 환자들을 대상으로 한 경구 항균제 요법의 임상적 유용성 및 안정성에 대한 연구

김연숙,이혁,기현균,김춘관,김신우,김성민,백경란,김원석,윤성수,이홍기,강원기,박찬형,박근칠,송재훈 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.1

목적 : 항암화학요법 중 호중구감소증을 동반한 발열이 발생하는 암환자들을 치료하기 위한 다양한 항균제와 여러 가지 방법들이 시도되고 있는 가운데, 합병증과 사망률의 발생가능성이 적은 저위험군 환자들을 대상으로 초기 72시간동안 정주 항균제를 투여한 이후 경구 항균제로 전환하는 요법의 유용성과 안정성을 평가해보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 1998년 2월부터 1999년 9월까지 본원에서 항암화학요법 중 호중구감소증과 발열이 발생한 환자들 가운데 기저 암질환이 고형암이거나 림프종이고, 입원당시 패혈증의 증후가 없으며 입원 72시간이내에 해열되고 백혈구수치가 증가 추세인 환자들을 대상으로 하여 72시간 동안 정주 항균제를 투여한 이후 경우 ciprofloxacin 750㎎을 하루 2회씩 투여하여 총 4일간 투여하였다. 모든 환자들은 열이 떨어지고 호중구감소증이 회복될 때까지 입원하도록 하였다. 결과 : 총 38명 환자의 40예가 등록이 되었고, 환자들의 기저암 질환은 고형함이 72.5%, 림프종이 27.5%였다. 입원당시 평균 호중구치수는 156/㎕였고, 호중구수치가 100/㎕미만인 경우는 65%였으며, 호중구감소증이 지속된 기간의 평균은 2.4일이었다. 40예 중 39예가 항균제의 변형이나 추가 없이 호중구감소증과 발열로부터 회복이 되어 97.5%의 성공율(95% 신뢰구간: 86.8-99.9%)을 보였다. 부작용으로 피부발진이 있었던 경우가 한 예 있었는데, 증상이 경하여 경구 항균제를 지속할 수 있었다. 심와부의 동통으로 복용을 지속할 수 없어서 대상에서 제외된 예가 또 한 예 있었다. 결론 : 항암요법 중 호중구감소증과 발열을 동반한 환자들 가운데 저위험군 환자들에서 항균제 72시간정주 이후 경구 항균제로의 전환요법은 효과적이고도 안전한 치료방법이라고 할 수 있다. Background : Oral antibiotic therapy following empirical intravenous antibiotics may be effective and safe for febrile neutropenic patients with lowrisk for complications. Methods : We conducted a prospective clinical trial of oral antibiotic therapy in the patients with neutropenia and fever during chemotherapy for cancer. Underlying malignancies were solid tumor or lymphoma with short duration of neurtropenia and the patients had no evidence of clinically or microbiologically documented infections. Oral ciprofloxacin was given to the patients who lacked signs of sepsis on admission, had a rising tendency of neutrophil count (ANC >100 /㎕ ) at 72 hours, and were afebrile at 72 hours. All patients were hospitalized until neutropenia and fever resolved. Results : A total of 40 episodes of 38 patients were enrolled from February 1998 to September 1999. The mean neutrophil counts on admission were 156/㎕ and the mean duration of neutropenia was 2.4 days. The episodes which had neutrophil count below 100 /㎕ were 26 (65%). Treatment was successful in 39 of 40 episodes (97.5% : 95 % confidence interval, 86.8% to 99.9%). Adverse reactions of oral ciprofloxacin were skin rash and epigastric soreness in two cases, respectively. There were no deaths during the study. Conclusions : For low-risk febrile patients with neutropenia during cancer chemotherapy, switch therapy to oral ciprofloxacin at 72 hours following intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics is effective and safe,

Relationship Between Biological Marker Expression and Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in Incidentally Detected Thyroid Cancer

Kim, Bo Hyun,Kim, In Joo,Kim, Sang Soo,Kim, Seong-Jang,Lee, Chang Hun,Kim, Yong-Ki Mary Ann Liebert 2010 Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals Vol.25 No.3

<P>The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms associated with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) uptake in an incidentally detected thyroid cancer during nonthyroid cancer evaluation. Among 92 patients (10 men and 82 women; mean age, 56.2 +/- 10.9 years; age range, 26-78 years) with focal thyroid FDG uptake during nonthyroid cancer evaluation, 14 patients with cytologically confirmed papillary thyroid cancer were included. For semiquantitative analysis, the maximal standardized uptake value was calculated. Immunohistochemical studies were performed for hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1alpha), HIF2alpha, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), GLUT3, carbonic anhydrase IX (CA-IX), hexokinase type II (HK II), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The significant findings of this study were as follows: (1) a lack of HIF1alpha and HIF2alpha expression; (2) low-degree expression of GLUT1 (1 patient), GLUT3 (5 of 14 patients), HK II (3 of 14 patients), and CA-IX (1 patient); and (3) high degree expression of VEGF (all 14 patients). The data presented in this study indicate that F-18 FDG uptake in incidentally detected thyroid cancer was not related to hypoxia-induced upregulation of GLUT1, GLUT3, CA-IX, and HK II. Ki-67 expression was not associated with F-18 FDG uptake. However, all incidentally detected thyroid cancers showed a high degree of expression of VEGF.</P>

수평 매복된 상악 중절치의 교정적 견인 : 증례 보고

김미니,김영재,김정욱,장기택,김종철,한세현,이상훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.4

본 증례는 수평 변위 매복과 치근 만곡을 가진 상악 중절치를 폐쇄 노출법을 이용한 교정적 견인을 시행하여 영구 전치의 기능과 심미성을 회복하였다. 상악 영구 전치가 수평으로 매복된 경우,가급적 조기에 발견하는 것이 중요하며, 촉진,시진,방사선 사진 등을 이용한 적절한 치료 계획의 수립이 필요하다. 상악 영구 전치의 매복이 조기에 적절히 치료되지 못하면 정중선의 변위,인접치의 이동에 의한 맹출 공간의 감소,치조골 높이의 차이 뿐만 아니라,이로 인한 심미적인 문제를 야기하여 소아 심리 발달에 해로운 영향을 줄 수 있기 때문이다. 매복치의 치료는 매복치의 형태,위치,상태에 따라 다양하나,주기적 관찰 방법,상부 연조직과 경조직을 단순히 제거하여 맹출을 유도하는 방법,외과적 노출 후 매복치를 교정적으로 견인하는 방법,치아 이식술,발치 등을 시행할 수 있다. 이중 이번 증례에서 시행한 매복치의 교정적 견인은 매복치의 치축이 정상 맹출로와 일치되지 않으며,주기적인 관찰 후 더 이상의 맹출이 기대되지 않을 때 시행하는 가장 일반적으로 적용되는 방법으로 매복의 심도,치아의 발육단계,만곡의 부위와 정도,수술방법과 견인방향 등을 고려하여 치료의 예후를 향상 시킬 수 있다. Maxillary central incisor impactions occur infrequently. Their origins include various local causes, such as odontoma, supernumerary teeth, space loss, and disturbances in the eruption path, also trauma and apical follicular cysts. Impacted teeth can cause serious dental and aesthetic difficulties as well as psychological problems especially in anterior regions. Although the impaction of maxillary incisor occurs less frequently than that of the maxillary canine. it is of concern to parents during the early mixed dentition stage because of the uneruption of the tooth. Forced eruption of impacted teeth should be considered in young patients because this technique can lead to suitable results from a periodontal, occlusal, and esthetic perspective at an earlier stage better than with other treatment options. This report presents the surgical and orthodontic treatment of cases with horizontally impacted and dilacerated maxillary central incisors. For each patient. we used the closed eruption method. placed an attachment on the impacted tooth on surgery, and fully closed the flap. Traction was applied immediately. The impacted tooth erupts through the healed tissue in a manner resembling normal eruption.

랫드에서 단일시험법을 이용한 반하 물추출물의 생식독성시험

이기남,유욱준,백인정,연정민,남상섭,이범준,남상윤,김윤배,강현규,안병우,김대중,황방연,노재섭,홍정섭,성하정,김순선,조대현,윤영원 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2006 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.7 No.1

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