Radiologic features of vascular pulsatile tinnitus - suggestion of optimal diagnostic image workup modalities

Lyu, Ah-Ra,Park, Sung Jae,Kim, Dami,Lee, Ho Yun,Park, Yong-Ho Scandinavian University Press 2018 Acta oto-laryngologica Vol.138 No.2

Comparision of osteoconductivity of biologic and artificial synthetic hydroxyapatite in experimental mastoid obliteration

Jang, Chul Ho,Cho, Yong Beom,Choi, Cheol Hee,Jang, Yoon Seok,Jung, Won-Kyo,Lee, Jong Kook Scandinavian University Press 2014 Acta oto-laryngologica Vol.134 No.3

<P><I>Conclusions:</I> To our knowledge, this is the first <I>in vivo</I> study to address the comparison between biologic hydroxyapatite (BHA) and artificial HA (AHA) materials for mastoid obliteration. From our results, it is believed that BHA has better osteoconductivity than AHA. <I>Objective:</I> The purpose of this study was to compare the osteoconductivity of AHA and BHA in a mastoid obliteration model in rats. <I>Methods:</I> BHA and AHA were fabricated. Bulla obliteration was carried out in group A (<I>n</I> = 10, BHA) and group B (<I>n</I> = 10, AHA). The animals were administered fluorescent bone labels for a qualitative evaluation of bone formation. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride was administered at 2 weeks, calcein at 4 weeks, and alizarin red at 8 weeks. The animals were sacrificed at 12 weeks post surgery. They were evaluated by micro-CT and histological investigation. <I>Results:</I> Neither BHA nor AHA exhibited signs of resorption until 12 weeks of obliteration. However, the accelerated osteoconductive bone formation in the BHA group was better than in the AHA group according to micro-CT and confocal microscopic findings.</P>

Dual specificity phosphatase 6 as a predictor of invasiveness in papillary thyroid cancer.

Lee, Jung Uee,Huang, Songmei,Lee, Min Hee,Lee, Seong Eun,Ryu, Min Jeong,Kim, Soung Jung,Kim, Yong Kyung,Kim, Seul Young,Joung, Kyong Hye,Kim, Jin Man,Shong, Minho,Jo, Young Suk Scandinavian University Press 2012 European journal of endocrinology Vol.167 No.1

<P>The genetic mutations causing the constitutive activation of MEK/ERK have been regarded as an initiating factor in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The ERK-specific dual specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) is part of the ERK-dependent transcriptional output. Therefore, the coordinated regulation of the activities of ERK kinases and DUSP6 may need to be reestablished to make new balances in PTC.</P>

Recombinant human BMP-2 enhances osteogenesis of demineralized bone matrix in experimental mastoid obliteration

Jang, Yoon Seok,Choi, Cheol Hee,Cho, Yong Beom,Kang, Myung-Koo,Jang, Chul Ho Scandinavian University Press 2014 Acta oto-laryngologica Vol.134 No.8

<P><I>Conclusions:</I> From the results, recombinant human bone morphogenic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) activated demineralized bone matrix (DBM) for the enhancement of bone regeneration. These results might provide a basis for the clinical application of BMP-2 in mastoid obliteration. <I>Objective:</I> The purpose of this study was to evaluate the enhanced osteogenesis of rhBMP-2-loaded DBM using a gelatin sponge in the mastoid obliteration model. <I>Methods:</I> The bulla obliteration was done using rhBMP-2 (0.075 mg/ml)/DBM in experimental group I (<I>n</I> = 7) and rhBMP-2 (0.375 mg/ml)/DBM in experimental group II (<I>n</I> = 7). In the control group (<I>n</I> = 7), the bullae were obliterated using PBS/DBM. To assess the active mineralization of new bone formation, each group received intravenous calcein blue at 4 weeks, oxytetracycline hydrochloride at 8 weeks, and alizarin red at 10 weeks. The animals in each group were sacrificed 12 weeks post-surgery. Osteogenesis was evaluated by in vivo CT and histological observation. <I>Results:</I> The largest amount of bone had formed in experimental group II compared with other groups according to CT and histopathological findings. Histomorphometric analysis showed that there were significant differences between each group. Confocal microscopic findings revealed that three distinct colors that corresponded to sequential osteogenesis were observed in group II. However, poor sequential osteogenesis was observed in the control group.</P>

Increased expression of Dec-205, Bcl-10, Tim-3, and Trem-1 mRNA in chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma

Kim, Myung Gu,Park, Dong Choon,Oh, In-Hwan,Kim, Young Il,Choi, Sun A,Jung, Su Young,Kang, Ho Min,Yeo, Seung Geun Scandinavian University Press 2014 Acta oto-laryngologica Vol.134 No.5

<P><I>Conclusion:</I> The increased expression of Dec-205, Bcl-10, Tim-3, and Trem-1 mRNAs indicates that these pattern recognition receptors are involved in the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma. <I>Objective:</I> Changes in expression of pattern recognition receptors may be associated with immune responses in patients with cholesteatoma. We therefore assessed the levels of expression of Dec-205, Bcl-10, Tim-3, and Trem-1 mRNAs associated with innate immune responses in patients with cholesteatoma. <I>Methods:</I> Cholesteatoma specimens were collected from 23 patients diagnosed with acquired cholesteatoma from August 2010 to July 2012. The posterior auricular skin of each patient was used as control. The levels of expression of Dec-205, Bcl-10, Tim-3, and Trem-1 mRNA were assessed quantitatively using real-time RT-PCR and correlated with sex, hearing level, the presence of bacteria, and the need for repeat surgery. <I>Results:</I> The levels of expression of Dec-205, Bcl-10, Tim-3, and Trem-1 mRNAs were significantly higher in cholesteatoma than in control skin samples (<I>p</I> < 0.05 each). However, mRNA abundance was not associated with patient sex, hearing level, presence of bacteria or history of reoperation (<I>p</I> > 0.05 each).</P>

High-risk human papillomavirus and lymph node size in patients with single node metastasis of oral and oropharyngeal cancer

Joo, Young-Hoon,Cho, Kwang-Jae,Park, Jun-Ook,Nam, In-Chul,Kim, Chung-Soo,Kim, Min-Sik Scandinavian University Press 2014 Acta oto-laryngologica Vol.134 No.4

<P><I>Conclusion:</I> High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection was significantly related to lymph node size in patients with single node metastasis of oral and oropharyngeal cancer. <I>Objective:</I> The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between high-risk HPV infection and lymph node size in patients with single node metastasis of oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma. <I>Methods:</I> This study included 48 patients with oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma. Pathologic lymph node stages comprised 36 N1 and 12 N2a. <I>Results:</I> High-risk HPV in situ hybridization was positive in 29% of patients (14/48). Of those patients with high-risk HPV, there was a significant difference (<I>p</I> = 0.008) between oral (9.5%) and oropharyngeal (44.4%) cancers. Average lymph node diameter was 20.7 ± 12.6 mm (range 5-54 mm). We found a positive correlation between high-risk HPV status and lymph node size (<I>p</I> = 0.018). Mean lymph node diameter in high-risk HPV-positive cases was 27.3 ± 13.1 mm and 18.0 ± 11.5 mm in high-risk HPV-negative cases. Extracapsular spread (<I>p</I> = 0.030) and cystic nodal metastases (<I>p</I> = 0.019) were also significantly related to lymph node size. High-risk HPV negative status (<I>p</I> = 0.043), advanced tumor stage (<I>p</I> = 0.009), and extracapsular spread (<I>p</I> = 0.038) all had significant adverse effects on 5-year disease-specific survival.</P>

Novel experimental rabbit model of anterior glottic web formation

Kwon, Seong Keun,Kim, Dong Wook,Ryu, Yoon-Jong,Kim, Soo yeon,Chang, Hyun,Sung, Myung Whun,Hah, J. Hun Scandinavian University Press 2015 Acta oto-laryngologica Vol.135 No.8

<P><I>Conclusion:</I> The rabbit model of anterior glottic web (AGW) formation using the laryngofissure technique resulted in reproducible and stable AGW formation that may facilitate research into this area. <I>Objective:</I> To introduce and validate a novel experimental animal model of AGW formation using the rabbit. <I>Methods:</I> The inner larynges of eight New Zealand white rabbits were exposed through the laryngofissure technique. The mucosa of the bilateral true vocal fold was stripped off using the bevel of a needle tip. On the basis of the laryngoscopic findings at 8 weeks postoperatively, the extent of AGW was measured, and the success of this procedure was validated. Laryngeal specimens were sampled at 8 weeks for high-speed recording and histological analysis. <I>Results:</I> In seven (87.5%) rabbits, laryngoscopic examination revealed the formation of a scar band involving the anterior commissure. The mean extent of AGW ratio on the left and right sides was 0.58 ± 0.073 and 0.55 ± 0.075, respectively. The symmetric formation of AGW (<I>p</I> = 0.655, <I>p</I> = 0.128) and stability of the AGW procedure (<I>p</I> = 0.491, left; <I>p</I> = 0.501, right) were statistically validated. On high-speed recording, the vocal mucosal wave was hindered by AGW formation. Histologically, fibro-connective tissue, especially collagen fiber, was observed in the anterior commissure.</P>

Clinical roles of fixation suppression failure in dizzy patients in the ENT clinic

An, Se-Young,Kim, Bong Jik,Suh, Myung-Whan,Rhee, Chung-Ku,Jung, Jae Yun Scandinavian University Press 2014 Acta oto-laryngologica Vol.134 No.11

<P><I>Conclusion:</I> Any test for visual fixation suppression by itself is insufficient for screening central pathology and should be interpreted in conjunction with other neurotologic findings. <I>Objectives:</I> We evaluated the correlation of visual fixation suppression (VFS) under three different test conditions (spontaneous nystagmus, caloric stimulation, and slow harmonic acceleration, SHA), as well as the diagnostic accuracy of each test for predicting central pathology, in dizzy patients. <I>Methods:</I> We retrospectively reviewed cases in a tertiary referral center; 504 consecutive dizzy patients who visited the ENT clinic were enrolled. The fixation index (FI, slow component velocity during fixation/slow component velocity before fixation × 100%) for the caloric test and spontaneous nystagmus was calculated and failure was indicated when the FI was greater than 60%. VFS during the SHA test at a frequency of 0.04 Hz was also performed and gain more than 0.2 was considered as failure of VFS. <I>Results:</I> The incidence of VFS failure was 5.4% in the caloric test, 3.4% in spontaneous nystagmus, and 2.3% in the SHA test, respectively. Significant correlation was found only between the caloric test and the SHA test (<I>r</I> = 0.341, <I>p</I> < 0.001). The sensitivity of VFS in different tests did not exceed 35%. The specificity of VFS was highest (96.4%) in the 0.04 Hz SHA test, and exceeded 80% in the other tests.</P>

Differences in taste detection thresholds between normal-weight and obese young adults

Park, Dong Choon,Yeo, Joon Hyung,Ryu, In Yong,Kim, Sang Hoon,Jung, Junyang,Yeo, Seung Geun Scandinavian University Press 2015 Acta oto-laryngologica Vol.135 No.5

<P><I>Conclusion:</I> Compared with normal-weight individuals, obese young adults exhibited a significantly higher taste threshold for salty taste. Smoking also affected taste functions in this population. <I>Objective:</I> The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in taste detection thresholds between normal-weight and obese young adults. <I>Methods:</I> Taste threshold was measured using electrogustometry (EGM) and chemically with sucrose, NaCl, citric acid, and quinine hydrochloride in 41 volunteers in their twenties, 23 with body mass index (BMI) <23 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP> (normal-weight group) and 18 with BMI >25 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP> (obese group). <I>Results:</I> BMI was significantly higher in the obese than in the normal-weight group (<I>p</I> < 0.05). The obese group exhibited significantly higher EGM thresholds than the normal-weight group on the right (<I>p</I> < 0.05) and left (<I>p</I> < 0.05) posterior tongue. In chemical taste tests, the obese group had higher thresholds for sweet, salty, sour, and bitter tastes than the normal-weight group, although the difference in threshold was significant only for salty taste (<I>p</I> < 0.05). Smoking had an impact on taste threshold, with smokers having higher thresholds than non-smokers, with significantly higher EGM thresholds on the right anterior and posterior and the left anterior tongue (<I>p</I> < 0.05 each).</P>

Conductive deafness with normal eardrum: absence of the long process of the incus

Park, Keehyun,Choung, Yun-Hoon,Shin, You Ree,Hong, Sung Pyo Scandinavian University Press 2007 Acta oto-laryngologica Vol.127 No.8

<P> Conclusions. The most likely cause of lesions with an absence of the long process of the incus was congenital origin because many cases were associated with the stapedial anomaly. However, the possibility of a potential inflammation of this lesion could not be completely excluded, especially in cases with only an absence of the long process of the incus. Objective. To clarify whether the absence of the long process of the incus is caused by congenital anomaly or a potential inflammation. Subjects and methods. A total of 21 patients (5 bilateral cases, 16 unilateral cases) with absence of the long process of the incus were reviewed. Operative and histopathological findings of the removed incus were analyzed. Results. The 21 cases with absence of the long process of the incus were classified into 6 types. Thirteen cases showed the absence of the long process associated with the stapedial anomaly, which were all unilateral. Eight cases showed no association with the stapedial anomaly, among which five cases were bilateral. Three of eight cases not associated with the stapedial anomaly showed evidence of resorption in the incus body such as fibrosis and Haversian canal widening.</P>