Overexpression of Zoysia ZjCIGR1 gene confers cold stress resistance to zoysiagrass

Yang‑Ji Kim,Dae‑Hwa Yang,Mi‑Young Park,Hyeon‑Jin Sun,Pill‑Soon Song,Hong‑Gyu Kang,Seok‑Cheol Suh,Yong‑Eok Lee,이효연 한국식물생명공학회 2020 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.14 No.1

Zoysia japonica Steud. is a warm-season lawn grass popular in Korea and elsewhere. They are cultivated in many places such as river banks, roadside, and play grounds. However, there still is a disadvantage of frequent mowing, and the grass grows poorly under the chilly conditions. To develop a grass variety that circumvents these drawbacks, we cloned the chitininducible gibberellins-responsive1 gene (CIGR1) from zoysiagrass. The full length of the ZjCIGR1 (Zj; Zoysia japonica Steud.) gene was obtained by 5′/3′ RACE PCR and the phylogenetic tree showed that it belonged to the CIGR1-subgroup in the PAT1-group of GRAS protein family. Expression of the ZjCIGR1 in wild-type plants was confirmed in roots, meristems, leaves, and flowers, especially high in the flowers. The transgenic zoysiagrass was confirmed by PCR using gene-specific primers, phosphinothricin-acetyl-transferase (PAT) strip test, and Southern blot analysis. ZjCIGR1-overexpressing plants acquired tolerance to cold stress displaying morphological phenotypes characteristic of stress resistance. In addition, in the transformants, expression of the ZjCIGR1 as well as cold-regulated (COR) gene was increased compared to the wild-type plants under cold stress condition. These results suggest that ZjCIGR1 gene is an important candidate for regulating cold stress resistance.

항정신병약물 사용 중인 정신분열병 환자에서 올란자판으로의 교체 방법에 관한 연구(II) : Comparison of Safety 안전성 비교

안용민,권용실,권준수,민성호,박두병,양문정,소형석,송종호,신윤식,우행원,유범희,이홍석,정한용,한창환,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.5

연구목적: 이 다기관 공동임상연구는 사용 중인 항정신병약물을 ’직접 교체 방법’또는 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’중 한 가지 방법으로 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, 안정성 측면에서 두 교체 방법 간의 비교와 교체후의 변화를 관찰하기 위한 것이다. 방법: 국내 13개 병원의 입원 및 외래에 내원한 환자들 중 ICD-10 지단기준으로 정신분열병에 해당되며, 임상적으로 항정신병약물 교체가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 두 가지 교체 방법 중 한 가지를 무작위로 피험자에 적용하였으며, ’직접 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우에는 사용중인 항정신병약물을 일시에 중단하고 10㎎의 올란자핀을 바로 투여하였고, ’시작-감량 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우는 10㎎의 올란자핀 투여하고 2주에 걸쳐서 기존 약물을 감량하여 중단하였다. 올란자핀 사용기간은 총 6주이며, 용량은 5∼20㎎ 범위로 제한하였다. 한정성 평가를 위해서 체중, 생명징후, 자발적인 이상반응 복, 실험실 검사 그리고 Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes akathisia rating scale(BARS), Abnormal involuntary movement scale(AIMS). Liverpool University neuroleptic side effect rating scale(LUNSERS)등을 이용하였다. 결과: 총 103명의 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 사용한 올란자핀의 용량, 벤조디아제핀의 병용률, 탈락률과 탈락 사유, 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 생명징후, 실험실 검사 그리고 대부분의 부작용 척도 상에서 임상적으로 의미 있는 차이를 두 교체 방법간에 발견하지 못하였다. 다만 AIMS의 감소는 ’직접 교체 방법’군에서 보다 적었고, 항콜린제의 병용률은 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’군에서 보다 많았다. 기저 상태에서 전체 피험자의 SAS와 BARS 점수는 각각 3.5점과 1.8점이었으며 70% 이상의 피험자가 고프로락틴 혈증을 보였다. 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, SAS, BARS, AIMS 점수의 유의한 감소가 있었으며 고프로락틴 혈증을 보인 피험자 분율도 약 30%이하로 감소하였다. 그러나 교체 방법과 상관없이 올란자핀 교체 후 유의한 체중 증가가 있었다. 결론: 이 연구를 통해 교체 방법에 관계없이 비교적 안전하고 용이하게 올란자핀으로 교체 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물을 올란자핀으로 교체함으로써 일부 부작용들을 줄일 수 있음을 간접적으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 하지만 이 연구는 여러 제한점과 문제점을 지니고 있기 때문에 보다 체계적인 연구를 통해 검정이 필요하리라 생각된다. Objectives: This multicenter clinical trial involving 13 hospital sites compared the safely of switching to olanzapine between ’direct switching method’ and ’start-tapering switching method’. Method: This study included both inpatients and outpatients who fulfilled the criteria for schizophrenia as defined in the ICD-10, and were in need to be appropriate for switching antipsychotics. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two switching methods. For ’direct switching method’group, previous antipsychotics were abruptly discontinued and 10㎎ of olanzapine was administered, and previous antipsychotics was gradually tapered for 2 weeks. Olanzapine was used for 6 weeks and the dose was adjusted within the range of 5-20㎎. The safety of switching to olanzapine was measured with vital sings including body weight, adverse events reported spontaneously, laboratory tests, and various scales such as Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale(BARS). Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale(AIMS), and Liverpool University Neuroleptic Side Effect Rating Scale(LUNSERS). Results: 103 patients were switched to olanzapine in this study. The comparison between two switching methods did not show any significant difference in the dosage of olanzapine used, the concomitant use of benzodiazepine, the rate and reasons of drop-out, the adverse events, vital signs, laboratory tests, and most scales for measuring side-effects. However, the decrease in AIMS scores was significantly lower in ’direct switching method’ group, and the concomitant use of anticholinergics was comparatively greater in ’start-tapering switching method’ group. At baseline, SAS and BARS scores were 3.5 and 1.8 points respectively, and more than 70% of the subjects showed hyperprolactinemia. After switching to olanzapine, SAS, BARS, and AIMS scores were significantly decreased and the proportion of the patients with hyperprolactinemia was also decreased to less than 30%. However significant weight gain after the treatment of olanzapine was observed regardless of switching method. Conclusion: This study may suggest that switching to olanzapine can be done with relatively high safety regardless of switching methods and olanzapine can significantly decrease some side-effects induced by other antipsychotics.

술전 Aminotransferase의 측정과 분석평가 : SGOT and SGPT

양홍석,진홍용 중앙대부설한국의과학연구소 1986 한국의과학 Vol.18 No.1

여성 요실금에서 Kontinence™와 Compact Elite™의 치료효과 비교

양상국,정상원,오미희,노용수,김홍섭,우응제,박승훈,이수열 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1999 건국의과학학술지 Vol.9 No.-

Biofeedback and pelvic floor electrical stimulation are new modalities that have been advocated for the treatment of female urinary incontinence. The aim of this study was to compare prospectively the therapeutic effect of Kontinence™(HMT Co., Korea) with Compact Elite™(ECL Co., France) in female urinary incontinence. All patients were evaluated with a complete history, physical examination, urinalysis, urine culture and urodynamic study. Eighteen patients were treated with Compact Elite™, and thirteen patients with Kontinence™. Enrolled patients had completed 8 office sessions consisting of biofeedback and intravaginal electrical stimulation according to the program of each machines. Overall treatment response was graded by patients on a scale of complete cure to aggravation. At two weeks after last session, overall improvement rate was 78% in Compact Elite™group and 92% in Kontinence™group(p>0.05). Overall patients' acceptability during treatment course was greater than 80% in both machines(p>0.05). There were no unexpected clinical findings during Kontinence™ treatment. After Kontinence™treatment, there were no laboratory changes including electrocardiography, complete blood count, liver function profile, and chest PA. These results showed that the biofeedback and electrical stimulation with Kontinence™was safe and moderately effective for female urinary incontinence comparable to Compact Elite™. However, long-term results of a larger patients are needed to ensure the therapeutic effect of Kontinence™.

고환수염전과 동반된 고환미석증 1예

양상국,신현준,김홍섭,정상원,노용수,김상윤 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1999 건국의과학학술지 Vol.9 No.-

Testicular microlithiasis is a rare disease characterized by calcifications within the seminiferous tubules. Testicular microlithiasis has been found with a wide variety of testicular pathology, but to our knowledge its association with torsion of appendix testis has been reported only one case. Therefore, we report on an 13-year-old boy with torsion of testis appendix and bilaterally diffusely echogenic testes on sonography.

중증 만성정신질환자 수의 추산 : Through Two Community Surveys 두 지역사회 조사를 중심으로

홍진표,김윤,배재남,정유진,강영호,양병국,김용익,김병후,이철,조맹제 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.2

국내 중증 만성정신질환자 수를 추정하기 위하여 일 농촌 및 대도시 지역의 지역의료보험 및 의료보호 대상자 중 1993년 1년간 의료기관에서 정신증 상병(ICD-9 code 상 290-299) 및 알콜 남용/중독, 성격장애 및 정신박약 진단하에 치료를 받은 적이 있는 사람에 대해 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구자들이 개발한 진단도구를 이용하여 진단을 평가하고, Strauss-Carpenter scale 등을 이용하여 기능 장애를 평가하고 유병기간 등을 조사하였다. 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 진단평가상 정신분열병군(61.1%)이 가장 많았으며, 정동장애군(23.7%), 알콜장애군(11.2%), 기질성 정신장애군(4.0%)의 순서이었다. 2) 직업활동정도는 진단군별로 차이가 많았다. 지난 1년간 직업활동이 6개월 미만이거나 전혀 없는 환자 비율이 정신분열병군은 67.2%, 알콜장애군 52.0%, 정동장애20.8%의 순으로 정신분열병군이 가장 불량하였다. 3) 사회활동도 진단군별로 차이가 많아서 지난 1년간 의도적, 사회활동이 없는 비율이 정신분열병군이 가장 높았고(72.3%), 알콜장애군(32.0%), 정동장애군(20.7%)의 순이었다. 4) 국내 의료보험 및 사회복지시설 이용 자료 등을 토대로 본 조사 결과를 적용한 결과 국내중증 만성 정신질환자의 수는 약 8만 7천명으로 추산되었다. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate the number of serious and persistent mentally ill patients in Korea. Methods : Study populations were recruited from medical insurance data of two district areas ; one rural and the other urban areas. Subject were all mentally ill who had ever visited any hospital in 1993 and were diagnosed as having psychosis, personality disorder and drug abuse. We conducted a home visiting survey applying semi-structured diagnostic interview, assessing the level of social adjustment with Strauss-Carpenter Scale, and past psychiatric history by the trained researchers, in October and November,1994. Results : According to diagnostic assessment schizophrenic patients constituted the major portion(61.1%) of study subjects. The distribution of occupational functions and social contacts was variable according to diagnosis. Most schizophrenic patients were unemployed or worked less than 6 months in the previous year(67.2%), and showed poor social contact(72.3%). But affective disorder patients were relatively independent in job maintenance and social relationship. Alcoholic patients lay between those of schizophrenic and affective disorder groups. It was estimated that about 87,000 adult Koreans were suffering from chronic mental disorders which seriously interfere with their daily life. Conclusions : Serious and persistent mentally ill patients were common in Korea. Community support program should be provided for them.

경도인지장애 환자에서 복합-일상활동의 제한

홍지혜,정한용,김양래,이소영,김진만 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.4

Objectives : Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is distinguished from mild dementia by an absence of global intellectual deterioration and the preservation of activities of daily living (ADL). Recently, however, it became apparent that impairment of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) is present before the threshold of dementia is reached. Thus, we want to examine whether IADL are impaired in patients with MCI, and which items of IADL are particularly involved. We divided the MCI group into amnestic (aMCI) and non-amnestic MCI (naMCI), and compared to the cognitively nonnal controls. In this study, we focused on the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Methods : The sample consisted of 69 community-dwelling older adults from a welfare center for the aged in Korea. The subjects were divided into three diagnostic groups; aMCI [N=19, memory domains below -1.5 standard deviation (SD)], naMCI (N= 19, other cognitive domains below -1.5 SD, except memory domains) and cognitive normal controls (N=31). Subjects were assessed both on IADL and the cognitive function. In order to assess the IADL, we used the Seoul -Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (S-IADL). Included measures of cognitive tests are as follows ; Seoul Verbal Learning Test (SVLT), Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT), Korean-Boston Naming Test (K-BNT), Stroop test, and Korean-Mini Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE). Groups were compared on the S-IADL and the cognitive tests. Results : The three groups did not differ in the mean age, gender distribution and years of education. S-IADL were shown to be different between the groups in this study. Suects with aMCI were significantly more impaired in S-IADL in comparison to the controls [F (2,50) = 4.251, P=0.020]. And on four items ofS-IADL (shopping, transportation, medication and talking about recent events), subjects with aMCI showed higher impairment compared to the controls. However, the S-IADL did not differ between the subjects with naMCI and controls. Conclusion : In this study, impairment of S-IADL was shown in subjects with aMCI. And S-IADL ofnaMCI was not Significantly differed from aMCI and controls. The results suggest that naMCI would be distinguished from aMCI in characteristics and prognosis.

소세포종양에 관한 면역조직화학적 및 전자현미경적 연구

서재홍,임성철,김용임,양정열 대한병리학회 1997 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.31 No.11

흰쥐에서 Cumambrin A의 대동맥 이완작용

홍용근,양민석,박윤배 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2005 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2005 No.

We previously reported that the exogenous administration of cumambrin A, a sesquiterpene lactone from the dried flowers of Chrysanthemum boreale Makino has a pharmacological effect on normalization of blood pressure in the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In the present study, we further investigated the effect of cumambrin A on the relaxation of phenylephrine-induced precontracted rat aortic artery rings. The potency of cumambrin A was then compared to verapamil, a well known Ca^(2+)-channel blocker. The results demonstrate that the isolated rat aortic arteries are relaxed to basal tension at a concentration of 5X10^(-5)M cumambrin A treatment. The results also show that the phenylephrine-induced contraction is inhibited by a pretreatment of cumambrin A. Co-treatment of cumambrin A and verapamil showed a strong synergetic effect on the relaxation of rat aortic artery rings. Thus, these data demonstrate that cumambrin A is a potent relaxant of rat aortic smooth muscle and suggest that cumambrin A modulates intracellular or extracellular Ca^(2+) mobilization.

대동맥 이첨판과 승모판 이탈증을 동반한 대동맥 판하부 협착 1예

김용화,장경식,양태영,임영국,안기완,홍순표 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1993 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.18 No.1

Discrete subaortic stenosis is a rare cardiac disorder especially in Orientals which occupies eight to ten percent of aortic stenosis, It occurs mainly before age of eighteen and accompanies with aortic valve abnormalities such as aortic stenosis, supravalvrlar stenosis, bicuspid valve and muscular hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, and other cardiac abnormalities such as ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis and coarctation of aorta. There is no report of discrete subaortic stenosis accompanied with mitral valve prolapse. The major complications of discrete subaortic stenosis are aortic insufficiency, and subacute bacterial endocarditis. We report a case of asymptomatic nineteen-year-old male of discrete subaotic stenosis with bicuspid aortic valve and mitral valve prolapse, which is comfirmed by two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography including transesophaigeal echocardiography.