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이창섭,송진수,최평균,조재현,방지환,박경화,박완범,김홍빈,김남중,윤성수,박선양,김병국,오명돈,최강원 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.5
혈액질환 가운데 결핵 발생이 증가한다고 알려진 것은 호지킨 림프종을 포함한 림프증식성질환 그리고 모양세포성 백혈병 등이 있다. 또한 동종 골수이식을 받은 환자에서도 결핵은 증가한다고 알려져있다. Kaplan 등은 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 결핵 발생이 증가한다고 보고하였다. 그러나 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 결핵의 발생이 증가하는 이유에 대해서는 아직까지 정확하게 밝혀지지 않았다. 저자들이 2년 동안 후향적으로 조사한 180명의 성인 골수구성 백혈병 환자들 가운데 결핵이 발생한 환자는 4명이었고, 발생 부위는 모두 림프절이었다. 결핵은 골수구성 백혈병의 특정 아형에만 국한되어 발생하지 않았지만, 50%에서 FAB 분류에 의한 M4였다. 림프절이 종대된 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 특히, 결핵의 유병율이 높은 나라에서는 결핵성 림프절염도 감별진단에 포함시켜야 한다. During the neutropenic phase, leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy are prone to bacterial and, fungal infections; occasionally mycobacterial, viral and protozoal organisms may also cause infections. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was reported very rarely in these patients. This report describes four patients with M. tuberculosis infection identified from 185 adult patients who were diagnosed myelogenous leukemia between January 2003, and December 2004. There was no patient with M. tuberculosis infection from 44 lymphoid leukemia and 11 acute biphenotypic leukemia patients. Sites of infection were all lymph nodes. Three among four patients were presented with lymphadenopathy at initial diagnosis of leukemia, and the other one presented with lymphadenopathy after induction chemotherapy. There was no patient presented with lymphadenopathy during the neutropenic phase. Tuberculous lymphadenitis was presented in a patient with three acute myelogenous leukemia (FAB class 2 M4, 1 M2) and a chronic myelogenous leukemia, accelerated phase. An acute myelogenous leukemia patient had a leukemic cell and tubercle bacilli in the same lymph node. Tuberculosis should also be included as a differential diagnosis in myelogenous leukemia patient with lymphadenopathy, especially in the countries in which the disease is endemic.
權炳善,李起和,韓惠媛 홍익대학교 경영연구소 2002 경영연구 Vol.27 No.-
The purpose of this study is to understand the value and effect of Dance Sport as Sport for all, and to activate Dance Sport for university student. The respondents for this study were sampled among 600 university students in Seoul and the final analysis included responses from 568 respondents. The statistical methods employed in this study are frequency analysis and chi-square test. Results obtained from this research are as followed: 1. It is needed to unify the term, "Dance Sport" for the activation of Dance Sport. 2. University students recognize the value and effects of the Dance Sport as Sport For All positive through the class and most of them want to attend advanced class of Dance Sports. 3. In order to activate Dance Sport as Sport For All, the change of the public recognition of Dance Sport, the proper public information of the government, and the educating qualified leaders are urgently asked.
유압 인버터 엘리베이터에서의 극저속 속도제어를 위한 퍼지논리 제어기의 설계
한권상,김병화,이우철,장태호,이건학,사공석진,안현식,김도현 대한전자공학회 1999 夏季綜合學術大會 論文集 Vol.22 No.1
In this paper, a fuzzy logic controller is designed for speed control of a hydraulic inverter elevator. Mathematical modeling of an elevator actuated with hydraulic system is presented and the friction characteristics of a cylinder is examined, which may cause the abrupt increase of the acceleration in the zero-crossing speed region. Simulation results show that the proposed fuzzy logic speed controller yields a better control performance than conventional PID controller.
녹차 및 결명자 추출물의 교정용 브라켓과 치면 사이의 경계부에서 분리된 mutans streptococci에 대한 항균작용
임성훈,서정순,윤영주,김광원,유소영,김화숙,국중기,이병래,차종희,박재윤 대한치과교정학회 2003 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.33 No.5
본 연구는 치아우식증에 관련된 Mutans streptococci 표준균주 및 임상분리 균주의 성장억제를 유도할 수 있는 천연 생약추출물을 검색하기 위하여 실시되었다. 녹차추출물은 CHMC-2032를 사용하였으며, 결명자 추출물은 50% 에탄올을 이용하여 얻었다. 이들 추출물의 Mutans streptococci 표준균주 및 교정환자들에서 브라켓과 치면 사이의 경계부에서 분리된 각각 10 균주씩의 S. mutans 및 S. sobrinus에 대한 최소성장억제농도를 액체배지 희석법으로 구하였다. 그 결과 CHMC-2032의 S. mutans 및 S. sobrinus의 표준 균주, S. sobrinus의 대부분 임상분리 균주에 대한 최소성장억제농도는 5 mg/ml이었다. 그러나 결명자 추출물에 의한 S. mutans 및 S. sobrinus에 대한 세균 성장억제 효과는 미미하였다. 본 연구 결과 치아우식증의 예방적 측면에서 결명자차보다는 녹차를 마시는 것이 유리하며, CHMC-2032를 이용하여 구강양치용액을 제조하여 사용할 경우 교정환자를 포함하여 대부분의 사람에게서 치아우식증 예방 효과가 있으리고 추정된다. Mutans streptococci is the major causative factor in dental caries. Especially, orthodontic patients with fixed appliance are a risk group for dental caries. Because fixed appliances attached on teeth may change the environment of dental plaque, the enamel decalcification or dental caries around the bracket and band is a major side effect of orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to search plant extracts that have antimicrobial effect on mutans streptococci. Seed-extract of Casio tora were prepared with ethanol and CHMC-2032, the leaf-extracts from Camellia sinensis extract, was obtained extract, 2 type strains and 20 clinical isolates of mutans streptococci isolated from the interface between orthodontic brackets and tooth surfaces in the orthodontic patients were used in this study. The minimal inhibitory concentration of CHMC-2032 was 5 mg/ml on the S. mutans KCTC 3065, S. sobrinus KCTC 3088, and 8 clinical isolates of S. sobrinus. However, there was no antibacterial effect of seed-extract of C. tora on mutans streptococci. These data suggest that green tea may be more effective than the tea prepared from C. tora in the prevention of enamel decalcification or dental caries around brackets.
Dispersion of Vascular Plant in Kumo-do, Korea
Lee, Yu-Mi,Lee, Byoung-Chun,Park, Soo-Hyun,Kim, Jin-Man,Lee, Sang-Myong,Lee, Hwa-Yun,Shin, Hyun-Tak national science museum of korea 2009 Journal of Korean nature Vol.2 No.1
The vascular plants observed in the area were composed of a total of 228 taxa; 72 families, 172 genus, 201 species, 25 varieties, 1 sub-species and 1 cross species. The only endangered plants found in the area were Milletia japonica (Siebold & Zucc.) A.Gray. The endemic plants growing in the Geumodo except transplanted plants were Lespedeza x maritima Nakai and Carpinus coreana Nakai. which accounted for 0.8% of the vascular plants in Geumodo, 228 taxa. Specialized plants of Geumodo were a total of 41 species; 30 taxa in Grade I, 1 taxon in Grade II, 9 taxa in Grade III and 1 taxon in Grade V. Milletia japonica (Siebold & Zucc.) A.Gray was the only species found in important Grade IV to V. Currently, ferries ply to the island, attracting many tourists. This poses a threat to the rare plants living in the island and presses down the island to develop. Therefore, in the long-term perspective, the conservation plan such as comprehensive research and monitoring on the ecosystem shall be established to protect evergreen broad-leaved forests.
Lee, Byoung-Hwa,Shagdarsuren, Lkhagvadorj,Jeon, Chung-Hwan ACS AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019 ENERGY AND FUELS Vol.33 No.12
<P>The main purpose of this study was to examine the effect of particle size on blending methods for pulverized coals, using a thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and an entrained drop tube reactor (EDTR). The experiment was performed with three particle sizes (small: 45-75 μm, medium: 75-90 μm, large: 150-180 μm) and two blending methods (bunker-blend and furnace-blend). The TGA results show that high rank coal (Trafigura), containing lower volatile matter, was more difficult to ignite than low rank coal (Berau). Also, faster ignition and higher reactivity were observed because of increase in the surface area with decreasing particle size. The EDTR results show that first, during bunker-blend, as the particle size decreased, the amount of carbon in ash (CIA) reduced. Moreover, the highest point of CIA shifted to a low blending ratio (LBR 50%) because a highly oxygen-deficient environment was rapidly created. In contrast, as the blending ratio of low rank coal increased, NO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> emissions gradually increased at all conditions because of the fuel bonding N content in the coal, and the NO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> reduction efficiency of a fine particle is larger than that of a coarse one. Second, during furnace-blend, CIA and NO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> gradually decreased by approximately 33-52% (small sizes) and 9-27% (medium sizes) as the length of the tube increases. However, for the large sizes of coal, the amount of CIA and NO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> increased because of the adverse effects of the greater particle size. The CO and O<SUB>2</SUB> results among flue gases supported these phenomena. Thus, these results suggest that using fine particles in furnace-blend can effectively reduce CIA and NO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> emissions.</P>