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칩내장형 PCB 공정을 위한 칩 표면처리 공정에 관한 연구
전병섭,박세훈,김영호,김준철,정승부,Jeon, Byung-Sub,Park, Se-Hoon,Kim, Young-Ho,Kim, Jun-Cheol,Jung, Seung-Boo 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2012 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.19 No.3
본 연구에서는 칩을 기판에 내장하기 위해 상용화된 CSR사의 bluetooth chip을 이용하여 표면의 솔더볼을 제거하고 PCB소재와 공정을 이용하는 embedded active PCB 공정에 관한 연구를 하였다. 솔더볼이 제거된 칩과 PCB는 구리 도금 공정으로 연결되었으나 열 충격시 표면처리를 하지 않았을 시 칩의 표면과 ABF 간의 de-lamination 현상이 발견되었고, 이를 해결하기 위해 칩의 polyimide passivation layer에 디스미어와 플라즈마 공정을 이용하여 조도 형성을 하는 연구를 진행하였다. SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope) 과 AFM(Atomic Force Micrometer)을 통하여 표면을 관찰하였고, XPS(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy)를 이용하여 표면의 화학적 구조의 변화를 관찰하였다. 실험결과 플라즈마 처리 시 표면 조도형성이 되었으나 그 밀도가 조밀하지 못하였지만 디스미어 공정과 함께 처리하였을 시 조도의 조밀도가 높아 열 충격을 가하였을 시에도 칩의 polyimide layer와 ABF간의 de-lamination 현상이 발견되지 않았다. In this paper, the research of IC embedded PCB process is carried out. For embedding chips into PCB, solder-balls on chips were etched out and ABF(Ajinomoto Build-ip Film), prepreg and Cu foil was laminated on that to fabricate 6 layer build-up board. The chip of which solder ball was removed was successfully interconnected with PCB by laser drilling and Cu plating. However, de-lamination phenomenon occurred between chip surface and ABF during reflow and thermal shock. To solve this problem, de-smear and plasma treatment was applied to PI(polyimide) passivation layer on chip surface to improve the surface roughness. The properties of chip surface(PI) was investigated in terms of AFM(Atomic Force Micrometer), SEM and XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy). As results, nano-size anchor was evenly formed on PI surface when plasma treatment was combined with de-smear(NaOH+KMnO4) process and it improved thermal shock reliability ($260^{\circ}C$-10sec solder floating).
슬관절 골관절염 환자와 정상인의 보행 시 슬관절 가속도
신준호(Joon-Ho Shin),김영진(Young-Gene Kim),홍대종(Dae-Jong Hong),나웅칠(oong-Chil Na),김영호(Young-Ho Kim),황선홍(Sun-Hong Hwang),김미정(Mi-Jung Kim),이규훈(Kyu-Hoon Lee),윤재남(Jae-Nam Yoon),박시복(Si-Bog Park) 대한임상노인의학회 2006 대한임상노인의학회지 Vol.7 No.2
목적: 보행 시 슬관절에는 내측으로 지면반발력이 작용하게 되어 외측으로 회전력이 발생하게 된다. 퇴행성 슬관절염은 이 회전력에 의해 슬관절 내측으로 가해지는 힘이 커져서 발생할 수 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 퇴행성 슬관절염 환자와 정상인의 슬관절 가속도를 측정하여 보행 시 슬관절에서 나타나는 가속도의 양상을 비교해보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 정상 여성 22명과 퇴행성 슬관절염으로 진단 받은 성인 여성 22명을 대상으로 하였다. 같은 종류의 양말과 신발을 착용하여 편안한 걸음을 걷는 상태에서 무선가속도 측정시스템을 이용하여 슬관절의 가속도 변화를 측정하였다. 측정범위가±2 g (중력가속도)인 삼축 가속도 센서 CXL03LF3 (Crossbow, USA)를 비골두에 부착하여 가속도를 측정하였고 Mann-Whitney 검정법과 Spearman의 상관분석법을 이용하였다. 결과: 1) 퇴행성 슬관절염 환자에서는 정상인에 비해 부하 반응기 직후에 나타나는 슬관절 가속도의 첫 번째 최고치가 외측 방향과 앞쪽방향으로 크게 나타났다(p<0.01). 2) 퇴행성 슬관절염 환자에서는 정상인에 비해 편안한 걸음을 걷는 상태의 분속수가 유의하게 적었으나(p<0.01) 분속수와 슬관절 가속도의 상관관계는 없었다. 3) 퇴행성 슬관절염 환자와 정상인 모두에서 부하 반응기 직후에 나타나는 슬관절 가속도의 첫 번째 최고치가 외측 방향과 앞쪽 방향간에 유의한 상관관계를 보였으며(p<0.01) 전후측, 내외측, 상하측간에도 상관관계가 있었다(p<0.01). 결론: 퇴행성 슬관절염 환자에서는 보행시 정상인보다 부하 반응기 직후에 나타나는 슬관절 가속도의 최고치가 크게 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 보아 슬관절의 동적 가속도 형태를 관찰하는 것이 슬관절 질환 진단의 한 방법으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각한다. Background: To investigate and describe the acceleration of the knee during walking in patients with osteoarthritis of knee and healthy adults. Methods: 22 patients with osteoarthritis of knee and 22 heathy adults participated in this study. The accelerometer fixed at left fibular head was used to record anterior-posterior, medio-lateral and superior-inferior accelerations of the knee during walking. Results: There was significant increase in lateral and anterior 1st peak of acceleration at loading response in the patients with osteoarthrits of knee compared to healthy adults (P<0.01). There was significant decrease in cadence in the patients with osteoarthritis of knee compared to heathy adults (P<0.01), but there was no significant correlation between cadence and 1st peak of acceleration at loading response. There was correlated with anterior and lateral acceleration in all subjects (P<0.01). Also there was relationship between anterior-posterior, medio-lateral and superior-inferior acceleration in all subjects (P<0.01). Conclusion: The accelerometer can be an easy and useful way to evaluate patients with osteoarthritis of knee.
복통과 전신 피부 병변을 주소로 내원한 Degos병 1예
구본호 ( Bon Ho Ku ),임연정 ( Yeun Jung Lim ),최효경 ( Hyo Kyung Choi ),김영호 ( Young Ho Kim ),박종욱 ( Jongwook Park ),김치훈 ( Chi Hoon Kim ),장태훈 ( Tae Hoon Jang ),서용우 ( Yong Woo Seo ),조영철 ( Young Cheol Jo ),장기택 ( K 대한장연구학회 2010 Intestinal Research Vol.8 No.1
Malignant atrophic papulosis (MAP), also known as Degos’ disease, is a rare and often fatal occlusive thrombotic vasculopathy, with fewer than seven cases reported in Korea. MAP is characterized by porcelain-white, atrophic, papular skin lesions and multi-organ system involvement, especially the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and nervous system. Involvement of the GI tract is usually associated with a poor prognosis. To date, no treatment has been shown to be effective in the treatment of MAP. We describe a 52-year-old man who presented with a 5-month history of abdominal angina and a 2-year history of multiple skin lesions on the trunk and extremities. The skin lesions were papules, 4-6 mm in diameter, with a porcelain-white center and a slightly raised erythematous telangiectatic rim. A biopsy of a skin lesion showed a wedge-shaped degeneration of collagen in the dermis and atrophic epidermis. An explorative laparoscopy revealed multiple, yellow-white plaques scattered throughout the small bowel. A biopsy of the small bowel showed sclerotic vascular alterations containing intravascular fibrin thrombi. He was started on aspirin (100 mg daily) and has survived for 24 months since the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms. (Intest Res 2010;8:70-74)
4-카바모일옥시메틸-1-아자얀트라퀴논 유도체들의 합성 및 세포독성
이희순(Hee Soon Lee),이승일(Seung Il Lee),홍승수(Seoung Soo Hong),조정숙(Jung Sook Cho),김영호(Young Hoon Jung) 대한약학회 1998 약학회지 Vol.42 No.5
In the course of developing novel antitumor intercalating agents. We synthesized 4-carbamoyloxymethyl-l-azaanthraquinones 7-12, incorporating the latent alkylating functionality. These compounds were designed to explore the effect of substituent on the nitrogen of carbamate. The target compounds were prepared by hetero Diels-Alder reaction as a key step followed by functionalization of benzylic methyl to the desired substituents. Growth inhibitory studies of the azaanthraquinones were conducted in vitro against human cancer cell lines (SNU-354; liver and MCF7; breast) and human epidermoid carcinoma cells that are sensitive (KB-3-1) and multidrug-resistant (KB-V-1). The compounds were less potent than doxorubicin against sensitive cell lines. However, the most active compound 12 was not cross-resistant with doxorubicin against KB-V-1.
남자 고등학교 세팍타크로 경기의 공격기술에 관한 분석 연구
김영호,고문석,제임스전,이영익,차정훈,현종건,김범수,임종만,이석인 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6
This research aims at analysis of attack technique in sepaktakraw games. For this purpose, 3 high school coaches observed and recorded each game Five times in videos of high school male players' thirty games in 2003. The conclusion from the analysis of the recorded data are as follows. 1. Scissors spike was the most popular (favorite) attack technique. Rolling spike, tapping spike and heading spike was popular in order. 2. Heading spike showed the highest success rate (73.5%) in attack technique. And tapping spike (69.5%), scissors spike (57.8%) and rolling spike (67.11) showed a lower success rate in order. In failure rate, heading spike (5.5%), tapping spike (36.5%), scissors spike (32.2%) and rolling spike (32.9%) had a higher percentage in order. 3. When receive was stable, the success rate in attach technique was 47.1%, the failure rate was 20.1%. On the other hand, when receive was unstable, the success rate in attach technique was 16.5%, the failure rate was 14.3%.
Glutaraldehyde 와 자동 세척기를 이용한 내시경 소독방법의 임상에서의 유용성
김영호,손희정,윤성원,최규완,이남용,백승운,이준행,고광철,이풍렬,이종철,송재훈,안병훈,김재준,최원혁,홍일철 대한소화기내시경학회 2001 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.22 No.6
Background/Aims: Safety of endoscopic procedures has been a major issue over the last 10 years. Most endoscopy units use 2% glutaraldehyde and automated endoscope reprocessors (AERs) for disinfecting gastrointestinal endoscopes. We attempted an in-use evaluation of the current reprocessing procedures. Methods: Thirty flexible endoscopes were randomly collected just after upper endoscopic examinations and were disinfected using 2% glutaraldehyde in an AER. Cultures were taken from biopsy channels (S-l), tip of the insertion tubes (S-2), umbilical cords (S-3), and angulation knobs (S-4). Results: In 63,3% (19/30) of endoscopes, there was no microbial contamination after disinfection procedures. The culture positive rates of S-l, S-2, S-3, and S-4 samples were 20,0%, 0.0%, 3.3%, and 20.0%, respectively. Microorganisms of 13 species were identified, but there was no pathogen related with reported infectious complications after endoscopic procedures. Conclusions: Current disinfection procedure using 2% glutaraldehyde and an AER appears to be very effective in decontaminating patient-used endoscopes. Low level microbial contamination of endoscopes after conventional reprocessing methods may not impose great risk on patients.