Alcohol extract of Geum Chung Cho alleviates alcohol-induced short-term memory impairment in gerbils

Han-Sam Cho,Tae-Woon Kim,Sang-Seo Park,Mal-Soon Shin,Jae-Min Lee,Eun-Sang Ji,Chang-Ju Kim 한국운동재활학회 2015 한국운동재활학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

Chronic ethanol consumption leads to memory impairment and also induces brain damage. The hippocampus has been particularly regarded as a possible target organ of alcoholic intoxication, since this structure plays a prominent function in memory processes. Cordyceps has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries for a long time. Different types of Cordyceps extract were reported to have various pharmacological activities including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and immune modulatory effects. Guem Chung Cho is an artificial cultivated Cordyceps, and was supplied from GCordy (Seoul, Korea). Ethanol extract of Cordycep (50 g) was made by rotary evaporate, and resulting powder 8.29 g was obtained (yield 17%). In the present study, we investigated the effects of ethanol extract of Geum Chung Cho on short-term memory, cell proliferation and apoptosis in the hippocampus of ethanol-treated gerbils. The gerbils were divided into 5 groups (n = 10 in each group): Control group, alcohol-treated group, alcohol-treated and 0.001 mg/kg Geum Chung Cho-applied group, alcohol-treated and 0.01 mg/kg Geum Chung Cho-applied group, and alcohol-treated and 0.1 mg/kg Geum Chung Cho-applied group. Gerbils in the alcohol-treated groups were orally administered ethanol (1 g/kg) once a day for 2 weeks. Gerbils in the Guem Chung Cho-applied groups were orally administered Guem Chung Cho extract at each dosage 1 hour before ethanol consumption. Our results revealed that consumption of alcohol for 2 weeks deteriorated short-term memory, induced apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation, and reduced expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB). However, Guem Chung Cho treatment alleviated alcohol-induced short-term memory impairment through enhancing cell proliferation and BDNF expression with inhibiting apoptosis in the hippocampus. Guem Chung Cho showed maximum effects at 0.1 mg/kg. Based on these results, alcohol extract of Guem Chung Cho may provide therapeutic value for the treatment of chronic alcohol-inducted brain injury. This study was supported by GCordy company.

Skin entrance dose for digital and film radiography in Korean dental schools

Cho, Eun-Sang,Choi, Kun-Ho,Kim, Min-Gyu,Lim, Hoi-Jeong,Yoon, Suk-Ja,,Kang, Byung-Cheol 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2005 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.35 No.4

Purpose : This study was aimed to compare skin entrance dose of digital radiography with that of film radiography and to show the dose reduction achievement with digital systems at 11 dental schools in Korea. Materials and Methods : Forty six intraoral radiographic systems in 11 dental schools were included in this study. Digital sensors were used in 33 systems and film was used in 13 systems. Researchers and the volunteer visited 11 dental schools in Korea. Researchers asked the radiologic technician (s) at each school to set the exposure parameters and aiming the x-ray tube for the periapical view of the mandibular molar of the volunteer. The skin entrance doses were measured at the same exposure parameters and distance by the technician for each system with a dosimeter (Multi-O-Meter : Unfors instruments, Billdal, Sweden). Results : The median dose was 491.2 μGy for digital radiography and 1,205.0 μGy for film radiography. The skin entrance dose digital radiography was significantly lower than that of film radiography (p<0.05). Conclusion : Fifty-nine percent skin entrance dose reduction with digital periapical radiography was achieved over the film radiography in Korean dental schools.

사상체질의학의 진화론적 고찰

지상은,조황성 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

Through the theoretical study on Sa-sang constitutional medicine from a evolutionary point of view, the result was obtained as follows. 1. The system of Sa-Sim-Sin-Mul(事心身物) in Sa-sang constitutional medicine is similar to the theory of evolution of Teilhard de Chardin. 2. The concept of Yin and Yang in Sa-sang constitutional medicine can be set up by the demand and necessity in the progress of evolution and the time of the differentiation of functions. 3. The Sung-Jung(性情) of each Sa-sang constitution can be explained as the strategy and form survival. 4. The theory of physiology, pathology and therapy in Sa-sang constitutional medicine can be hypothesized by the evolutionary standards which are related with the thermo-metabolism and hematopoietic-immune system.

Three-Dimensional Porous Collagen/Chitosan Complex Sponge for Tissue Engineering

Kim, Sung Eun,Cho, Yong Woo,Kang, Eun Jung,Kwon, Ick Chan,Lee, Eunhee Bae,Kim, Jung Hyun,Chung, Hesson,Jeong, Seo Young The Korean Fiber Society 2001 Fibers and polymers Vol.2 No.2

A three-dimensional, porous collagen/chitosan complex sponge was prepared to closely simulate basic extracellular matrix (ECM) constitutes, collagen and glycosaminoglycan. The complex sponge was prepared by a lyophilization method and had the regular network with highly porous structure, suitable for cell adhesion and growth. The pores were well interconnected, and their distribution was fairly homogeneous. The complex sponge was crosslinked using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) to increase its boilogical stability and enhance its mechanical properties. The crosslinking medium has a great effect on the inner structure of the sponge. The homogeneous, porous structure of the sponge was remarkably collapsed in an aqueous crosslinking medium. However, the morphology of the sponge remained almost intact in a water/ethanol mixture crosslinking milieu. Mechanical properties of the collagen/chitosan sponge were significantly enhanced by EDC-mediated crosslinking. The potential of the sponge as a scaffold for tissue engineering was investigated using a Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO-K1) line.

Efficient Interleukin-21 Production by Optimization of Codon and Signal Peptide in Chinese Hamster Ovarian Cells

( Hee Jun Cho ),( Byung Moo Oh ),( Jong-tae Kim ),( Jeewon Lim ),( Sang Yoon Park ),( Yo Sep Hwang ),( Kyoung Eun Baek ),( Bo-yeon Kim ),( Inpyo Choi ),( Hee Gu Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.2

Interleukin-21 is a common γ-chain cytokine that controls the immune responses of B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells. Targeting IL-21 to strengthen the immune system is promising for the development of vaccines as well as anti-infection and anti-tumor therapies. However, the practical application of IL-21 is limited by the high production cost. In this study, we improved IL-21 production by codon optimization and selection of appropriate signal peptide in CHO-K1 cells. Codon-optimized or non-optimized human IL-21 was stably transfected into CHO-K1 cells. IL-21 expression was 10-fold higher for codon-optimized than non-optimized IL-21. We fused five different signal peptides to codon-optimized mature IL-21 and evaluated their effect on IL-21 production. The best result (a 3-fold increase) was obtained using a signal peptide derived from human azurocidin. Furthermore, codon-optimized IL-21 containing the azurocidin signal peptide promoted IFN-γ secretion and STAT3 phosphorylation in NK-92 cells similar to codon-optimized IL-21 containing original signal peptide. Collectively, these results indicate that codon optimization and azurocidin signal peptides provide an efficient approach for the high-level production of IL-21 as a biopharmaceutical.

저체중 또는 과체중 청소년에서 캠프 프로그램을 이용한 영양 교육효과에 관한 연구

성미경,승정자,류화춘,박재년,박동연,최미경,조경옥,최선혜,이윤신,김유경,이은주 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education program developed for nutritionally imbalanced adolescents. A summer nutrition camp was held for 23 overweight and 16 underweight subjects. Its effectiveness with regard to was evaluated at the end of the camp and 6 months later. Nutrition knowledge, nutritional attitude, food behavior, nutrient intake, exercise habit and ideal body figures desired by the subjects. The results showed significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores at the end of the camp as compared to those obtained prior to the camp program, and these scores were maintained for at least six months. Nutrition attitude scores also improved after the education program, and these improved scores also lasted for 6 months. However, the food behavior scores measured 6 months after the education program were not significantly different from those obtained prior to the camp. Also, the exercise habit, the ideal body figures and the body figures desired by the subjects remained unchanged. When nutrient intakes of subjects were assessed before the program and 6 months later, the mean daily vitamin C intake was significantly increased after the education program. Also, the intake of iron from plant food sources increased in the overweight subjects, while less iron from animal source were consumed by the underweight subjects. Both groups tended to consume more vegetables and fruits 6 months after the education program which may have contribute to the higher vitamin C and plant-based iron intakes. These results indicate that a 4-day nutrition education camp program sustained changes in nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude for 6 months. The increased intake of vegetables and fruits was also achieved through this education program. However, changes in dietary behavior in adolescents may require repeated education.

임베디드 RG를 위한 우선순위 기반 버퍼 관리 기법에 관한 연구

조은성,유인태 경희-다반 ASIC 설계교육센터 2002 경희-다반 ASIC센터 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

인터넷의 대중화와 망의 발전으로 인하여 기존의 비실시간 서비스만으로는 사용자의 요구를 충족할 수 없게 되었고 음성이나 영상등 서로 다른 서비스들이 혼합된 형태의 실시간 서비스들이 인터넷을 통하여 제공되게 되었다. 이와 같은 다양한 서비스를 제공하기 위하여 IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)에서는 DiffServ(Differentiated Service)를 제안하였다. 그러나, DiffServ의 실시간 서비스에 대한 큐잉 기법은 일반적인 우선순위를 할당하여 처리하기 때문에, 현존하는 다양한 실시간 서비스의 특성을 충분히 반영함에 있어서 그 한계가 있다 즉, 요구조건이 서로 다른 다양한 서비스에 대한 서비스 품질 (QoS;Quality of Service)을 보장하는데 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 우선순위 기반 버퍼 관리 (PBM;Priority-based Buffer Management) 기법은 다양한 트래픽 특성에 따라 우선순위에 차등을 주어 버퍼관리를 효과적으로 수행할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고, 빠른 동작을 위하여 기존의 복잡한 연산을 간략화 함으로써 버퍼 할당과 반환, 그리고 스케줄러의 성능을 높이는데 그 목적을 두었다. PBM기법은 입력되는 실시간 서비스를 버퍼관리 테이블을 통하여 빠르게 스케줄링 함으로써, 실시간 서비스의 지연시간과 서비스 특성을 보장한다. 제안한 PBM기법은 NS-2를 이용한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여, 기존의 잘 알려진 WFQ 버퍼 관리 및 스케줄링 기법과 대역폭 이용율, 서비스율, 큐 점유율 측면의 비교 및 분석을 수행함으로써 더 향상된 성능을 나타낸다는 사실을 검증하였다.

TV 채널의 브랜드 이미지와 선호도 : 대구지역 공중파 TV를 중심으로

조성호,김보은 慶北大學敎 社會科學大學 2005 社會科學 Vol.17 No.-

이 연구는 대구 지역 세 공중파 TV 방송국의 이미지를 기능적 이미지와 상징적 이미지의 차원으로 조사하였고, 각 채널의 브랜드 이미지가 선호도에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 지역의 TV 채널은 기능적 이미지 -1)뉴스 프로그램에 대한 평가, 2)뉴스 이외의 지역 프로그램에 대한 평가, 3)방송사의 지역사회 공헌도, 4)프로그램 시청의 효용성- 에서 채널간 차이가 발견되었고, 이러한 차이는 대체적으로 대구KBS와 대구MBC, 대구KBS와 TBC 사이에서 크게 나타났다. 대구MBC는 뉴스와 프로그램을 잘 만드는 채널, TBC는 지역사회에 공헌하는 채널로 이미지가 형성되어 있는 반면, 대구KBS는 특정 부문에서 뛰어나다고 평가받는 이미지가 형성되어 있지 않았다. 둘째, 상징적 이미지인 채널 브랜드 개성에서도 채널간 차이가 발견되었다. 대구KBS가 신뢰할 만하고 전통적인 이미지, 대구MBC와 TBC는 진취적이고 성실한 이미지를 갖고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 채널의 이미지와 선호도와의 관계에서는, 대구KBS는 ‘시청의 효용성’ 차원, 대구MBC는 ‘채널 브랜드 개성’ 차원, TBC는 ‘뉴스 이외의 지역 프로그램 평가’ 차원이 채널 선호도에 가장 영향을 미치는 이미지로 나타났다. 각 방송사별로 나름대로 우위에 있는 이미지를 살려 채널 브랜드 자산을 높이고, 자사 채널의 브랜드 이미지가 선호도와 연결되도록 하는 효과적인 마케팅 전략이 요구된다. This study examined channel images of Daegu local broadcasting stations. Further, it examined the relationship between TV channel brand images and channel preference. The symbolic image among channels showed that there were differences in channel brand personality. Symbolic image was divided into four factors such as 'progressiveness,' 'sincerity,' 'reliability,' 'tradition.' KBS was symbolized with reliability and tradition where as MBC and TBC with progressiveness and sincerity. The results of analysing how symbolic image(channel brand personality) have an effect on preference of each channel showed that progressiveness was the most effective variable for all channels. Reliability and tradition didn't have any direct effect on preference. It suggested that placing emphasis on progressiveness could lead to get more preference for local broadcasting. Finally the overall results suggested that stations have to provide useful informational programs with high quality in order to enhance the image of each channel. The effective channel image structure are closely related to channel preference.

강교의 도장방식에 따른 안전수명간 생애주기비용분석

조선규,한상철,김은겸 한국산업안전학회 2002 한국안전학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Life Cycle Cost analysis technique is introduced to evaluate cost-effectiveness of two paint systems of steel bridges. The systems are a conventional paint system and a galvanized paint system. The all costs during safe life such as initial cost, repainting costs, disposal costs are considered for the life cycle cost analysis. The NIST model is used and BridgeLOC 1.0 developed by the NIST is utilized as the life cycle cost analysis tool. It is concluded that, in spite of expensive initial cost, the durable paints system may be cost-effective compared with conventional paint system.

혈압측정의 정확성 평가

조성현,황정해,김은경,오병희,김창엽 한국의료QA학회 1996 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.3 No.1

Background : Blood pressure is an important indicator in diagnosis and assessing treatment of a patient. Clinical staffs use blood pressure on the assumption that measured value is accurate and reliable. However, whether measured blood pressure is accurate has been rarely investigated in Korea. Objectives : The aims of this study are to evaluate clinical staffs' knowledge and technique as well as accuracy of sphygmomanometer. Also the program to improve the measurement is developed. Methods : Seventy-three registered nurses were asked nine multiple choice questions including Korotkoff sound, cuff size, and deflation rate. Simultaneously characteristics of nurses were examined age, working place, duration of employment and academic degree. A testing videotape(Standardizing Measurement Video-Tutored Course) was used for evaluating the accuracy of measurement. Testees were to read and record the 12 cases of blood pressure measurement, watching a falling mercury column and hearing Korotkoff sounds. After 10 minutes' education, they were again tested with the same cases. Additionally, 83 mercury sphygmomanometers were checked to find defects such as inaccurate calibration and zero setting, leaky bladder, etc. Results : For the knowledge testing correct response rate was 41.1%. They were the lowest in selecting the proper cuff size and Korotkoff sound. In examining accuracy of blood pressure with videotape, nurses had 67.7% correct response rate. The correct response rate was significantly improved by a session of education. About 23% of sphygmomanometers was without discemable defects. Conclusion : The knowledge and skill of clinical staffs along with the accuracy of equipment have to be improved. A properly designed education program would contribute to the accuracy improvement of blood pressure measurement. Also, more concerns should be given to the precision and maintenance of equipment.