Tuning the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cold Sprayed Equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi High-Entropy Alloy Coating Layer

Ji‑Eun Ahn,Young‑Kyun Kim,Sang‑Hoon Yoon,Kee‑Ahn Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.7

An equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy (HEA) coating layer was prepared via a cold spray (CS) process. In orderto control the microstructure and nano-indentation properties of the CS HEA, heat treatments were employed. CS HEAcoating layer showed a heterogeneous microstructure where ultra-fine grains were formed at the particle interfaces, whilecoarse grains were formed inside the particles. Furthermore, deformation twins (DTs) were also formed inside the particlesdue to severe plastic deformation (SPD) in each particle generated during the CS deposition. For the 550 °C heat treatment(HT), fine Cr-rich precipitates were additionally formed at the grain boundary and particle boundary. By contrast, recrystallizationoccurred during 850 °C HT, while the size of the Cr-rich precipitate increased. The nano-indentation hardness ofthe CS HEA coating layer was 10.9 GPa, which was ~ 3 times higher than that of the conventional cast HEA. The superiorhardness of the CS HEA might has been enabled due to the combination of the high dislocation density, DTs, and ultra-finegrains. Based on the results above, the strategy to control the microstructure and mechanical properties through HT of theequiatomic CoCrFeMnNi HEA coating layer prepared via the CS process has been discussed.

Impact of the oxygen functional group of nitric acid‑treated activated carbon on KOH activation reaction

Ji‑Hyun Kim,Sang Youp Hwang,Jung Eun Park,Gi Bbum Lee,Ho Kim,Seokhwi Kim,Bum Ui Hong 한국탄소학회 2019 Carbon Letters Vol.29 No.3

To prepare activated carbon with a high specific surface area, oxygen functional groups (OFGs) that can serve as useful electron donors during KOH activation were treated with nitric acid and incorporated into activated carbon. OFGs are incorporated differently according to the surface characteristics of starting materials. Up to 22.46% OFGs are incorporated into wood-based activated carbons (WACs), the C=O, COOH contents was 1.90, 17.05%, respectively. Whereas up to 12.82% OFGs are incorporated into coconut shell-based activated carbons, the C=O, COOH contents was 4.12, 6.15%, respectively. The OFGs used for increasing the specific surface area are the carbonyl group, and as the content of the functional group increases, the carbonyl group spreads to the carboxyl group. The specific surface area of activated carbons increased by 10–68% with an increase in the carbonyl group up to 6% (maximum point of carbonyl group). On the other hand, the specific surface area for WACs increased when the carboxyl group was 10% or below, but decreased by 6–15% when it increased to 10% or excess.

A Multi-Center Educational Research Regarding Breastfeeding for Pediatrics Residents in Korea

Yong Sung Choi,정성훈,김은선,Eun Sun Kim,Eunhee Lee,Euiseok Jung,So-Yeon Lee,이우령,Hye Sun Yoon,Yong Joo Kim,Ji Kyoung Park,Son Moon Shin,Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim 대한신생아학회 2022 Neonatal medicine Vol.29 No.1

Purpose: Pediatricians have a significant responsibility to educate mothers about the importance of breastfeeding. However, there have been minimal efforts in the courses of resident training in Korea. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change in knowledge and attitude before and after a 4-week breastfeeding educational intervention among multicenter residents. Methods: Prospective interventional educational research was designed for residents at eight training hospitals in Korea. Institutional reviews were obtained in each hospital. The education curriculum consisted of 14 courses regarding breastfeeding theory and practice. These materials were used to teach pediatric residents for 4 weeks. Knowledge-based tests were administered before the course, and re-tests were administered after the course using different test items of similar levels. Test scores and survey responses were compared before and after the intervention. Results: A total of 73 residents (1st year 20, 2nd year 23, 3rd year 16, and 4th year residents 14) from eight training hospitals completed the intervention. Their average age was 30.3±2.9 years, 17 (23.3%) were male, 22 (30.1%) were married, and eight had more than one child of their own. The mean pre-test score was 61.8±13.4 and the mean post-test score was 78.3±7.5 (P<0.001). The inter-grade difference in the score was significant in the pre-test (P=0.005), but not significant in the post-test (P=0.155). There were more responses of obtaining confidence after the intervention (P<0.001). Conclusion: In our study, pediatric residents showed improvement in their knowledge and confidence level after 4 weeks of the breastfeeding curriculum. This will provide a basis for future policymaking in the training of pediatric residents regarding breastfeedReceived: 6 January 2022 Revised: 15 February 2022 Accepted: 15 February 2022 Correspondence to: Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, MD Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea Tel: +82-2-3010-3390 Fax: +82-2-3010-6978 E-mail: arkim@amc.seoul.kr A Multi-Center Educational Research Regarding Breastfeeding for Pediatrics Residents in Korea Yong-Sung Choi, MD,PhD1, Sung-Hoon Chung, MD, PhD2, Eun Sun Kim, MD, PhD3, Eun Hee Lee, MD4, Euiseok Jung, MD5, So Yeon Lee, MD, PhD5, Wooryoung Lee, MD6, Hye Sun Yoon, MD, PhD7, Yong Joo Kim, MD, PhD8, Ji Kyoung Park, MD, PhD9, Son Moon Shin, MD, PhD9, and Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, MD, PhD5 1Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea 2Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea 3Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea 4Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea 5Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 6Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea 7Department of Pediatrics, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea 8Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea 9Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea Neonatal Med 2022 February;29(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.28 pISSN 2287-9412 . eISSN 2287-9803 Copyright(c) 2022 By Korean Society of Neonatology This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Original Article 29 Neonatal Med 2022 February;29(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.28 ing in Korea.

울증(鬱證)환자에게 용서프로그램을 활용한 오지상승요법(五志相勝療法)을 시행하여 호전된 1례

이상언 ( Sang Eon Lee ),노동진 ( Dong Jin No ),박장호 ( Jang Ho Park ),이고은 ( Go Eun Lee ),박인숙 ( In Sook Park ),류영수 ( Yeong Su Lyu ),안민섭 ( Min Seob Ahn ),정지호 ( Ji Ho Jung ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2010 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Yuzheng(鬱證) comes from obstruction of qi by stress. The patient has depressed mood, irritable sign, chest discomfort, costal pain, angry state or some strange feeling on the throat. Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝) therapy is base on the theory of interrelation in five elements in oriental medicine. The contents of Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝) therapy include five subjugations of five emotions. Anxiety subjugates fear(思勝恐), fear subjugates joy(恐勝喜), joy subjugates pity(喜勝悲), pity subjugates anger(悲勝怒), and anger subjugates anxiety(怒勝思). Forgiveness program is a kind of psychological therapies to decrease the degree of anger and it is included in Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝) therapy. In this case, a female patient, 50 years old, who suffered from Yuzheng(鬱證) with chest discomfort, irritable sign, easily angry state, depressed mood, hot flush, insomnia. We used Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝) therapy besides herbal medication, acupuncture to her condition got improved. Therefore we reported it for the treatment.

Transtherapy for moderate to severe acne scar: a study of 2 cases

Sung, Soo-Hyun,Park, Jong-Hyun,Han, Chang-Hyun,Hong, Seung-Min,Park, Eun-Jung,Na, Ho-Ik,Park, Sung-Jin,Yu, Ji-Hee,Ha, Ji-Hun The Society of Korean Medicine 2015 대한한의학회지 Vol.36 No.4

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to present effect of transtherapy which is treatment of Korean Medicine to acne scar patients. Methods: We used transtherapy to moderate and severe acne scar patients and evaluated by a Photo evaluation with 10-point score and Qualitative Global Acne Scarring Grading System. Results: After transtherapy treatment, mean of Qualitative Global Acne Scarring Grading System of patients changed from $3.5{\pm}0.71$ to $1.5{\pm}0.71$. Acne scar showed an improvement at least 8 up to 9 and mean of their acne scar improvement scores was $8.33{\pm}0.52$ on photo evaluation with 10-point score. Conclusions: This paper shows that transtherapy in the treatment of moderate to severe acne scars is beneficial for promoting skin regeneration.

Ginsenoside Rg1 suppresses early stage of adipocyte development via activation of CHOP10 in 3T3-L1 and attenuates fat accumulation in high fat diet-induced obese zebrafish

Eun-Jeong Koh,Young-Jin Seo,Jia Choi,Yeon-Joo Lee,Ji-Hyeon Hwang,Ji-Hyeon Song,Seo Jun Choi,Sung Woo Chei,Boo-Yong Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2016 No.10

Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation Rate Is Considerably High during Sorafenib Therapy without Antiviral Treatment in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

( Sang Jun Suh ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Ji Hye Seo ),( Han Ah Lee ),( Tae Hyung Kim ),( Young Sun Lee ),( Jong Jin Hyun ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Ji Hoon Kim ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Jong Eun Yeon ),( Kwan So 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Sorafenib is the standard treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the influence of sorafenib on the replication of HBV remains unknown. Herein, we evaluated the rate of HBV reactivation during sorafenib therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with advanced HCC. Methods: Four hundreds thirty five advanced HCC patients who visited three hospitals affiliated with Korea University from January 2004 to December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 327 patients were HBsAg positive. Two hundred sixty four received antiviral therapy before initiation of sorafenib therapy, and 64 patients were treatment naive with regard to anti-HBV therapy. Patients who received sorafenib less than 4 weeks, those who had not follow-up HBV DNA value, and patients who received other treatment than sorafenib were excluded. Finally, 133 and 28 patients were analyzed, respectively in each group. HBV reactivation were defined as increase of HBV DNA >10 times of baselines or ≥ 2000 IU/mL in patients with baselines HBV DNA < 2000 IU/mL. We further investigated reactivation rates in propensity score matched liver cirrhosis patients without HCC. Results: Mean age was 54.87±9.34 and 83.2% were male. All patients were Barcelona Clinic of Liver Cancer Stage C and the sum of tumor diameter was 10.42±5.78 cm. Mean baseline HBV DNA level was 2.84±1.60 log IU/mL. Median survival was 5.97 months. At 12, 24, and 48 weeks of the sorafenib therapy, HBV reactivation occurred in 5.26%, 12.0%, 14.3% of antiviral therapy group while it developed in 28.6%, 39.3%, and 42.9% of HBV therapy naïve group, respectively. The reactivation rates was significantly higher in patient who didn’t received antiviral therapy (p = 0.001). The antiviral therapy (HR 0.250, C.I. 0.104-0.604, p = 0.002) was independent factor related to HBV reactivation by logistic regression analysis. When the 28 HBV therapy naive HCC patients who received sorafenib were compared with propensity score matched 84 HBV therapy naïve liver cirrhosis patients without HCC, the cumulative reactivation rates were also significantly higher in the former group by log-rank test (p <0.001). Conclusions: The risk of HBV reactivation is high in CHB patients receiving sorafenib due to advanced HCC. It would be necessary to administer pre-emptive antiviral therapy before sorafenib initiation.

The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Changes of Blood Glucose Insulin, Lipid in NIDDM Patients

Sung, Hye Ryen,Hwang, Ji In,Ro, Soon Duck,Youn, Mi Suk,Kim, Eun Hee,Jung, Jung Hwa,Gong, Byong Hak,Chae, Jong Hoon,Park, Cheol Ho,Park, Hyun Tae,Park, Sang Kap 대한스포츠의학회 1998 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

성인병 발병율의 증가원인은 식생활의 서구화에서 오는 영양과잉, 과학의 발달로 인한 낮은 신체활동에서 오는 운동부족과 스트레스의 증가와 같은 환경인자와 흡연, 음주 등을 들 수 있는데 이는 성인병의 예방과 치료를 위해서는 의학적 처치는 물론, 식이요법·운동요법·생활 습관의 개선 등 다각적인 대처가 필요하다. 본 연구는 NIDDM 환자에게 있어 유산소운동이 혈당, 인슐린, 혈청지질에 미치는 효과를 구명하고자 자전거 에르고미터 운동을 8주간, 주 3회, 1회 60분간 실시하였다. 체중은 64.8kg±4.89에서 8주 후 63.5±4.05kg로 1.3kg(2.01%), %fat는 35.4±2.57%에서 30.6±5.36%로 4.8%(13.56%)가 감소하였다. 체전굴은 9.4±5.44cm에서 8주후 9.7±5.63cm로 0.3cm당은 198.3±89.23mg/dl에서 8주 후 113.0±51.53mg/dl로 85.2mg/dl(43.00%), 인슐린은 12.1±3.38μU/ml에서 8주 후 9.8±3.69μU/ml로 2.30μU/ml(19.01%)가 감소하였다. Fructosamine(umol/L)은 339.5±79.70μmol/L에서 8주 후 259.8±54.0μmol/L로 79.75umol/L(23.49%)가 감소하였으며, Glucagon은 252.7±59.73mg/dl에서 287.1±79.16mg/dl로 34.4mg/dl(13.61%)가 증가하였다. T-C 는 0.85%, LDL-C은 0.56% 감소하였으며, HDL-C은 48.0±4.55mg/dl에서 8주 후 49.5±8.70mg/dl으로 1.5mg/dl(3.13%)가 증가하였다. 이상과 같이 HRmax 50^의 지속적이고 규칙적인 유산소 운동은 NIDDM 환자의 체지방량과 혈당을 감소시키고, 인슐린감수성과 HDL-C이 증가하여 당뇨병개선에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

12주 운동이 비만한 남자 청소년의 인슐린 저항성, 아디포넥틴, 간 효소 및 Vspin에 미치는 영향

( Ji Young Kim ),( Eun Sung Kim ),( Justin Y. Jeon ),( Yoon Suk Jekal ) 대한비만학회 2011 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.20 No.3

연구배경: 최근 청소년의 비만이 급증하고 있으며, 이는 성인기의 비만과 만성질환의 위험으로 이어지기 때문에 이 시기의 체중 조절과 체력은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 (1) 남자 고등학생의 체중, 대사지표, 체력, 간 효소, 그리고 vaspin을 포함한 염증지표의 상관성과, (2) 12주간의 운동이 비만한 남자 고등학생의 인슐린 저항성, 아디포넥틴, 간 효소, vaspin 및 염증지표에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 방법: 정상군(BMI < 23) 15명과 비만군(BMI . 25) 30명으로 총 45명의 남자 고등학생들을 대상으로 하여 체질량지수와 심폐체력을 측정하였고, 혈액 샘플을 채취하여 각 변인들의 상관관계를 구하였다. 이 중 비만군은 무작위로 대조군(n = 12)과 운동군(n = 18)으로 나누어, 운동군은 12주 동안 일주일에 5일의 유산소 운동에 참여하도록 하였다. 결과: Vaspin은 인슐린 저항성 및 대사지표들과 상관성은 없었으나, 경동맥 내중막 두께와 양의 상관성이 있었다. 인슐린 저항성과 혈중 감마지티피와 체력 사이에도 유의한 상관성이 있었으며, 아디포넥틴은 체력과 인슐린과의 유의한 상관성이 있었다. 12주 운동 후 운동군은 인슐린 저항성, 혈청 c-반응성 단백질, 아디포넥틴 및 혈중 감마지티피의 유의한 개선을 보였지만, vaspin의 변화는 유의하게 나타나지 않았다. 결론: 12주의 유산소 운동은 비만한 남자 고등학생의 인슐린 저항성 및 대사지표들을 유의하게 개선시켰지만 vaspin은 유의한 변화가 없었다. Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) the association among anthropometric measurements, cardiopulmonary fitness, liver enzymes and inflammatory markers including vaspin levels among male adolescents, and (2) the effects of a 12 week aerobic exercise training on insulin resistance, liver enzymes and inflammatory markers including vaspin levels among obese male adolescents were also studied. Methods: We compared anthropometric and metabolic parameters between thirty obese (BMI . 25) and fifteen lean (BMI < 23) male high school students (17.0 ± 0.1 y). Obese male subjects were randomly assigned to either exercise intervention group (OIG, n = 18) or control group (OCG, n = 12). OIG participated in aerobic exercise (5 days/wk) for 12 weeks, while the OCG participated only in regular physical education class. Results: Partial correlation coefficient analysis showed no association between vaspin levels and metabolic parameters including insulin resistance. However, vaspin levels have significantly correlated with intima-media thickness (IMT). Parameters which were significantly associated with insulin resistance were gamma- glutamyltransferase (GGT) and VO2max, while adiponectin levels showed significant association with VO2max and fasting insulin levels. Twelve weeks of exercise training significantly improved insulin resistance with concurrent improvement in adiponectin and GGT without affecting the vaspin levels. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that 12 week of aerobic exercise training significantly improved insulin resistance and metabolic parameters. However, it did not affecting the plasma vaspin levels.

Meaningful of Pneumothorax in Pneumocystis Pneumonia Patients with Respiratory Failure

( Ji Soo Choi ),( Su Hwan Lee ),( Eun Hye Lee ),( Chang Hwan Seol ),( Sung Ryeol Kim ),( Byung Hoon Park ),( Ah Young Leem ),( Kyung Soo Chung ),( Moo Suk Park ),( Young Sam Kim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2020 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.128 No.-

Purpose Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) with acute respiratory failure can increase the development of pneumothorax during treatment. This study aims to identify the incidence and related factors of pneumothorax in PCP patients with acute respiratory failure and to analyze their prognosis. Method We retrospectively reviewed the occurrence of pneumothorax including clinical characteristics and Results of other examinations in 119 patients with PCP pneumonia and respiratory failure requiring the mechanical ventilator treatment in medical intensive care unit (ICU) at a tertiary-care center between July 2016 and April 2019. Result The 28-day survival rate was 62.2% (N=74). Twenty-two patients (18.5%) developed the pneumothorax during ventilator treatment, and 45 patients (37.8%) were required the tracheostomy due to weaning failure. The cytomegalovirus co-infection (odds ratio 13.9; p = 0.013) were related with the occurrence of pneumothorax. Of 74 patients with 28-day survival, 15 patients (20.3%) were underwent the pneumothorax. In those patients, 5 patients survived (p = 0.048), and only 2 patients finally succeeded to wean from the ventilator (p = 0.037). Conclusion PCP patients with acute respiratory failure who developed pneumothorax were not associated with 28-day mortality, but might have related to difficult and prolonged weaning from the mechanical ventilator.