남자대학생의 흡연태도와 행동에 관한 연구

강경진,김정미,민혜영,안소진,오경숙,은경희,이현,이희선,홍주미,김수지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2003 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.37

There have been so many researches about problems of cigarettes and relation of smoking and heath since 1950's and generally known that smoking is one of the worst factor of increasing disease and mortality. No matter what such many proofs about various problems of smoking have been researched, smoking rate of current male collage students has not been decreased. Besides, most of the researches about cigarette use and its addiction have been focused on the adolescent or adult women smokers or adult male, not male collage student. Therefore, the subject of this study is about smoking attitude and smoking behavior of male collage students by general features. Smoking attitude was analyzed by modifying 'Guidelines for the content of tobacco smoking surveys of the general population'(WHO, 1982). Two hundred of male collage students participated to the distributed questionnaire for one week in May. The smoking attitude was categorized into duration of smoking and number of cigarette per day(CPD), and nicotine dependency, investigated by Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire(FTQ) (Fagerstorm & Schneider, 1989). All statistics were performed by procedure of SAS according to number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and ANOVA. The results are as follows: 1. Smoking attitude level was mean 25.73±5.15 marks, ranging from 13 to 39 marks of the total 40 marks. 2. Duration of cigarettes, number of cigarette per day, and nicotine dependency were mean 5.14±2.84 years, 12.88±6.85 pieces, and 4.78±1.69, respectively. 3. Smoking attitude showed significance according to general features such as marital state and allowance, but the significance according to marital state is not valuable because the numerical difference is so big between married one and single that they cannot be compared with each other. 4. Duration of smoking was significant according to general features such as age and allowance. 5. Smoking amount showed significance the factors of age only. 6. ll1ere was no significance in nicotine dependency according to general features. As a result, smoking attitude of male collage student in this study shows moderate level. Smoking attitude and duration is significant according to allowance, and smoking amount is significant according to age. Nicotine dependency according to general features is not significant but comparing with the preceding study about adult male, male collage students in this study are respectively more nicotine-dependent than adult male smokers. In conclusion, the right allowance usage strategies and effective heath education focused on the young are needed. In addition, helpful programs and information spreading strategies are necessary for establishing higher level of smoking attitude. At last, systemic regulations in daily living for ""anti-nico-dependent"" and perspective reforming of male university student are needed for reducing nicotine dependency.

增損五積丸(碑積方)이 사람의 各種 癌細胞株의 成長沮碍에 미치는 效果

李竝求,元秦喜,文錫哉,金東雄,元京淑,文九 한국전통의학연구소 2002 한국전통의학지 Vol.12 No.1

chemosensitivity test of Geungsonojukwhan-Bijukbang was performed on the three different human cancer cell lines originated from liver, cervix and colon tissue, namely Hep 3B, Hela and HCT-15, which have similar doubling times. Semiautomated sulforhodamine B(SRB) assay appears to offer an valuable tool for chemosensitivity of unknown compounds, since it is a simple, valid and inexpensive method of assessing drug monitoring for large samples in a short time. The results obtained in this study were as follows 1. Good correlations were shown from the results of SRB assay and those of clogenetic assay. 2. As a result of exposure to Geungsonojukwhan, the proliferation of Hela cell and Hep 3B cell was slightly decreased in Geungsonojukwhan-Bijukbang(GIP), Geungsonojukwhan-Pejukbang(LUP) and Geungsonojukwhan-Sinjukbang(RTP). 3. As a result of exposure to Geungsonojukwhan, GIP showed better anticancer effect to HCT-15 cell lines than those of LUP and RTP. 4. The extract of Geungsonojukwhan-Bijukbang in 40℃ were more effective in cytotoxic response than those in 100℃. 5. The research showed that the higher concentration the more effective in the inhibition of proliferation of the cancer cell lines, however, the cytotoxic effect of Geungsonojukwhan-Bijukbang in the concentration of 1.60mg/㎖ and 3.20mg/㎖ showed the most effective inhibition rate according to the increase of concentration.

전력 케이블용 반도전층 재료의 열분석 특성

이경용,양종석,최용성,박대희 원광대학교 2005 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

To measure modulus and damping of semiconductive materials in power cable, we have investigated the modulus and damping of semiconductive materials showed by changing the content of carbon black. Then they were produced as sheets after pressing for 20 minutes at 180[℃] with a pressure of 200[kg/㎠]. The content of conductive carbon black was the variable, and their contents were 20, 30 and 40[wt%], respectively. The modulus and Tanδ experiments were measured by DMA 2980. Ranges of measurement temperature from -50[℃] to 100[℃] and measurement frequency is 1[Hz]. The modulus of specimens was increased according to a increment of a carbon black content. And modulus was rapidly decreased at the glass transition temperature. The tanδ of specimens was decreased according to a increment of a carbon black content.

캔음료중 epichlorohydrin 의분석법에 관한 연구

이광호,곽인신,최재천,전대훈,김형일,강경모,최병희,김귀정,이철원 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

캔식품중에 잔류하는 epichlorohydrin을 분석하기 위한 pu링e & trap-Cc/uf통D 분석법을 확립하여 캔의 lacauer 코팅제에서 식품으로 이행되어 잔류하는 epichtorohydfn을 측정하고, 식품유사용매에 의한 용출시험을 통해 일일추정섭취량을 산출하였다. epichlorohydrin의 검량선은 y=0.0006x+0.OO6?(R큰0.9983)의 직선성·라 0.05#ga의 검출한계를 나타내었다. 각종 음료 및 식품유사용매에 일정량의 epichlorohydrin을 첨가한 후 분석하였을 때 회수을은 72~91%였으며, 실제 시판되는 f5건의 캔음료 중 잔류하는 epichlorohydrin을 측정한 결과 모든 캔음료에서 검출한계(0.1#94) 이하였다. 제관업체에서 구입한 modifed epoxy, epoxy phenolic, vinyl organosol, epoxy phenol ester 등의 BADGE(bisphenol A diglycidyt ether)형 에폭시수지로 lacquer 코팅된 식품용 캔에 식품윤사용매인 10% 또는 95% 에탄올을 층L진한 후 90~121'c의 드라이오븐에서 30분~2시간동안 용출시켰을 패 캔의 lacquer 코팅재에서 식품유사용매로 이행되는 epichBorollydirn은 코팅재질, 그리고 가열온도 및 시간에 문관하게 모든 캔에서 검출한계(0.4#ga)이하 였다. 위의 용출결과를 FD.f_의 "Recommendation for Chemistry Data for Indirect Food Additive Petition" 윽 일일추정섭취량 산출법에 적용하여 얻은 epichtorohydrin의 일딜추정 섭 취 량은 0.2r조persorday이하였다. A sensitive ana1?~7tical method based on gas cl)romatogFapy~mass spectrometry with a selected ion monitoring (GE/hfS-Slhf) and the purge-and-trap concentrator ))·asdeveloped for determining ot'epicillorohydrin in canr;ed be)#erages coated with eporl· resin. Thecalibration rurve in the ranre of 0.j ~50nr had'correlation coefficient of 0.9983 and detection limit of 0.Osrga. Recoveries of epichlorohydrin spiked to beverages were in the range of 72 ~91% with detection limits of 0.1 #ga. fn survey of epichlorohydff in twenty commercialcanned beverage samples, epichlorohydrin was not found in all the samples with the detectionlimit of 0.1 r9a. In migration test of various cans coated with BADGE-based coating cans;modifed epoxy, epoxy phenolic, vinyl organosol, epox?· phenol ester were exposed to the foodsimulants of 10% ethanol and 95% ethanol. flfo delectable epichlorohydrin migrated to foodsiHulants was found in aTl the cars with detection Jimit of 0.4 #9/L. Using the miEration data,along uTith the applicstion of food and beverage cans complied with FDA's "Recommendationfor Chemlstry Data f,3r Indirect Food Additive Petition" , the potential dietary exposure toepichlorohydrin was estlmated to be under 0.2rf/person/day.

수학연한에 따른 AMSP(American Montessori Society Program)의 적용 효과 : 유아의 창의성과 지능에 미치는 영향을 중심으로

이용례,심성경,박주희 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교육과학연구소 2004 교육과학연구 Vol.35 No.2

본 연구는 AMSP가 유아의 창의성과 지능에 미치는 영향에 있어 수업연한에 따른 차이를 알아본 것으로, AMSP의 수업연한에 따라 구분된 1년차 집단, 2년차 집단, 3년차 집단 각 19명씩 만 5세 유아 총 57명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 전경원(2000)의 창의성 검사와 박혜원?곽금주?박광백(1996) 등이 개발한 한국형WPPSI(K-WPPIS)를 실시한 결과, AMSP의 수업연한이 높을수록 유아의 창의성과 지능발달에 전반적으로 더 큰 효과를 나타냈다. 이에 AMSP가 유아의 창의성과 지능발달을 돕는 하나의 효과적인 접근방안일 뿐만 아니라 유치원의 3년 교육기간에 AMSP를 제공받는 것이 유아의 창의성과 지능발달에 더 효과적임을 시사해준다고 하겠다. This study investigated the effects of AMSP(American Montessori Society) on young children's creativity and intelligence according to the learning term. The questions for research were as follows: 1. What is the effect of AMSP on young children's Creativity according to the learning term? 2. What is the effect of AMSP on young children's intelligence according to the learning term? The subjects of this study were 57 aged five-old children at H kindergarten in J. City. They were classified to three groups according to learning term of AMSP. The data were collected using the General Creativity Test for Children(Chon, kyoung-won, 2000), the Revised Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Park, kwang-bae 1995), and analysed by ANCOVA, the Scheffe test with SPSS 11.0 Program. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. The longer the learning term was, the more AMSP improved young children's creativity significantly. The longer the learning term was, the more AMSP improved young children's creativity significantly. 2. The longer the learning term was, the more AMSP improved young children's intelligence significantly. The longer the learning term was, the more AMSP improved young children's intelligence significantly.

가열 스테인레스 강 표면의 조성

이경철,함경희,안운선 성균관대학교 1991 論文集 Vol.42 No.1

스테인레스 강 304를 공기와 질소 기체속에서 200-500℃ 온도 범위로 가열 산화시킨 다음에 표면 산화층이 depth composition profile을 XPS로 구하였다. 기체/산화물 계면 부근에서는 주로 철이 나타나고 내부로 들어가면서 크롬의 농도가 증가한다. 그리고 크롬이 산화 상태를 나타내는 영역에서 철은 금속 상태를 나타내기 시작한다. 이런 현상은 표면쪽으로의 철 이온의 확산 속도와 용액속으로 용해속도가 다른 산화종의 확산 속도보다 빠르기 때문이라고 생각된다. 질소 기체 분위기 속에서 200℃로 가열한 시편은 공기중에서 열 처리한 것과 거의 비슷한 depth profile을 나타내었다. 그리고 이 온도에서는 공기중에서나 질소중에서 산화가 일어나지 않는다. The stainless steel 304 is oxidized at various temperatures between 200 through 500℃ temperature region both in the air and nitrogen atmosphere and analyzed them for the depth composition profile of surface region using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). It is found that Fe is concentrated in the gas/oxide interface, and Cr is found rich in the subsurface under the Fe rich layer. Fe begins to show a metallic state at the region where Cr is still in the oxidized state. These findings can be attributed to the greater diffusion rate of Fe ion compared to other oxidized species. The depth profile of the sample heated up to 200℃ in the nitrogen atmosphere gives a similar result with the one obtained from the sample heated in the air. It is found that no oxidation takes place at these low temperature region either in the air or in the nitrogen atmospheres.

한국에서의 간질의 사회적 낙인

이상암,유희정,허경,박형국,신동진,송홍기,정원영,권오영,이성수,김요식,김성은,이병인 대한간질학회 2002 대한간질학회지 Vol.6 No.2

통계적 기법을 이용한 RFM 모형 비교분석

이용구,최희경 중앙대학교 수학통계연구소 2002 수학통계논문집 Vol.- No.9

RFM 모형은 그 원리가 매우 간단하고, 실제로 높은 예측력을 보이고 있기 때문에 상당히 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 그러나 세 요소에 대한 가중치 부여 기준은 불분명한 상태이다. 본 논문에서는 기존에 업계에서 쓰이고 있는 전통적 RFM모형의 장단점을 찾고, 이와 함께 가중치를 부여하는데 있어서 통계적 기법(요인분석과 로지스틱 회귀분석)을 이용한 RFM 모형을 제시하였다. 결과적으로 앞의 전통적 모형보다는 통계적 기법을 이용한 RFM 모형의 가중치를 계산하는데 더 좋은 모형이라고 여겨진다. 이는 전통적인 모형이 갖고 있는 임의적인 변수의 세분화라는 단점을 보완하고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 모형3에서는 반응변수 없이 모형을 구축할 수 있다는 장점도 갖고 있다. 앞으로 통계적 기법을 이용한 RFM 모형에 관한 많은 연구가 있어야 할 것으로 생각된다. RFM score is a way to evaluate the customer value based on the three factors; R(Recency), F(Frequency), and M(Monetary). To calculate the score, we have to combine the above given three factors. But each factor has different measuring unit, and it is not easy to find the weight of each factor for calculating the score. Traditionally they calculate the score based on the categorization of each factors. But based on this method, we cannot calculate the score of individual customers. In this research, we have tried to calculate the RFM score based on the statistical methods, such as factor analysis and logistic regression method. In this methods we can calculate the score of the individual customer. We have also tried to compare the statistical methods with traditional ones by applying the models to real data set.

고등학교 가정과「아동발달·부모교육」영역 학습모형 개발

이경희 한국 가정과 교육 학회 1999 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.11 No.2

For Korean education to be able to handle increasing knowledge and new values in the 21st century, it needs to change. Korean education needs various teaching methods. At the present, CAI, multimedia. interact video system and computer communication are being used. Compared to the traditional teaching methods computer-assisted instructions were reported to be more effective. The students' demands for these kind of lessens are adamant and increasing. In this study, on attempt, was made to develop "child-development and parent education" using CAI program. This chapter is in high demand for high school students. This study model was developed help the students' understanding and make their learning easier. A lesson plan was proposed using CAI program which was developed by authors with assistance of professional computer programmers. The CAI Program includes following curriculum contents: 1,Child development, 2, the meaning of parenthood, 3. pregnancy, 4. delivery, 5. abortion. The CAI Program wart designed to allow students to participated activity In several current issue related with parenthood and abortion problem. This study ultimately aimed to show students moving pictures, animation, vivid photos, and music to motivate them. Another goal was to help the Home Economics teachers give lessons using CAI and to show an example of the teaching model.

보육교사의 교육신념과 교사 효능감에 관한 연구

이희자,함은숙,김경의 한국영유아보육학회 2003 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.32

The purpose of this study is to compare overall educational belief and teachers' sense of self-efficacy of day-care teachers. The subjects of this study were 142 day-care teachers in the Cheon-Buk areas. The data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed by the statistical methods of frequencies, percentages, a Chi-Square test with SPSS program. The results of the study are as follows : 1. As the result of the investigation that what is the educational belief of the teacher according to the academic background, the personal history, and the type of day care-centers, it showed that statistically there was no significant difference. 2. Regarding the day-care teachers' sense of self-efficacy, according to the academic background was no significant difference. The teachers having 1 to 2 years of teaching experience showed the highest personal teaching efficacy and state- or public- run day-care centers teachers showed also high general teaching efficacy.