증폭(蒸曝)에 의한 지황(地黃)의 성분 변화에 대한 고찰

정재우 ( Jae Woo Jung ),김한영 ( Han Young Kim ),류지효 ( Ji Hyo Lyu ),김정훈 ( Jung-hoon Kim ) 대한본초학회 2021 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.36 No.6

Objectives : ‘Steaming and drying’ is a traditional processing method that has been used to produce Suk-ji-hwang (熟地黃; Rehmanniae Radix Preparata) from Ji-hwang (地黃, the fresh root of Rehmannia glutinosa Liboschitz ex Steudel; Rehmanniae Radix). The steaming and drying process, which is proceeded in heating and moisturizing conditions, plays a crucial role in the change of therapeutic effect of Ji-hwang, presumably due to the modification of its chemical constituents. In this article, the chemical influence of the ‘Steaming and drying’ process was investigated for understanding the underlying mechanism of chemical modification of Ji-hwang. Methods : The articles regarding the modifications of chemical constituents of Ji-hwang during the ‘Steaming and drying’ process were collected and analyzed to investigate the influence of the processing to Ji-hwang. Results : The results indicated that iridoid glycosides were degraded to their aglycones and sugars, and such degradations occurred faster at a high pressure than at an atmospheric pressure during the process. The contents of catalpol, ajugol, and acteoside were decreased, while those of rehmannioside A and D were slightly increased during the repeated processing. The contents of oligosaccharides, namely sucrose, maltose, raffinose, and stachyose (except for manninotriose), were decreased, while those of monosaccharides, glucose and fructose, were increased by the repeated processing. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that the ‘Steaming and drying’ process influenced the chemical constituents of Ji-hwang and provide probable basis for the therapeutic modification of Suk-ji-hwang after the processing of Ji-hwang.

Prediction of Retained Austenite Fraction in Quenching-and-Partitioning (Q&P) Steels Using the Gibbs Energy Balance Approach

Seong Hoon Kim,Ji Hoon Kim,Jae Hoon Lee,Dong‑Woo Suh,Jae Sang Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.9

Prediction of retained austenite fraction is quite important in designing advanced high strength steels since retained austeniteis the source of transformation-induced plasticity. The present study investigates the phase constitution of a medium-carbonQ&P steel by comparing various approaches to the transformation stasis of bainitic ferrite and applying them to the partitioningprocess. Among them, the modified GEB approach gave the best agreement with the experimental observation, includingthe effects of heat-treatment condition and chemical composition on phase constitution. This indicates phase transformationduring partitioning can be effectively described by the physics of Gibbs energy balance approach.

히스토아크릴을 이용한 십이지장 궤양 출혈의 지혈 후 발생한 급성췌장염

유재훈,문원,노지훈,구동영,조영화,김기수,윤준모 고신대학교 의과대학 2010 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.25 No.1

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is common and potentially life threatening medical emergency. Emergency endoscopy is the first choice of diagnostic and treatment measure for patients with active upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Histoacryl should be considered a second-line treatment modality when conventional treatments were failed. However, it might cause several complications. Herein, we report a case of acute pancreatitis developed after histoacryl injection therapy for active duodenal ulcer bleeding. A 71-year-old man was admitted with melena and hematemesis. On emergency endoscopy, a 2 cm sized active ulcer with bleeding from an exposedvessel was seen at the duodenal bulb. Attempts to arrest the bleeding with hemoclipping and submucosal epinephrine injection were tried, but failed. We changed the method to endoscopic histoacryl injection, and obtained hemostasis immediately. A few hourslater, after successful hemostasis, patient complained diffuse abdominal pain. Ultrasonography revealed hyperechoic heterogenous diffuse pancreatic enlargement and right pararenal space fluid collection, this ultrasonographic findings and elevated serum pancreatic enzymes are compatible with acute pancreatitis.

상악 제2유구치와 상악 제1대구치의 치관 형태: 치아계측학적 연구

김지인,현홍근,김영재,김정욱,장기택,이상훈,한세현,김종철 大韓小兒齒科學會 2011 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.38 No.4

The basic structure of the primary crowns usually resemble their succeeding permanent teeth. However, maxillary second primary molars resemble ipsilateral first permanent molars. Accordingly in this study, odontometric data of the two teeth was obtained, then analyzed to verify the morphological relationship and sex difference between the two teeth. Dental study casts were examined for their mesiodistal and buccolingual width of the crowns, diameter of each cusps, and intercuspal distances. Photographs of the crowns were taken to measure the angles between each cusp tip. The results are as follows : 1. In boys, PrI, PaI, DBC angle, and MBC angle did not show any statistically significant difference between the two teeth(p>0.05), and moderate level of correlations were observed. 2. In girls, crown index, DBC angle, and MBC angle of the two teeth did not show any statistically significant difference(p>0.05), and moderate level of correlations were recognized. 3. Measurements that did not show statistically significant difference between the two teeth in both boys and girls were DBC angle and MBC angle(p>0.05). In DLC angle, however, statistically significant difference was observed(p<0.01). 4. Most of the measurements showed sex differences, except DBC angle, which did not show any sex difference in both teeth(p>0.05). 유치 치관의 기본적인 구조는 대개 계승 영구치를 닮는다. 그러나 제2유구치는 계승 영구치인 제2소구치보다 오히려 제1대 구치와 더 유사한 경향이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 한국인에서 상악 제2유구치와 제1대구치의 치아계측학적 자료(odontometric data)를 얻어 두 치아의 형태와 크기 사이의 연관성을 살펴보고, 나아가 남녀간의 차이점 유무를 고찰해 보고자 하였다. 남아 150명, 여아 150명 총 300명의 모형을 이용하여 상악 제2유구치와 상악 제1대구치의 근원심 치관 폭경, 협설측 치관 폭경, 각 교두의 직경, 교두정간 거리를 계측하였고, 치관의 교합면 사진을 촬영하여 각 교두정 사이의 각도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 남아에서 Protocone index, Paraconeindex, Distobuccal cusp(DBC)각, Mesiobuccal cusp(MBC)각은 상악 제1대 구치와 제2유구치 사이에 통계적 유의차가 관찰되지 않았고(p>0.05), 중등도의 상관관계가 확인되었다. 2. 여아에서 crown index, Distobuccal cusp(DBC)각, Mesiobuccal cusp(MBC)각은 상악 제1대구치와 제2유구치 사 이에 통계적 유의차가 관찰되지 않았고(p>0.05), 중등도의 상관관계가 확인되었다. 3. 남, 여 모두에서 Distobuccal cusp(DBC)각, Mesiobuccal cusp(MBC)각은 두 치아 사이에 유의할만한 차이를 보이 지 않았고(p>0.05), Distolingual cusp(DLC)각에서는 통계적 유의차가 관찰되었다(p<0.01). 4. 대부분의 계측치에서 남녀 차이를 나타냈지만, Distobuccal cusp (DBC)각은 상악 제1대구치와 제2유구치 모두에서 남녀 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05).

성장기 아동의 single tooth scissors bite의 교정 치료: 증례 보고

김지인,현홍근,김영재,김정욱,장기택,이상훈,한세현,김종철 大韓小兒齒科學會 2011 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.38 No.4

A scissors bite in the posterior teeth occurs when the upper teeth are positioned totally buccal to the lower teeth in centric occlusion, either unilaterally or bilaterally. This malocclusion can result from either excessive width of the maxilla or deficient width of the mandible, or sometimes combination of the both. Scissors bite, when left untreated without a proper dental intervention, interferes with the normal mandibular growth leading to a state where consequent disharmony in dental arch width evokes occlusal disturbances. Therefore, early preventive orthodontic treatment is necessary in patients with scissors bite. Scissors bite rarely involves anterior and posterior sites concuttently across the dental arch but usually affect single tooth. Even in the single tooth scissors bite cases, more likely to be met in the clinical fields, immediate dental intervention is indicated because continuous occlusal forces that exacerbate the already adverse axis of the posterior teeth. In this case study, patients with single tooth scissors bite, each 7, 14, 12, and 16 years old, were each treated with criss-cross elastic, fixed appliance, removable appliance, and miniscrews. With the proper selection of appliances appropriate to each specific cases, good treatment outcome can be achieved without resulting any side effects. 중심교합위의 상태에서 편측 혹은 양측으로 상악 구치부의 치아가 하악 구치부의 협측으로 위치한 경우를 scissors bite라 고 한다. 이는 상악의 폭경이 크거나 하악의 폭경이 좁은 경우 발생한다. Scissors bite의 경우 방치하게 되면 하악의 성장이 방해받게 되고 그 결과, 악궁 폭경의 부조화가 심해져 저작 장애를 일으킬 수 있으므로 조기 차단 교정이 반드시 필요하다. 실제 임상에서는 여러 치아의 scissors bite보다 최후방 구치 혹은 그 외 하나의 구치만의 single tooth scissors bite(STSB)을 보이는 경우가 많다. 이러한 STSB의 경우도 방치하게 되면 저작력으로 인하여 구치의 각도가 더욱 악화되므로 즉각적인 치료가 필요하다. 본 증례에서는 STSB를 보이는 7세, 14세, 12세, 16세의 환자에게 각각 criss-cross elastic, 고정성 장치, 가철성 장치, miniscrew를 사용하여 치료한 증례를 보고하였다. 각 환자의 증례에 적합한 장치를 잘 선택하여 사용한다면 치아를 정출시키는 등의 부작용을 야기하지 않고 양호한 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것이다

Lesch-Nyhan 증후군 환아의 자해 예방 : A CASE REPORT

이지현,김지훈,김재문,정태성,김신 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.2

Lesch-Nyhan 증후군은 purine의 대사장애를 보이는 질환이다. 신생아에서 대략 1:100,000 정도의 이환율을 보이는 X염색체 열성 유전 질환으로 남자에서 흔하며, purine의 대사에 관여하는 효소인 hypoxanthine guanine phospho ribosyl transferase(HGPRT)의 결손 또는 활성 감소 결과, 과도한 요산 형성 및 과요산혈증(hyperuricemia)이 일어난다. 이 질환은 임상적으로 정신지체, 무도증(choreoathetosis), 경련성 뇌성 마비, 심각한 자해 행위가 특징이다. 이 중 자해행위는 입술과 혀, 손가락을 깨무는 경우가 흔하고, 혀와 손가락이 완전히 절단될 수도 있다. 이 경우 자해로 인한 통증뿐 아니라, 상처 부위로의 2차 감염 및 연조직 결손으로 인한 심미성이 문제가 된다. 본 증례는, 상하악 유전치의 입술 깨물기 습관에 의해 하순이 심하게 손상된 Lesch-Nyhan 증후군 환아로서, mouth guard를 이용한 보존적인 방법과 소아정신과와의 협진을 통한 신경학적 약물치료로 자해에 의 한 손상을 방지하여, 단기간에 비교적 만족할 만한 결과를 얻었기에 이를 보고하는 바이다. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is a rare disorder of purine metabolism, first described in 1964. The incidence is estimated to be 1:100,000 birth. It is an X-linked recessive disorder in which affected males have a virtually complete deficiency of the enzyme hypoxanthine guanine phosphorybosyl transferase(HGPT) . This enzyme deficiency gives rise to excessive uric acid production and consequent hyperuricemia. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is clinically characterized by mental retardation, choreoathetosis, spastic cerebral palsy, and severe self-mutilation behavior. Patient with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome mostly bite their lip, tongue and finger. In severe cases, partial or total amputation of the lip and tongue is common. Self-inflicted bites are often further complicated by secondary infection to injuried site as well as pain. And tissue loss by biting results in esthetic problems. This report presents a Lesch-Nyhan syndrome patient with self-mutilation, who have a destruction of perioral tissue, especially the lower lip. He was treated successfully with soft mouth guard, psychological and pharmacological method.

인터리브가 삽입된 CFRP 적층판의 층간파괴 인성평가

김지훈,강태식,한길영,김재열,심재기 한국공작기계학회 2001 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.10 No.4

In this paper, an investigation was performed on the dynamic interlaminar fracture toughness of CFRP(carbon fiber reinforcement plastics). Specimens used in this experiment are CF/PEEK laminated plates. In this experiments, Split Hopkin-son's Bar(SHPE) test was apply to dynamic and notched flexure test. The mode II fracture toughness of each unidirectional CFRP was estimated by the analyzed deflection of the specimen and J-integral with the measured impulsive load and reac-tions at the supported points. As an experimental result the vibration amplitude of [0˚_10/F_4/0˚_10] laminates appear more than that of [0˚_10/F_2/0˚_10] laminates for the J-integral and displacement velocity at a measuring point. Also, it is thought that the dynamic fracture toughness of two kind specimen(CF/PEEK) with the in crease of displacement velocity becomes great at a measuring point with in the range of measurement.

수지함량에 따른 CFRP 적층판의 층간파괴 인성평가

김지훈,양인영,심재기 한국공작기계학회 2003 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.12 No.4

This research work has been carried out for finding J-integral in modeⅡ of CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastics) laminate plates based on the classical bar theory in dynamic conditions with considerations of the effect of inertia forces, eventually to lead to finding the dynamic inter-layer fracture toughness. Dynamic inter-layer fracture toughness was found by a self-made EFN (End Notched Flexure) experimental apparatus using Split Hopkinson's BAR (SHPB), and also observed the variation of the fracture toughness having different resin contents and fiber arrangements of CFRP specimen ([0˚_3/90˚_3/0˚_6/90˚_3/0˚_3], [0˚_20], [0˚_5/90˚_10/0˚_5]). As an experimental result, in either cases of quasi-static or dynamic load condition, the critical load and the inter-layer fracture toughness increased sharply depending on the increase of resin contents. Therefore, it could, be concluded that the effect by resin contents is the major factor determining the inter-layer fracture toughness in the CFRP laminate plates.

신경섬유종증 환자에게서 발생한 특발성 혈소판 감소증 1예

권세훈,김형호,강지인,장재혁,원경준,장재현,김상용,배학연 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.3

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is a disease characterized by thrombocytopenia in peripheral blood with positive anti-platelet antibody titer, no splenomegaly, the presence of megakarocyte. The causes of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura were usually related to autoimmune disease, infection and drugs. A 46-years-old man was admitted for evaluation of abdominal mass. He has many cafe-au-lait spots and nodules in almost skin for 30 years. Several years ago, he palpated mass in Lt. inguinal area. hIe has known the abdominal mass after checking abdomen CT in local clinic and visited our hospital for evaluation of abdominal mass. At admission, laboratory tests showed hemoglobin 12.5 g/dL, hematocrit 38.4 %, WBC 5,460 /㎣ (neutrophil 64.5%, lymphocyte 21.7%, monocyte 4.1%, eosinophil 5.4%), reticulocyte 0.7%, Platelet 52,000 /㎣, total protein 6.51 g/dL, albumin 3.80 g/dL, alkaline pohsphatase 161 IU/L, AST 110.7 IU/L, ALT 64.9 IU/L, total bilirubin 0.44 ㎎/dL, BUN 18.4 ㎎/dL, creatinine 0.79 ㎎/dL. Peripheral blood smear showed normocytic normochromic anemia, thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow aspiration smear showed normoplastic myeloid and erythroid precursor. The bone marrow biopsy section shows normocellular marrow (35%) for his age and mildly increasing myeloid cell lineage. We have experienced a case of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in a patient being in neurofibromatosis and therefore reporting it with documentary records. 저자들은 신경섬유종증 환자에서 특별한 원인을 발견할 수 없었음에도 특발성 혈소판 감소증이 발생한 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

흉막삼출의 유무에 따른 쯔쯔가무시증 환자간의 비교

권세훈,김형호,강지인,하재하,한경택,이재록,김동민,권용은,윤성호,이승일 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.1

Scrub typhus is a potentially fatal infectious disease caused by the organism Orientia tsutsugamushi. Clinical manifestations are fever, skin rash, eschar and varying degree of respiratory distress. The pleural effusion in scrub typhus is rare and secondary to the destruction of vascular endothelium. Because the respiratory symptoms are generally mild and the pleural effusion in scmb typhus is rare than in interstitial pneumonia, there are few comments about the characteristics of scmb typhus with pleural effusion. So we made the comparative study of scmb typhus patients between with pleural effusion and without pleural effusion. 연구배경 치명적일 수 있는 감염질환 중 하나인 쯔쯔가무시중(Scrub typhus)에서 드문 흉막삼출을 동반한 환자에 대한 고찰은 다른 문헌에서도 자주 언급되지 않았다. 따라서 본 저자들은 흉막삼출이 있는 경우와 없는 경우에 따른 쯔쯔가무시중 환자들을 비교하고자 하였다. 방법 2003년에서 2006년까지 조선대학교 병원 내과에 입원중인 환자 중 쯔쯔가무시중 진단을 받은 총 109명의 환자를 대상으로 하여 흉부 X선 검사 및 혈청학적 검사(CPK, LDH, ESR, CRP, AST, ALT, ADA), 혈액학적 검사(WBC, PLT) 및 백분율 검사등을 실시하였다. 결과 흉막삼출이 있는 환자들의 경우 흉막 삼출이 없는 환자들에 비해 ESR 수치가 통계학적으로 의의있게 높았다(p-vaule < 0.05). 결론 흉막삼출 유무에 따른 쯔쯔가무시중 환자간의 비교에 있어 ESR 수치가 통계학적인 의의를 가졌다.