李光洙 초기 단편소설의 모티프 양상연구

이상재 배달말학회 2004 배달말 Vol.34 No.-

이광수는 한국 현대 문학사에서 기념비적인 작가이다. 그의 초기 단편소설은 현대 문학의 출발이라는 의미 뿐만 아니라 그의 문학사상의 시발점이라는 점에서 중요한 의미를 지닌다. 그러나 이광수의 초기 단편소설은 연구자들에게 습작기적 수준이라고 폄하되거나 문학외적인 상황과 결부시켜 평가함으로써 그의 초기단편소설에 대한 면밀한 연구가 이뤄지지 않았다고 판단된다. 본고는 기존 연구자들의 연구태도를 지양하기 위한 방법으로 모티프가 소설로 형상화 과정을 고찰하고자 한다. 모티프를 통한 소설로의 형상화 과정을 고찰하면 이광수 단편소설이 지닌 형식적 특성 뿐만 아니라 논리적 전개 양상, 그리고 작품에 내재된 작가의식까지 고찰할 수 있다. 이광수 초기 단편소설의 모티프는 세 가지 양상으로 나타난다. 그 첫째가 구시대적 결혼의 고발이다. 「무정」, 「소년의 비애」, 「어린 벗에게」에서 살펴본 것과 같이 결혼의 모순이 가정에서 사회로 확대되고 있으며, 아울러 등장인물을 봉건적 의식에 사로잡혀 있는 여인에서 지식인으로 확대하여 보여줌으로써 결혼의 모순으로 인해 그 구성원들의 고통을 표현하고 있다. 둘째, 민족주의의 심화를 보여주었다. 1910년 한일합방 이전에 씌여진 「어린 희생」과 「헌신자」는 희생을 통해 민족애를 강조하고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 「어린 희생」은 침략민족에 대한 강한 저항정신을 담고 있는 반면 「헌신자」는 우리 민족의 자생적 성장이 교육에 달려 있다는 것을 보여준다. 셋째, 존재론적 고독과 탐색 과정이다. 이 소설군은 이광수의 자전적 색채가 어느 소설보다 강하게 드러나며 한일합방 이후의 상황에서 발표되었다는 점에서 한일합방에 대한 충격의 파장으로 보인다. 「김경」, 「방황」 그리고 「윤광호」에는 뚜렷한 방향을 잃고 방황하는 인물들이 등장한다. 그들은 한결같이 민족적인 삶에 회의를 가지고 자신의 자아를 찾으려한다는 점에서 목표가 상실되었을 때 나타나는 현상으로 이해된다. 이광수의 초기 단편소설은 근대소설로 나아가는 시발점에서 다양한 표현과 기법들이 드러나고 있다는 점에서 중요한 문학사적 의의를 지닌다. 또한 그것은 이광수의 문학적 생애와 사상의 변화까지도 보여준다는 점에서 중요한 의미를 지닌다. There is no doubt that Lee, Kwang-soo is a memorial author in history of Korean literature. His early shot stories are significant that they have some features of modern novels besides they are recognized as start line of Lee's literary achievement. However, the literati who has studied Lee's novels has been depreciating his works and analyzing them with relating non-literary aspects, which is definitely inappropriate to study literary material. This essay will be tracing the process which the motives of Lee's early shot stories is embodying the themes to evaluate objectively the significance of the shot stories. The concept of the motif which is selected as a method of this analysis is based on the motif theory of B. Tomashevsky. The motif of Lee's early shot stories is divided into 3 groups. The first motive is 'Marriage'. Lee, Kwang Soo kept talking about marriage in his stories written in 1910's. The stories about marriage are 'Cold-Heartedness(無情)', 'A boy's tear (소년의 비애)' and 'To my little friend(어린 벗에게)' and so on. These shout stories express how badly the antinomy of marriage out of date affect whole society. In addition, there are various characters in these stories to describe that the problems of marriage are occurring to all kind of stratums in society. They are evaluated that the quality is a little lower than his other works because there is something out of the themes which should be focused on marriage discovered. The second motif is 'Sacrifice'. These works were written before Korea became a colony of Japan , and one can feel Lee's patriotism through 'A young a sacrifice (어린희생)', 'Dedicator(헌신자)'. Lee is emphasizing antagonism against Japan and education for independent development of Korea. However, these stories have some defects which the author is equating patriotism and philanthropy and making readers confused by emphasizing parts which have nothing to do with 'Sacrifice'.The last motif is 'Solitude'. This demonstrates Lee's internal conflict after Korea belonged to Japan; 'Kim Kyung(김경)'', 'Wandering(방황)' and 'Yoon, Kwang Ho(윤광호)'. The characters of these stories are straying people, and they point the importance of individualism through showing conflict between nationalism and individualism. In other words, people have to overcome loneliness first. Lee, Kwang-soo's early works are very meaningful from a point of literary veiw because they were written with very close relation with the state of the day and make perceive the thoughts of the intellect. Moreover, there are some modern aspects discovered in Lee's early works.

수학자 보재 이상설(李相卨)의 근대자연과학 수용 -『백승호초(百勝胡艸)』를 중심으로-

이상구 ( Sang Gu Lee ),박종윤 ( Chong Yun Park ),김채식 ( Chae Sik Kim ),이재화 ( Jae Hwa Lee ) 한국수학교육학회 2013 수학교육논문집 Vol.27 No.4

본 논문은 한국 근대수학교육의 아버지 이상설(李相卨, 1870-1917)이 자연과학―물리학―에 기여한 내용을 다루고있다. 이상설은 ?수리(數理)?를 쓴 시기를 전후하여, 같은 시기에 붓으로 총 8면에 걸쳐 『백승호초(百勝胡艸)』라는이름의 고전물리학 원고를 써서 남겼다. 분석결과 이 책의 원전은 1879년에 동경제대 의학부 교재로 발간된 『물리학(物理學)』이다. 이상설은 『백승호초』에서 먼저 개념을 정의하고, 일상에서 나타난 대표적 현상을 선록하여 한문으로번역하였고, 『물리학』의 전체 분량에서도 특히 ‘통유성(通有性)’에 중점을 두고 설명하였다. 동양에서 서양의 수리과학이 들어와야만 말할 수 있는 ‘질량보존의 법칙’, ‘타성(惰性, 관성)’과 같은 고전물리학의 중요개념을 포함하는 내용이 19세기 말에 이미 이 책에 소개된 것으로 보아 이상설은 당대의 다른 저술에서 보기 힘들 정도로 당시 일반물리학의 최고수준의 원서를 통해 최신 정보를 수용하고 전파하기 위하여 노력하였음을 볼 수 있다. Sang-Seol Lee(1870-1917) wrote a manuscript BaekSeungHoCho(百勝胡艸) in the late 19th century. BaekSeungHo-Cho was transcribed in classical Chinese from the 1879 Japanese book Physics(物理學) by Teizo Ihimori (1851-1916). Sang-Seol Lee, a famous independence activist, is also called Father of the Modern Mathematics Education of Korea,because of his early contribution to the modern mathematics education in the 19th century. In this paper, we introduce contents of his manuscript BaekSeungHoCho for the first time and discuss the significance of this book. Also, we show his constribution on the introduction to modern physics in the late 19th century Korea.

수학자 이상설이 소개한 근대자연과학: <식물학(植物學)>

박영민 ( Young Min Park ),김채식 ( Chae Sik Kim ),이상구 ( Sang Gu Lee ),이재화 ( Jae Hwa Lee ) 한국수학교육학회 2011 수학교육논문집 Vol.25 No.2

본 원고는 2004년 과학사학자 박성래 교수가 독립 운동가이자 한국 근대 수학교육의 아버지로 부르기 시작한 보재 이상설(李相卨, 1870-1917)이 자연과학에 기여한 내용을 다루고 있다. 한국수학사학회지 2009년 11월 호에 자세히 소개된 〈數理〉를 쓴 시기를 전후하여, 같은 시기에 이상설이 붓으로 쓴 것으로 여겨지는 〈植物學>(이상설, 1899)은 총 4면의 초록 필사본이며, 그 대본(臺本)은 〈植物學啓蒙〉 (Edkins, 1886)으로 영국의 Joseph Edkins(艾約瑟, 1823-1905)가 번역하여 1886년에 간행한 〈西學啓蒙〉 16종 가운데 하나이다. 이상설의 〈植物學>은 이 〈植物學啓蒙〉을 읽으면서 그 책의 내용 중 당시의 조 선 학자가 모르고 있던 새로운 내용을 중심으로 메모를 한 것으로 여겨진다. 본 연구에서는 전통산학과 근대서양수학을 연결하는 〈數理〉를 저술했으며. 우리나라의 정규 교과과정에 수학과 과학을 필수과목으로 지정하고, 첫 번째 수학교과서 〈산術新書〉를 발간함으로 당대 최고의 수학자로 평가된 이상설이 쓴 〈植物學〉을 발굴하여 그 내용과 의미를 최초로 분석한다, 이를 통하여 당시 조선의 서양 과학, 특히 식물학에 대한 이해 수준을 분석하고 〈植物學〉의 원전인 〈植物學啓蒙〉 과 <西學啓蒙〉의 저자에 대하여 알아본다. 이는 당시 수학교육자가 자연과학분야에 행한 교육적 기여를 이해 하는데 필수적인 연구이다. This paper deals with contents that Sang-Seol Lee contributed to the natural science in the 19th century Korea. Prof. Sung-Rae Park, the science historian, called Sang-Seol Lee Father of the Modern Mathematics education of Korea. Sang-Seol Lee wrote a manuscript Botany with a brush in late 19th century. Botany was transcribed from Science Primers: Botany (written by J. D. Hooker), which is translated into Chinese by Joseph Edkins in 1886. The existence of Sang-Seol Lee`s book Botany was not known to Korean scientists before. In this paper, we study the contents of Botany and its original text. Also we analyze people`s level of understanding Western sciences, especially botany at that time. In addition, we study authors of 16 Primers for Western Knowledge. We study the contribution of mathematician Sang-Seol Lee to science education in the 19th century Korea.

實驗大學 實施에 따른 師範大學 學生實態

李相魯,林在圭,吳岱燮,閔庚德 慶北大學校 師範大學 1977 敎育硏究誌 Vol.19 No.-

The purposes of this study were (1) to analyze students' reasons, for applying to the Teachers College, department and major; (2) to assess the degree of satisfaction on being assigned to their particular department; (3) to investigate their attitudes toward the new way of assigning students in terms of two broadly classified majors i.e., studies of humanistic and social sciences and studies of natural sciences; (4) to estimate the degree of fulfillment of student desire and degree of utility of physical facilities; and (5) to identify reasons of success or failure of the students in the respective departments they were assigned to. The subjects were 2 groups of Teachers College students, one group which entered the university in 1976 and the other in 1977. In order to collect data pertaining to students' opinions or attitudes, questioniares were used; the score on college entrance exam and grade point average were obtained from individual student reports. The data were statistically analyzed by means of either Z or chi-test. The major findings were as follows: 1. Approximately 41 percent of the freshmen of the Teachers College reported that they decided to enter the Teachers College in order to be teachers. 2. Approximately 70 percent of the Teachers College students decided their particular major by themselves rather than by suggestions or advices. 3. The degree of satisfaction on having entered the Teachers College was relatively high, since the average scale point was .472. 4. The fresh students showed a significant decrease in their positive attitude toward the new way of assigning the students to the department or majors. The average scale point of the students in 1975 was .276; that of in 1976 was .489; that of the students in 1977 was .077. When the changes in attitude toward the new way of assigning students to departments or majors were estimated, it was observed that the degree of those in favor was .489 at the beginning of the first semester, and-.677 at the end of the second semester. However, the degree of satisfaction reported by students after they were assigned to a specific department or major was .732. Therefore, the negative attitude toward the new way of assigning could be interpreted as a reflection of students' anxiety status of rather than an attitude against the new way of assigning the students.

自白의 證據能力

李在祥 慶熙大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

섬유종류 및 잔골재용적비에 따른 HPFRCC의 공학적 특성에 관한 실험적 연구

이의배,이동혁,나철성,조봉석,김재환,김무한 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1(구조계)

In general, concrete showed brittle fracture but HPFRCC(High Performance fiber reinforced cementitious composite) showed ultra high ductile behavior in the hardened state, because of the fiber bridging properties. So a variety of experiments have being performed to access the performance of HPFRCC recently. In this study, to develope HPFRCC with high ductility and strain capacity, effects of fiber types and sand volume fraction were investigated. And results of this study were as follows; · HPFRCC reinforced with PVA or hybrid fiber were superior to PP or singleness. · Effect of sand volume fraction on HPFRCC reinforced with PP was insignificant.

벤젠이 마우스 胎仔 肝組織細胞의 小核出現에 미치는 經胎盤效果

李在東,車喆煥,裵思相 고려대학교 의과대학 1988 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.25 No.3

To investigate the transplacental effects of benzene inducing cytotoxicity of fetal mouse liver, number of micronuclei in cells tissue extraced from fetus of which dams were administered with benzene per os by doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 ml/kg were measured. Furthermore, vitamine C was administered to check whether it inhibits the production of micronucleus when exposed to benzene at the same time. On the other hand, alcohol was also administered to check whether it increases the production of them. The summarized results were follows; 1. The frequency of micronuclei produced from liver cells of fetus whose dams were administered with benzene by single doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 ml/kg body wt. were 1.89±0.49, 2.16±0.76 and 3.94±0.22% each, whereas it was 1,41±0.27% in normal group. 2. In cases of additional doses of 0.5 and 1.0ml/kg body wt. after 6 hours of initial same doses, the frequencies of them were 2.48±0.67 and 3.18±0.37% each which were significantly higher than those of single dosed group. 3, When 2g/kg body wt. of vitamine C was administered at the same time with 0.5ml/kg body wt. of benzene administration, the frequency of micronuclei produced was 1.45±0.37% which was not different from that of normal group. In cases of 1ml/kg of benzene and 2g/kg of vitamine C administration, it was1.67±0.26% which was significantly lower than that of benzene alone treated group. 4. Alchohol (2m1/kg body wt.) was also administered together with 0.5ml/kg of benzene and 3.20±0.56%, fetal cells showed micronuclei which was significantly higher than 1.89 ±0.49% of benzene alone treated group.

鬱陵島 稀貴植物의 分布 및 生態에 關한 硏究

李愚升,鄭載東,洪盛千 慶北大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.41 No.-

Ulreung island harbors more diverse and rare native plants than any other area of Korea due to its geographic and climatic peculiarity. Many of the native plants have been used as famine crops, medicinal herbs, vegetables, and ornamentals. Some of them are important sources of income for residents on the island nowadays. This survey was conducted to select the promising native plants for use as vegetable or ornamentals, and to help residents economy by studying the methods for preservation and propagation of the valuable native plants. 1. Current native vegetation on Ulreung island consists of pure coniferous forests, 550 ha(10%), pure broad-leaved forests, 3,518ha(64%), and mixed forests, 636ha(12%). 2. Among the wild native plants, Lilium hansonil, Allium victorials var. platypliyllum, Arumcus diolicus var. kamtschaticus, Solidago virgaurea var. gigantea, Pteridium aqu-ilinum var. latiusculium, Osmunda japonica, Reynoutria sachalinensis, Aralia continentalis are used as vegetable and their edible parts are either young stems, sprouts or bulbs. While Gynostemma pentaphyllum is exported as a material for tea. 3. Those plants that were considered worthwhile to improve and propagate as ornamentals were Calanthe striata, Cymbidium goeringii, Hepatica maxima, Adiantum pedatum, Sorbus commixta, Thymus quinguecostatus etc. Those that appeared promising for garden tree or terrarium were Taxus cuspidata var. latifolia Nak, Tsuga sieboldii, Pinus parviflora, Tilia insularis, and Sorbus commixta etc. 4. As an ecological characteristic, Allium victorialis var. platypliyllum was distributed as a community on the slopes of mountains or uneven areas. They were thriving especially on humus rich area under tall or medium trees. 5. Natural habitats of Aruncus diolicus var. kamtschaticus and Solidago virgaurea var. gigantea etc. were found under the trees with dominance and sociability range of 5.5 to +. Therefore, more or less shading would be necessary for production of high quality crops. 6. Pteridium aquilimum var. latiusculium was distributed around the fields or paddy fields at the foot of mountains and on vestiges of slash-and-burn fields. Osmunda japonica was thriving on slightly humid low slopes and under the trees with high dominance. 7. Calanthe strialata, Cymbidium goeringii, Hepatica maxima, Adiantum pedatum, and Asplenium scolopendrium have either beautiful flower or leaves. They were distributed in dense forests of tall trees. Adiantum pedatum was found between rocks, Asplenium scolopendrium and Reynoutria sachalinensis, along the valley line, Ardisia japonica under Tsaga sieboldii, Pinus parviflora and Fagus crenata var. multinervis communities on Taewharyung and Thymus quinguecostacus, on a sunny area of Nan-Dong in large communities. 8. Propagation of the native plants would be possible as follows: Aruncus diolicus var. kamtschaticus, Allium victorialis var. platypliyllum, Thymus quinguecostatus and Soli-dago virgaurea var. gigantea by either division or seed, Hepatica maxima, Pinus parviflora, Tsuga sieboldii and Sorbus commixta by seed, those ferns such as Osmunda japonica, Adiantum pedatum and Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculium by germinating spores aseptically in laboratory or in the greenhouse, Lilium hansonii by bulbscale cutting or by bulbscale tissue culture, Ardisia japonica and Taxus cuspidata var. latifolia by either seed or cutting and Thymus quinquecostatus by cutting. 9. Humus content of native soil was ranging from 19.1% to 91.2% and pH, from 4.7 to 5.3.

矯正用 接着劑의 接着强度에 관한 熱的 影響

李京園,權五源,成在鉉 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1987 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.4 No.1

Sufficient bonding strength of the bracket to tooth surface during active treatment and the thermal characteristics which facilitate the removal of the bracket from the tooth surface at the last treatment phase have been the most essential requirements in direct-bonding techinc. The purpose of this study was to develop such adhesive system that contained above mentioned characteristics, and so, thermal property was adopted in order to investigate the effect on the adhesion between bracket and tooth surface. Orthodontic metal brackets were directly bonded to the extracted human teeth with three orthodontic adhesives (Super-Bond, Mono-Lok2 and Concise). The bonding strength was measured at 0℃,30℃,50℃,70℃ and 90℃ in the universal tensile testing machine. The results were as follows: The adhesion strength of adhesives showed their maximum values at 30℃ and lost almost their bonding strength at 90℃. All the adhesives had a tendency that their tensile and shear strength decreased with the increase of temperature. Tensile strength of Super-Bond and Mono-Lok 2 decreased remarkably with the increase of temperature and Concise decreased more or less slowly. The pattern of shear strength in each adhesive with the increase of temperature was also analogous to that of its tensile strength. It was suggested that debracketing was easy by thermal characteristics of adhesive.

Cryptococcus neoformans에 대한 Amphotericin B, Nystatin, 5-fluorocytosine, Ketoconazole, Miconzole 및 Rifampicin의 단독 혹은 복합처리에 의한 감수성검사 성적

李在祥 中央醫學社 1989 中央醫學 Vol.54 No.6

In vitro antifungal activities of ketonazole, miconazole, amphotericin B, nystatin, 5-fluorocytosine and rifampicin in combined with ketoconazole/miconazole are determined against 4 strains of Cryptococcus enoformans. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ketoconazole, miconazole, amphotericin B, nystatin, 5-fluorocytosine and rifampicin for tested strains were ranged from 0.047pg m1-1 - 0.094 pg ml-', 0.78 pg m1 1 - 1.50 pg ml-', 0.39 pg m1'1 - 1.56 pg ml-1, 40.0 pg ml-1 - 50.0 pg ml-1, 0.25 pg ml-1 - 6.25 pg ml-1 and > 100.0 pg ml-1. The growth curve experiment with on strain of Qyptococcus neoformans. WCM-1 demonstrated that the combination of ketoconazole/miconazole produced a decrease in number of colony forming unit of <2 logs in 24 hours of observation. On the basis of theses studies, it is concluded that ketoconazole/miconzaole are synergistic against Cryptococcus neoformans under experimental conditions.