정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Piezoelectric Materials: All‐Solution‐Processed Flexible Thin Film Piezoelectric Nanogenerator (Adv. Mater. 45/2012)

Chung, Sung Yun,Kim, Sunyoung,Lee, Ju‐,Hyuck,Kim, Kyongjun,Kim, Sang‐,Woo,Kang, Chong‐,Yun,Yoon, Seok‐,Jin,Kim, Youn Sang WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.24 No.45

<P>An all‐solution‐processed flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator, composed of polycrystalline ZnO thin film and functional polymer layers such as P3HT/PCBM and PEDOT:PSS, generates energy through a mechanical rolling and muscle stretching system. On page 6022, Youn Sang Kim, Sang‐Woo Kim, and co‐workers show that this all‐solution‐processed nanogenerator is feasible as a piezoelectric patchable device and is promising for use in future energy harvesters such as wearable human patches and mobile electronics. </P>

동충하초 투여가 최대하 운동 시 지방연소에 미치는 영향

김철우,이용수,이상현,이상호,하민수,윤영조,이재일 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.4

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of Cordyceps militaris on fat oxidation during submaximal exercise. Fifteen healthy male collegiate students(ingestion group, N=7; control group, N=8) participated as subjects after signing an informed consent following overnight, subjects completed maximal graded execise test on treadmill to determine exercise intensity(50%VO2max). To evaluate the fat oxidation using indirect calorimeter, it was performed submaximal treadmill to determine exercise lasting. 40min at 50%VO2max after 5day and consumed Cordyceps militaris on separate days. This study was used 2×4 two way repeated ANOVA to analyze physiological and metabolic variables between two groups and metabolic variables between two groups and four exercise periods(l0min, 20min, 30min 40min), and used Scheffe to post-hoc test. Significance was set at α=.05. The results of this study were as followed: First, there were significantly highest in ingestion group for V02, percentage of fat oxidetion(%fat), fat per kilocarolies(Fkcal), and total per kilocarolies(Tkcal)(p<.05), but respiratory exchange ration(RER) and heart rete(HR) were significantly lower in ingestion group(p<.05). Second, RER, %fat, Fkcal were significantly difference in 10, 20, 30, 40min of exercise period(p<.05). This results suggest that there is the effect of Cordyceps militaris on fat oxidation submaximal exercise. Additionally, to evaluate effect of Cordyceps militaris as ergogenic aid, it should be required the future study that included extend subjects, various dosage, and chronic consumption.

크롬(Ⅵ)의 체내 흡수와 소실속도에 관한 연구

김현영,이성배,임철홍,이권섭,정용현,이종성,한정희,전윤석,황호순,이용묵 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The CrO3 mostly used in plating. metal surface disposal, leather, cosmetic manufacturing, as an experiment material by repeatedly inhaling and exposure the male S.D. rats at a 0.00, 0.2., 0.50, 1.25 mg/㎡ concentration(particle size: 0.5-0.5 aerosol)6hours a day, 5day a week in 13weeks comparing with 2weeks, 8weeks of recovery group about the noxiousness of the experiment animal and the reduce scale of the CrO3 in the internal organ especially in blook and respiratory organ with the period of convalescent and clearance. The experiment results which we received are as follows. 1. In blood the RBC, HGB and HCT experiment, rats with 0.20, 0.50 mg/㎡ concentration showed that there were some decreases but not dependent. The kidneys absolute weight compared with control group was reduced intentionally(p〈0.05) and the lungs absolute weight compared with control group showed intentional increase(p〉0.05). 2. After the exposure of the experiment material, the whole blook, l\blood plasma and red blood cell in blood by (x): the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr concentration, was y=66.51 e -0.057x, y=67.2 e-0.101x, y=70.01 e-0.030 in 0.50 mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life (day)was estimated 12.0, 6086, 23.0 each. 3, After the exposure of the experiment material, the experiment animals lung, liver and kidneys by(x); the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr conentration, was y=1808 e-0.00493x, y=12.02e-0.0297x, y=67.61 e-0.0292x in 0.50mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life(day)was estimated 140.6, 23.3, 23.7, each, and including lung, liver with all of the experiment internal organs, the Cr clearance decreased as the exposure concentration increased.

건강한 성인에서 발병한 칸디다와 연관된 위궤양 1례

박지훈,이상혁,김희,이재호,박성재,지삼룡,양성연,박은택,이연재,설상영,정정명,강미선 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Fungus such as Candida albicans is a normal flora that is frequently found in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, vaginal mucosa in a normal person. However, candida can cause opportunistic infection in an immune compromised host. Candidiasis has broad spectrum of disease from mucocutaneous infection to invasive or disseminated infection. But, it is rarely reported that candida is associaed with gastrointestinal tract disease in a healthy adult. The case of gastric ulcer associated with candida particularly in a health adult is reported with relevant literature.

수입각증후군에 의한 급성 복증 1례

정은욱,지삼룡,이영태,박지훈,김동기,제인수,채두근,박성재,박은택,이연재,이상혁,설상영,정정명 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Afferent loop syndrome is an uncommon complication of a gastrectomy and Billroth Ⅱ reconstruction. It may cause symtoms at any time from the first postoperative day to many years after the gastrectomy. Afferent loop syndrome is characterized by abdominal pain, vomiting and elevation of serum amylase. Thus, it is difficult to differentiate afferent loop syndrome from other cause of acute pancreatitis. However, the history of gastrectomy can be an important clue for diagnosing afferent loop syndrome. We experienced one case of chronic afferent loop syndrome with acute pancreatitis. After appropriate management, the abdominal pain disappeared and serum amylase level decreased. We report this case with a review of relevant literatures.

바터 팽대부에 생긴 유암종 1예

강명주,지삼룡,박석주,이재익,조영완,김준영,박성재,박은택,이연재,이상혁,설상영,배상균 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

Carcinoid tumors have been reported in a wide range of organs but most commonly involve the lungs, bronchi and gastrointestinal tract. Within the gastrointestinal tract, appendix is the most common location for carcinoid, followed by the distal small intestine, the rectum, and the stomach. Among these, primary involvement of the ampulla of Vater is extremely rare. We report a case of carcinoid tumor of ampulla of Vater. A 62-year-old man presented with epigastric soreness. Gastroduodenal endoscopy showed hyperemic bulging mass on ampulla of Vater and diagnosed as carcinoid tumor by histologic finding, with immunohistochemical study. In ^(111)In-octreoscan, tumor had regional lymph node metastasis, but no evidence of distant metastasis. Pancreatoduodenectomy with lymph node dissection was performed.

간세포암의 고주파 열치료 후 천자침 경로를 통한 전이 1례

조영완,박석주,진한영,김준영,이재익,강명주,박정하,윤정희,박성재,지삼룡,이연재,이상혁,설상영 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

Radiofrequency ablation(RFA), as a form of minimally invasive therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma, has become an important treatment modality. Because of limitation of surgery, RFA has become standard therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma in some situations. But there are some complications of RFA such as bleeding, infection, hematoma, adjacent organ thermal damage including intestinal perforation, needle track seeding, and so on. There are few reports in the literature that systematically evaluate the incidence of needle tract seeding and its associated risk factors. And only 2 cases of needle tract seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma after RFA were reported in Korea. We report a case of needle tract seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma after RFA.

한국어 분석을 위한 범주 문법의 확장

이미선,윤순호,한성국 圓光大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.26 No.2

자연언어 처리를 위해서는 문법체계의 설정이 선행되어야 한다. 생성문법 체계가 일반화되기 전에 범주문법 논리표현식과 자연언어의 체계를 범주에 의해서 표현할 수 있는 가능성을 제시한 것으로 많은 연구가 있었다. 최근 이와 관련하여 함수합성과 형상승규칙을 기반으로한 결합 범주 문법체계가 제시되기도 하였다. 결합범주문법은 WH-이동이나 등위구문등의 처리에 효과적인 것으로 알려지고 있으며 결합범주에 의해 구문 기능과 의미 해석을 동시에 하는 방법을 제시해 주고 있다. 함수합성은 제약적인 순서를 기반으로 하고 있기 때문에 한국어와 같이 어순이 자유로운 언어에 적용할 경우에는, 불합리한 형상승등의 문제점을 야기시키게 된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하고 한국어 등 어순이 자유로운 언어에 적용하기 위해 가환범주의 설정을 제시한다. 가환범주를 사용하므로써 자유어순 언어의 사전구성과 함수합성 등 규칙적용을 효율적으로 할 수 있게 된다. 본 논문에서는 대표적인 한국어구문의 분석을 통해 가환범주의 언어학적 효용성과 처리방식을 보인다. The complexity of Natural Language Processing system makes the implementation of a system a research problem to find an adequate grammar system. Classical categorial grammar in the decades before generative grammar formalisms become the main stream of syntax theory, is based on the idea that the expressions of logical and natural languages can be described entirely in terms of the defined categories. One recent approach on categorial grammar called Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG) proposes the operations of functional composition and type-raising in analysis of noncanonical structures such as WH-dependencies and nonidentical phrase conjunction. On the assumption that syntactic categories directly reflect the semantics of the entity in a type-driven system, CCG can make it possible to combine the syntactic functions and semantic interpretation in one combinatorial category. Since the functional operations have the strict ordering properties, the adaption of the current CCG to free word order languages cannot avoid the unusual type-raising operations and will be hard to extend the domain of categories, In this paper, a commutative productive category is proposed to the current CCG for the syntactic analysis of free word order languages like Korean. The commutative productive category is quite natural for categorial lexicon and functional operations. We present the theoretical basis of productive categories and examine the linguistic implication and the processing algorithms for the typical syntactic structures of free order languages through Korean.

압력용기 구조물 용접부에서 잔류응력이 피로균열진전거동에 미치는 영향

이연신,차용훈,김덕중,성백섭 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 1999 機械技術硏究 Vol.2 No.2

This paper is to investigated the influence of welding residual stresses on the fatigue crack growth behaviors in the vertical direction to the weld bead. So, Co₂Automatic welding was performed on the ASTM A5l6 grade 60 Steel. For skip and continuous fillet welding, the specimens of fatigue cracks are initiated at toe end and beginning of welded specimen. The fatigue life of continue fillet welding is greater then that of skip fillet welding. The fatigue lief of as welded specimen is longer than that of PWHT specimen because the compression residual stress are greater than the other zone, which are near the welding toe notch of welded specimen. For skip and continuous fillet welding, da/dN-ΔK relations show retardation at HAZ and increase linearly at the stable growth region.