생활체육참가정도와 Wellness지수, 생활만족의 관계

김상국(Kim Sang-Kook),이광욱(Lee Kwang-Wook) 한국체육과학회 2005 한국체육과학회지 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among leisure sports participation, wellness inventory and life satisfaction, The subjects were 645 adults(male=348; female=297) aged more than 20 years who participated in community-based leisure sports programs of the fitness clubs in Seoul and Incheon City, Korea, The degree of leisure sports participation; items on the Wellness scale developed and used by Kim Sang-kuk based on Wellness: Concepts and Application developed by Anspaugh et al.(l994); and the Korean version of the Satisfaction with Life scale(SWLS) developed by Diener, Emons, Larsen & Griffin(1985) translated and used by Lee Jong-kil(1992). The validity of the questionnaire was verified through specialists' meeting, the pilot test, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire was found to be Cronbach' s α=.66~.83. The methods of statistics used to analyze the collected data were correlation analysis and multiple regression using SPSS WIN 11.5. As a result, the following findings were obtained: First, it was found that the degree of leisure sports participation had an effect on the wellness inventory. That is, participants who participated in the leisure sports program longer, more frequently, and more actively had the higher level of recognition on the wellness inventory than any other group. Second, it was found that the degree of leisure sports participation had an effect on the life satisfaction. That is, participants who participated in the leisure sports program longer, more frequently, and more actively the higher level of recognition on the life satisfaction than any other group. Third, it was found that the wellness inventory had an effect on the life satisfaction. That is, the participants who were highly conscious of physical, social, mental health domains as subfactors of the wellness inventory had the higher level of life satisfaction.

골다공증의 위험인자 : 아산시 지역 주민을 대상으로

김용배,장원기,황보영,김화성,안규동,이병국,이용진,이남수,이상건,이상범,이상우,이선정,이성수 순천향대학교 2006 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.12 No.1

Objective : As the average lifespan of human increases, osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related fractures have become major health care problems. Despite recent advances in medical treatment, few studies have assessed the recognition of osteoporosis in general adults. This study examined the recognition of osteoporosis and analyzed the relating factors. Method : A population-based sample of 1086 adults in Asan-city, Korea was investigated with questionnaires and height, weight, Information regarding the general characteristics(gender, age, economic state), lifestylef exercise, smoking, alcohol),medical history(progestin, GH, steroid, calcitonin, PTH), demographic parameter, obesity, stress, and family history was collected through an interview using a structural questionnaire. The level of obesity was measured by the body mass index(BMI). BMD(Bone mineral density) at the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Osteoporosis was considered to be T-score below -2.5. Results : The prevalence of osteoporosis increased progressively with age, decreased with BMI and predominant in women by the result of x^(2) -test, T-test. Age, weight, BMI were significantly correlated with osteoporosis by the result of Pearson correlation ana1ysis(P<0.05). And age, gender, BMI, family history of osteoporosis were proved to be significant risk factors of osteoporosis by the result of multiple logistic regression(P<0.05). Conclusion : These results suggest that age, gender, BMI might be the most important risk factors of osteoporosis. And the history taking about family history of osteoporosis is helpful for diagnosing osteoporosis.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

고관절 전치환술 후 합병된 비구 컵 해리와 동반된 활액낭종 : 증례보고 Case Report

성일보,정국진,박수철,김진호,정형진,황재광,염재광,정병현,안종국 대한고관절학회 2001 Hip and Pelvis Vol.13 No.1

Underlying representation in geminates: from OT perspective

Sung-Hoon Hong,Chang-Kook Suh 한국음운론학회 2004 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.10 No.1

Hong, Sung-Hoon, and Chang-Kook Suh. 2004. Underlying represen-tation in Geminates: from an OT perspective. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology. 10.1. 129.144. This research has examined the status of Underlying Representation (UR) in Optimality Theory focusing on the representation of consonant geminates. For this purpose, we have examined geminate/singleton alternation in Ponapean employing Lexicon Optimization (LO), an algorithm proposed to select a UR among multiple inputs. We have seen that simple application of LO is problematic in singling out a UR for the case of alternation. This leads us to the version of LO that is performed on the paradigms, rather than on an individual forms (Tesar and Smolensky 1996, 2000, Inkelas 1995, 1998). After a thorough implementation of LO, we have found that the URs are simply identical to the input forms; geminate UR for the alternating case and singleton UR for the nonalternating case. Further, it was shown that a unique underlying representation of geminates, regardless of their positions in which they occur, can account for the exceptional geminate behaviors. (Hansung University and Cheonan University)

성장기 골격성 Ⅰ급 부정교합 환자의 정모두부방사선 계측의 특징

성상진,문윤식,김정국,정현성 대한치과교정학회 2001 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.31 No.2

악안면 기형과 부정 교합의 성공적인 교정 치료를 위하여 안모의 3차원적인 평가가 필수적이지만 교정의사는 주로 측모두부방사선사진에 기초한 진단 및 치료계획에 익숙하다. 이는 정모두부방사선사진에 관한 계측치, 악골의 폭경 성장에 관한 지식과 임상적 의의에 대하여 관심이 부족한 때문으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서는 골격성 I 급 부정교합으로 진단된 6세에서 16세 사이의 남자 130명과 여자 171명을 대상으로 정모두부방사선사진 상의 두개골 및 상하악골의 폭경을 계측하여, 연령과 경추골 발육지표(CVMI)에 따른 변화 양상을 알아보았다. 다항 회귀모형(polynominal regression models)과 변수선택법(method of variable selection)을 이용하여 적합한 회귀모형(regresslon model)을 각 성별에서 선택하고 이를 이용하여 연령에 따른 각 계측치의 평균 및 개별 계측치(individual measurement)의 70% 신뢰구간(confidence interval)을 추정하여 그래프로 작성하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.모든 폭경 계측치는 나이 또는 CVMI의 증가에 따라 점차 증가하였으며,6세부터 16세까지의 총변화량은 상악골 폭경보다는 하악골 폭경이 그리고 여자보다는 남자에서 더 많은 경향을 나타내었다. 2.Mx-Mn difference, Mx-Mn width differential, Mx/Mn ratio는 연령과 CVMI에 따른 남녀간의 유의차가 없었다. 3.회귀모형을 이용하여 나이에 따른 남녀 계측치의 평균 및 신뢰구간을 70%로 추정하여 상악골폭경,하악골 폭경, Mx-Mn difference, Mx/Mn ratio에 대한 그래프를 얻었다. 4.한국인의 상하악골 폭경은 성장기 동안 서양인에 비하여 큰 경향을 나타내었다. 본 연구의 결과를 성장기 부정교합 환자의 폭경 성장 평가와 폭경 부조화의 진단에 이용한다면 치아 석고모형 만을 이용하는 한계를 적절히 보완할 수 있다고 생각된다 Three dimensional analysis of malocclusion and craniofacial deformation is essential for the successful orthodontic treatment. But the orthodontists are not familiar with diagnosis and treatment plane based on lateral cephalometric analysis. Since orthodontists do not posses a sufficient knowledge in standard value of posteroanterior cephalometric analysis and of clinical importance for transverse jaw growth. In this study male(n=130) and female(n=171) aged from 6 to 16 and diagnosed as Class I malocclusion were selected to analysis width of cranium, maxilla and mandible on the posteroanterior cephalogram. The changes as a function of chronologic age and cervical vertebrae maturity index(CVMI) were examined. The proper regression model was selected by sex with polynominal regression models and method of variable selection. Mean of each measurements and 70% confidence interval of individual measurement according to age was assesed and a graphs were made. Results are as follows : 1.All the measurements for the width are gradually inclesed as increase in chronologic age and CVMI. From the total amount of change between age 6 and 16, there is a tendency that mandibular width is broader than maxillary width and the width of male is broader than female. 2.There is no statistically significant sexual difference in Mx-Mn difference, Mx-Mn width differential, Mx/Mn ratio according to age and CVMI. 3.Mean of each measurement and 70% confidence interval of individual measurement according to age and sex were assessed and graphs were made for maxillary width, mandibular width, Mx-Mn difference, Mx/Mn ratio. 4.The width of maxilla and mandible in Korean children are broader than Western children during growth period.

미군정기 박물관의 교육적 의미

국성하 한국교육사학회 2003 한국교육사학 Vol.25 No.1

The intention of this dissertation is to study the educational significance of museums during the US military administration. Hereby, the following issues are in question. First, how was the procedure of reopening museum. Second, how did the museums have changed. Third, what was the educational significance of museum during this period. Outcome of research comes into the following conclusion. After the Independence, three years of the US military administration was the essential period for Korean to reestablish the identity of museums totally different from that of Japanese colonization. Under the US military administration Japanese was handing over museums to Korean smoothly. These actions allowed museums to have plenty of exhibitions - the key components to museum. At the same time, it means Japanese collection and its category have been affected to these days. During the US military adminstration, Korean museums has changed into the part of the national museum system. Newly founded museums were for injecting fresh vigor to Korean museums. Through management of museums under the national museum system, museums were to enhance its value and stature, not the museums of Chosum Governor General but Korean. In US military administration period, various activities were resumed and unfolded, contrast to the latter period of Japanese colonization. Excavation, research and education restarted as well as the reopening of the museums. These activities gave Korean intellectual chances to hand over the cultural contexts, which accumulated by leading role of Japanese intellectual. Thus, museums during the US military administration have following educational significances. First, in spite of new ownership from Japanese to Korean, the exhibitions in museums remains, the same contents and way which Japanese had collected and displayed with their own intention. Moreover, as Japanese neglected the raising of Korean museum experts on purpose, though Independence, Japanese had to help museum to collect and arrange the relics for a while. These caused a lesser attention to visitors. Second, although superficially museums was changed into the new museum system, in the reality, the organizational changes and the establishment of several new museums were the all what had happened. Most museums were extended from Japanese colonization to US military administration. These caused the negative influence : continuing the course and custom set by the Japanese colonial period. Third, nevertheless, "dynamic" could be felt outer and inner part of museums during US military administration. The establishments of new museums, the arrangement of scientific activities and the excavation of relics shows that museums did centripetal role for various activities. These could be expressed "dynamic", and are related to Korean museum development to these days.

치조골 상실에 따른 상악 치아군 저항중심의 변화에 관한 유한요소해석

성상진,김인태,국윤아,전윤식,김성훈,모성서 대한치과교정학회 2009 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.5

효과적인 교정치료계획의 수립을 위하여 치열군의 저항중심의 위치에 대한 평가는 필수적이다. 이번 연구의 목적은 상악 치열군(4전치, 6전치, 14치아)에서 치조골 손실에 따른 저항중심의 위치변화를 조사해보고자 하였다. 상악 전치열 14개 치아와 치주인대 및 0 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm 손실된 치조골의 3차원 유한요소 모델을 제작하였고 각 치아군(4전치, 6전치, 14치아)별로 치관부를 협측, 설측호선 및 splint wire로 고정하여 치아군 모델을 제작한 후 상악 중절치의 절단연 중점에서 연장된 splint wire에 4전치와 6전치군에는 200 g, 14치아군에는 400 g의 후방 견인력과 압하력을 적용하여 저항중심의 수직적, 수평적 위치를 분석하였다. 4전치군에서 저항중심의 수직 위치는 치조골 0 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm 손실에 따라 중절치의 절단연에서 치근방향 13.5 mm, 14.5 mm, 15 mm, 수평 위치는 후방 12 mm, 12 mm, 12.5 mm, 6전치군에서는 치근방향 13.5 mm, 14.5 mm, 15.5 mm, 후방 14 mm, 14 mm, 14.5 mm, 14치아군에서는 치근방향 11 mm, 13 mm, 14.5 mm, 후방 26.5 mm, 27 mm, 25.5 mm에 위치하였다. 모든 치아군에서 저항중심은 치조골 손실에 따라 치근첨 방향으로 이동하였으나, 치조정과의 거리는 가까워졌고, 4전치군과 6전치군에서 저항중심은 치조골 손실에 따라 후방으로 이동하였으나, 14치아군에서는 치조골 2 mm 손실 시에는 후방으로 이동하였으나, 4 mm 손실 시에는 전방으로 이동하였다. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the center of resistance of the maxillary teeth in relation to alveolar bone loss. Methods: A finite element model, which included the upper dentition and periodontal ligament, was designed according to the amount of bone loss (0 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm). The teeth in each group were fixed with buccal and lingual arch wires and splint wires. Retraction and intrusion forces of 200 g for 4 and 6 anterior teeth groups and 400 g for the full dentition group were applied. Results: The centers of resistance were at 13.5 mm, 14.5 mm, 15 mm apical and 12 mm, 12 mm, 12.5 mm posterior in the 4 incisor group; 13.5 mm, 14.5 mm, 15 mm apical and 14 mm, 14 mm, 14.5 mm posterior in the 6 anterior teeth group; and 11 mm, 13 mm, 14.5 mm apical and 26.5 mm, 27 mm, 25.5 mm posterior in the full dentition group respectively according to 0 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm bone loss. Conclusions: The center of resistance shifted apically and posteriorly as alveolar bone loss increased in 4 and 6 anterior teeth groups. However, in the full dentition group, the center of resistance shifted apically and anteriorly in the 4 mm bone loss model.

치면세균막에서 분리한 뮤탄스 연쇄상구균 및 Streptococcus anginosus의 수종 항생제에 대한 감수성 조사

국중기,임상수,유소영,황호길 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.5

The aim of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of mutans streptococci (S. mutans and S. sobrinus) and Streptococcus anginosus, for seven antibiotics, penicillin G, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime, erythromycin, bacitracin, and vancomycin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of seven antibiotics against 3 species (type strains) of mutans streptococci and S. anginosus, 10 strains (wild type) of S. mutans, 7 strains (wild type) of S. sobrinus, and 11 strains (wild type) of S. anginosus, were measured by broth dilution method. All of the type strains of mutans streptococci and S. anginosus had the same susceptibility for penicillin G, amoxicillin, cefuroxime and bacitracin. Type strain of S. anginosus was sensitive in ciprofloxacin, but those of mutans streptococci were not. All of the clinical isolates of mutans streptococci and S. anginosus had the same susceptibility for the seven antibiotics. Our data reveal that mutans streptococci and S. anginosus have similar antibiotic-resistant character. In addition. these results may offer the basic data to verify the antibiotic-resistant mechanism of mutans streptococci and S. anginosus.

일제 강점기 동화정책 수단으로서의 "조선신궁"의 건립과 운영

국성하 한국교육사학회 2004 한국교육사학 Vol.26 No.1

The Chosun Shrine was established in 1925 at the foot of Mt. Nam in Seoul. Japanese imperialist believed that it was of vital importance to propagate Shrines as a temple to worship. That was why from 1912 Japanese concentrated their energy to create this custom, it finally realized to the Chosun Shrine. Japanese Shrines - consummated with the Chosun Shrine - became the basis of Japanization policy until the independence of Chosun in 1945. These shrines became common places with the ritual of the salutation to Japanese king as a living god. This paper tried to find reasons why Chosun people worshiped the shrines including the Chosun Shrine. The final outcomes are as following Frist, to make Japanese emperor fixed as a heavenly king, the salutation to the emperor was an useful method. Japanese believed that if the king become the religious idol, Chosun people would like to follow him even at the cost of their lives. That is why Japanese founded the Chosun Shrine and made people recite the Education Edict with solemn manner. Second, in the repeatation of the process of worship the Chosun Shrine was used as a method of assimilation policy. Chosun people came to Chosun Shrine, purified their mind and body with the regulations of the temple, and worshiped in front of the idol. This ritual did not occur at one time but every holiday, for someone, everyday. This meant that the Shrine became daily places where Japanize Chosun people. Third, Japanese used schools as a crucial media to the salutation of shrine. Every morning, students recited the Education Edict and visited Chosun Shrine and saluted to the east where Japanese king lived. This meant 'making emperor's people' was done intensively in school. Consequently even superficially, students had to attend this Japanization. Without this education, social success would have been impossible.