정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

茶山의 牧民論 : 民本을 넘어 民主로 Beyond Confucian Democracy to Modern Democracy

한상익 국제문화학회 2002 역사와 사회 Vol.28 No.-

A close examination on the issues, policies and the key variables of the mayor clection of Seoul on the June 13th reveals that the Six Articles of Yul-gi(律己; self-control) and 'Six Doctrines of love towards people' - both of them were proposed by a realist in Choso˘n Dynasty, Jung Yag Yong in his theory of governing the people - are the main theme of them. The fact that his theory can be applied to the local autonomy system, the base of modern democracy, suggests that his theory contains basic elements of modern democracy. He opposed the nature theory of Sung Confucianism, arguing that every man is equal as they all share common universal nature. And he went further to insist that every moral and social inequality should be abolished. He suggested basic principles of democracy when he saw the people as the subject of social contract and beings with the right and duty to participate in the politics. Thus, his theory is a way of organizing political communities under democratic principles rather than a way of ruling the subjects in feudal society, and it is a principle that should be kept in democratic society.

주요 우울병 환자에서 Sertraline의 항우울 효과에 대한 임상적 연구

한오수,박종익,이철,이성동,박인호 울산대학교 의과대학 1994 울산의대학술지 Vol.3 No.1

As the psychopharmacological tool in the treatment of major depression, traditionally Tricyclic antidepressants has been used. But recently SSRIs(Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor) are introduced. They have the characteristics in that serotonin concentration would be elevated when receptors blocked by SSRIs, and they have less anticholinergic, antihistaminergic, antiadrenergic effect. We evaluated the antidepressive effect, side-effect and physiological effect of Sertraline in 20 Koreans, who were diagnosed as the ,ajor depression in DSM-Ⅲ-R criteria. Dosage was 50 mg, and total duration was 4 or 6 weeks. We have the result that the depressive symptoms were improved in terms of H.D.S(Hamilton Depression Scale) and B.D.I.(Beck Depression Inventory) including C.G.I.(Clinical Global Impression). Significant improvement was noticed after 2 weeks, and this effect was sustained in 4-6 weeks. side-effect was appeared, which were mainly gastrointestinal troubles including dyspepsia. anorexia, nausea, abdominal pain. But it was not the extent of stopping of the study. The physiological changes were not occurred. Generally we concluded that Sertraline has the antidepressant effect.

경남지역 벼 친환경재배시 고품질 유색미 생산을 위한 적정 품종

김상열,한상익,오성환,이종희,권영업 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.2

가금티푸스 저항성 계통 선발을 위한 산란종계의 경제능력 검정에 관한 연구

한성욱,이봉덕,전익수 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2001 농업과학연구 Vol.28 No.2

가금티푸스에 저항성을 가진 합성종을 생산하기 위하여 갈색계통인 이사(ISA), 하이라인(Hyline), 로만(Lohman) 3 계통과, 백색계통인 인사 (ISA) 및 로만(Lohman) 2 계통의 종계(PS)에 대한 생존율, 사료섭취량, 체중, 성성숙일령, 시산 난중, 및 난질을 조사하였다. 성계 암컷 생존율(34주∼66주)은 갈색계통과 백색계통에서 각각 93.3%, 93.5%로 차이가 없었고, 수컷 생존율에도 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 수당사료 섭취량(21∼66주)은 암컷에서 갈색계통과 백색계통이 각각 113.9g과 114.3g으로 비슷한 수준이었으며, 수컷에서도 차이가 없었다. 성계 체중은 암·수 공히 갈색 산란종계 3계통 및 백색 산란종계 2계통간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 갈색과 백색 산란종계의 체중을 비교해 보면, 갈색 산란종계가 암컷과 수컷 모두 백색 산란종계 에 비하여 무거웠으나, 반복간에 변이가 워낙 커서 유의성은 검출되지 않았다. 성성숙일령은 갈색계통과 백색계통이 각각 147.8일과 140.5일로 갈색계통이 7일정도 늦었다(P<0.05). 산란율은 23-66주에서 갈색과 백색계통이 각각 75.0% 및 81.4%로 백색계통이 약 6% 높았다(P<0.05). 39주령에 갈색란과 백색란의 난질 성적을 비교해보면 Haugh Unit, 난형계수, 난황색, 난중에 있어서는 유의한 차이가 검출되지 않았다. 그러나 난각두께는 갈색 산란계통의 계란이 더 두꺼웠고, 난각강도도 유의하게 강한 것으로 나타났다. A preliminary experiment was conducted to produce fowl-typhoid resistant egg type breeds, using three brown egg layer breeders (ISA, Hyline, and Lohman) and two white egg layer breeders (ISA and Lohman). Various economic parameters were measured from day-old to mature stages using parent stocks of each breed. No significant difference in viabilities of mature hens from 34 to 66 wk of ages was found between brown(93.3%) and white(93.5%) egg layer breeders (P>0.05). Also, there was no difference in viabilities of mature cockerels. Although not significant the mature body weights of brown egg layer breeders tended to be heavier than those of the white egg layer breeders both in hens and cockerels. No difference in feed intakes of mature brown and white hens were detected. Ages of sexual maturity of white and brown egg layer hens were 147.7 and 140.5 d, respectively (P<0.05). Egg production of white egg layer hens during 23-66 weeks age was significantly higher than their counterpart (81.4% vs. 75.0%). Comparisons of Haugh Unit, egg shape index, yolk color, and egg weight between brown and white eggs were not significantly different, however, the brown eggshells were thicker and stronger than those of white eggs (P<0.05).

저질에 따른 바지락(Ruditapes philippinarum)의 염분내성

한경호,오성현,장선익,이우범,이원교 國立 麗水大學校 環境問題硏究所 2000 環境硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

Salinity tolerance of the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum in Gang-jin Bay on the from May to June was investigated in two different types of sedimentary composition. In the experimental groups of sandy-mud, the survival and infiltration rate were good at 20~40ppt, but all the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum died at more than 50ppt and less than 10ppt before the experiment finish. In the experimental groups of muddy, the survival and infiltration rate were the best at 25~35ppt and then 20ppt, 40ppt. All the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum died at more than 45ppt and less than 15ppt. The survival rate in the experimental groups of sandy-mud was higher than muddy ones, and the infiltration rate was the highest at 20~35ppt in the both of two experimental groups. In the sand-mud, the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum infiltrated half of their shells but in the muddy, they infiltrated more then half of their shells.

한국인에서 검출된 불규칙항체

조한익,차영주,안우성,송운홍 大韓血液學會 1984 大韓血液學會誌 Vol.19 No.1

Glutamate가 일측 흑질체 파괴 백서의 회전운동에 미치는 영향

한명일,정영철,은홍배,황익근,정상근 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.5

본 연구는 glutamate( , 과 M)가 일측 흑질체를 파괴한 백서에서 apomorphine으로 유도되는 회전운동에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 6-OHDA으로 우측 흑질체를 파괴한후 apomcrphine(0.1mg/kg)을 피하로 주사하면 병소반 대측으로 회전운동이 유발된다(641.7±163.9/hr). Glutamate는 apomorphine으로 유도되는 회전운동을 유의하게 감소시켰다. 그러나 이 glutamate의 감소효과는 GABA 길항제인 bicuculine에 의해 길항 그리고/ 또는 역전되었다. 이상의 실험결과에서 glutamate는 apomorphine으로 유도되는 회전운동을 감소시키고, 그 작용은 glutamate( ∼ M)가 선조체와 흑질체의 GABA 농도를 증가시킴으로써 나타났을 가능성을 시사한다. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of various concentrations of glutamate( , and M) on the circling movement induced by apomorphine in the unilateral substantia nigra-lesioned rats. Subcutaneous apomorphine(0.1mg/kg) elicited contralateral circling movement(641.7±163.9/hr). Glutamate( - M) significantly reduced the numbers of apomorphine-induced circling movement. This reducing effect of glutamate was antagonized and/or reversed by M GABA antagonist bicuculine. These results suggest that glutamate reduces circling movement induced by apomorphine and this reducing effect of glutamate may be mediated by increased GABA concentration in striatum and substantia nigra.

전압원 인버터에 의한 송전선로의 직렬보상 특성해석

신익상,한병문,한경희 명지대학교 대학원 1997 대학원논문집 Vol.1 No.-

This paper describes interaction analysis between the series STATCON and the power transmission system. The series STATCON, which consists of a multi-pulse voltage source inverter, coupling transformers, and control circuit, can compensate the line reactance in capacitive or inductive mode by proper manipulation of inverter firing angle. The series compensation of the line reactance in capacitive mode offers the increase of active-power transmission capability through the line. This effect was verified through EMTP simulations for a typical one-machine infinite-bus transmission system. And it was also verified by experimental works with a scaled hardware model.

Immunobead를 이용한 새로운 Antiglobulin Test (AGT) 방법

조한익,김상인 대한임상병리학회 1987 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.7 No.2