Efficacy of Long-Term Tenofovir-Based Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Previous Nucleos(t)ide Analogues Treatment Experience

( Na Eun Lee ),( Hong Seon Son ),( Sung Hoon Choi ),( Chang Hun Lee ),( Seung Young Seo ),( Seong Hun Kim ),( Sang Wook Kim ),( Seung Ok Lee ),( Soo Teik Lee ),( Dae Ghon Kim ),( In Hee Kim ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is considered as the preferred treatment option for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with treatment failure or resistance to prior nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) treatment. We investigated the efficacy of long-term TDF-based therapy in CHB patients with previous NAs-experience. Methods: This study included total 251 patients who had previous history of NAs therapy and were treated with TDF mono (n=173) or TDF combined with other NA (n=78) from August 2012 to March 2017. Virologic response (VR) was defined as undetectable serum HBV DNA by PCR (<20 IU/mL). Results: Mean age of patients was 49.3 years, median duration of TDF therapy was 27.2 months, 75.7% were HBeAg-positive, and median HBV DNA was 3.7 log10IU/mL. The cumulative rates of VR were 188/244 (77.0%), 180/211 (85.3%), and 146/161 (90.7%) at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that body mass index (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61-0.95, p=0.0189) and duration of TDF therapy (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.18, p=0.0221) was significantly associated with VR. TDF monotherapy, HBeAg-positivity, platelet count, serum albumin was associated with VR in the univariate analysis, but not significant in the multivariate analysis. In relation to renal safety, patients showed renal impairment (7, 3.0%), mild hypophosphatemia (15, 7.2%), severe hypophosphatemia (1, 0.4%). Conclusions: Long-term TDF-based therapy demonstrated highly effective in viral suppression and relatively favorable renal safety in CHB patients with previous NA-experience. The body mass index and duration of TDF therapy was independent factors associated with VR.

Comparison of Virologic Response and Renal Safety of Long-Term Antiviral Therapy with Tenofovir and Entecavir in Naive Patient with Chronic Hepatitis B

( Hong Seon Son ),( Sung Hoon Choi ),( Na Eun Lee ),( Chang Hun Lee ),( Seung Young Seo ),( Seong Hun Kim ),( Sang Wook Kim ),( Seung Ok Lee ),( Soo Teik Lee ),( Dae Ghon Kim ),( In Hee Kim ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Tenofovir (TDF) entecavir (ETV) are considered as the preferred treatment options for treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. We compared the virologic response and renal safety of long-term TDF versus ETV therapy in naïve CHB patients. Methods: This retrospective study included total 432 patients who were treated with TDF (n=205) or ETV (n=227) from August 2012 to March 2017. Virologic response (VR) was defined as undetectable serum HBV DNA by PCR (<20 IU/mL). Results: Mean age of patients, sex, baseline serum levels of AST, ALT, creatinine, and HBV DNA were not significantly different between TDF and ETV groups. The cumulative rates of VR between TDF and ETV groups were 71.6% vs. 61.8% (p=0.477), 88.1% vs. 79.6% (p=0.058), and 84.8% vs. 83.7% (p=0.966) at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The cumulative rates of genotypic resistance between TDF and ETV groups were 0% vs. 0%, 0% vs. 1.5% (p=0.404), and 0% vs. 2.2% (p=0.447) at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Incidences of renal impairment and hypophosphatemia during treatment up to 3 years were not significantly different between two groups. Multivariate analysis showed that HBeAg-positivity (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.12-0.58, p=0.0012) and serum HBV DNA at 1 year 2000 IU/mL (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.03-0.25, p<0.0001) were significantly associated with VR. Conclusions: Long-term TDF and ETV treatments appear to have similar virologic response and renal safety in naïve CHB patient. However, long-term ETV therapy might to be associated with genotypic resistance in 2.2% up to 3 years, while none of patients on TDF therapy did.

Integrated genome sizing (IGS) approach for the parallelization of whole genome analysis

Sona, Peter,Hong, Jong Hui,Lee, Sunho,Kim, Byong Joon,Hong, Woon-Young,Jung, Jongcheol,Kim, Han-Na,Kim, Hyung-Lae,Christopher, David,Herviou, Laurent,Im, Young Hwan,Lee, Kwee-Yum,Kim, Tae Soon,Jung, J BioMed Central 2018 BMC bioinformatics Vol.19 No.1

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>The use of whole genome sequence has increased recently with rapid progression of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. However, storing raw sequence reads to perform large-scale genome analysis pose hardware challenges. Despite advancement in genome analytic platforms, efficient approaches remain relevant especially as applied to the human genome. In this study, an Integrated Genome Sizing (IGS) approach is adopted to speed up multiple whole genome analysis in high-performance computing (HPC) environment. The approach splits a genome (GRCh37) into 630 chunks (fragments) wherein multiple chunks can simultaneously be parallelized for sequence analyses across cohorts.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>IGS was integrated on Maha-Fs (HPC) system, to provide the parallelization required to analyze 2504 whole genomes. Using a single reference pilot genome, NA12878, we compared the NGS process time between Maha-Fs (NFS SATA hard disk drive) and SGI-UV300 (solid state drive memory). It was observed that SGI-UV300 was faster, having 32.5 mins of process time, while that of the Maha-Fs was 55.2 mins.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>The implementation of IGS can leverage the ability of HPC systems to analyze multiple genomes simultaneously. We believe this approach will accelerate research advancement in personalized genomic medicine. Our method is comparable to the fastest methods for sequence alignment.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (10.1186/s12859-018-2499-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>

Nematicidal and egg‐hatching inhibition activities of Kaempferia galanga rhizome‐derived materials and constituents toward root‐knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita)

Tae‐Kyun Hong,Kym‐Na‐Ra Hwang,Jun‐Ran Kim,Young‐Joon Ahn 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10

The toxicity of Kaempferia galanga rhizome materials and constituents against Meloidogyne incognita second‐stage juveniles (J2) and eggs were examined. The active principles of K. galanga rhizome were identified as the phenylpropanoids ethyl (E)‐cinnamate (EC, 1) and ethyl (E)‐p‐methoxycinnamate (EMC, 2) by spectroscopic analysis. Results were compared with those of carbofuran, fosthiazate, and metam‐sodium. In direct‐contact mortality bioassay, EC (LC50, 0.037 mg/ml) was the most toxic constituent, followed by EMC (0.041 mg/ml). EC was more effective than carbofuran (LC50, 0.092 mg/ml) but less active than fosthiazate (0.002 mg/ml). EC, egg hatch was inhibited 100, 93, and 87% at 125, 62.5, and 31.25 μg/ml, respectively. EMC caused 100, 81, and 75% inhibition of egg hatch at 125, 62.5, and 31.25 μg/ml, respectively. The inhibition of two phenylpropanoids were similar or more inhibition to that of either carbofuran or metam‐sodium but was lower than that of fosthiazate. In contact + fumigant mortality bioassay, EC and EMC treatments resulted in 86 and c 73% mortality at 0.5 and 0.125 mg/g soil, respectively. The lethality of these phenylpropanoids was almost similar to that of either carbofuran or metam‐sodium but was lower than that of fosthiazate. In vapor‐phase mortality bioassay, EC and EMC were more effective in closed container than open containers, indicating that the mode of delivery of these compounds was, in part, a result of vapor action. K. galanga rhizome‐derived materials, merit further study as potential nematicides and hatching inhibitors for the control of M. incognita populations.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

연령증가에 따른 혈압요소들의 좌심실비대 및 관동맥질환과의 관련성

박재석,박창규,박미영,박재형,김용현,나진오,신성희,서순용,홍순준,박성미,임홍의,김응주,서홍석,오동주,노영무 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

배추 생육 중 토양 수용성 양이온의 경시적 변화 모니터링

김용국(Yong gook Kim),Khok Pros,김경영(Kyoung young Kim),조현종(Hyun Jong Cho),나홍식(Hong Sik Na),한광현(Gwang Hyun Han) 한국토양비료학회 2021 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.11

토양의 치환성 이온 함량이 아닌 식물체에 직접 흡수되는 수용성 이온들을 모니터링 하는 것이 중요하다. 배추가 생육하면서 토양 중 수용성 양이온들의 함량이 어떻게 변하는지 확인하고, 각 이온의 농도에 따라 그에 알맞은 처방이 이루어져야 한다. 토양 시료는 경기도 이천시의 배추 밭에서 정식 이후 16, 35, 48, 70일에 처리구별 각 3반복씩 채취하였다. 처리구는 N 기준 무처리구(Nil), NPK 비료 표준 시비량의 50% 처리구(Con), 100% 처리구(Inf), 그리고 표준 시비량의 50% 처리구에 음폐퇴비가 100%(C100), 200%(C200), 300%(C300) 추가된 처리구가 있다. 채취한 토양은 풍건 후 2 mm 체에 거르고 1:5 비율로 증류수 추출하였으며, Whatman No.2 필터를 사용하여 여과한 후 0.45 μm 실린지 필터로 재 여과하였다. 토양 추출액의 분석은 (주)테크넬 POCT 분석 키트를 사용하였다. 화학비료 처리구의 토양 중 Na의 농도비율은 생육기간 중 꾸준히 증가하는 경향이 있었다. 하지만 K의 농도비율은 시간이 지남에 따라 경시적 감소가 명확하였다. 음폐퇴비 처리구의 경우 토양 중 Na의 농도비율은 생육기간 중 증가하는 경향이었으며, 특히 퇴비 처리수준에 비례하여 높아졌다. Mg의 농도비율은 모든 처리구에서 비슷한 수준을 유지하였다. 모든 처리구에서 토양 중 K의 농도비율 감소는 Na 농도비율의 증가와 상관관계가 높았다.

하악과두에 발생된 연골종

나채영,최갑식,신홍인 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1992 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.9 No.1

저자들은 우측 악관절부의 지속적인 둔통과 불편감을 주소로 경북대학교 병원 치과에 내원한 32세 남자 환자에서 임상·방사선학적 검사와 조직병리학적 검사를 통해 하악과두에 발생된 외연골종으로 진단하고 아래와 같은 사항을 관찰하였다. 1. 임상적으로 우측 관절부에 둔통을 동반한 종창과 개구제한 및 관절잡음이 있었다. 2. 방사선학적으로 악관절 측방 단층 X선사진상에서 우측 하악과두의 피질골상에 반월형의 침습과 경화가 나타났고, 전산화 단층 X선사진상에서는 경계가 분명한 연조직괴가 관찰되었다. 3. 조직병리학적으로 불규칙하게 증식된 연골세포들은 특기할 형태적 변화없이 초자양 연골기질내에 군집되었으며 골화양상없이 국소적인 석회화가 관찰되었다. The chondroma, a benign tumor made up of mature hyaline cartilage, is uncommon in the bones of the maxilla and mandible. The authors report a case of periosteal chondroma arising on the right mandibular condyle neck in 32-year-old male with review of literature. The clinical, radiographic, and microscopic findings were as follows: 1. The patient complained of continuous dull pain and swelling on the right mandibular condyle area for 3 years. 2. Radiographically, semilunar-shaped erosion with marginal sclerosis was evident on the cortical bone of right mandibular condyle. The computed tomograph also revealed well-defined soft tissue mass at the same area. 3. Microscopically, this lesion was composed of mature lobules of hyaline cartilage. The proliferated small chondrocytes arranged into clusters without atypia revealed focal calcification.

거동 불편 노인에 대한 기능성 의복 연구(2) : 서울, 경인 지역 노인 전문 요양 시설을 중심으로

홍나영,지윤영 복식문화학회 2000 服飾文化硏究 Vol.8 No.6

The purpose of the study was to provide the actual data for designing adaptive dresses for the disabled elderly. In order to get the data, we had 3 parts of the procedure as follows; 1. The survey of 205 nursing-care providers who take care of the disabled elderly in 1999. 2. Measuring 10 measurements of 80 disabled men and women each, 160 samples. 3. On the basis of data above, developing the adaptive dresses and doing the wearing-tests of those. The results are as follows; 1.The most popular style far the disabled elderly in nursing facilities was non-collar pajama's. Specially, pajama style was needed for the disabled elderly being sick in bed, one-piece style was required for the disabled eldery with dementia. And the most desirable fabric suction was a physiological comfortability. The most proper price required was about 20,000 won. 2.As Korean apparel industry use K.S. sizing system, we decided to use the same measurement to categorize the samples, bust and height. And according to the frequency in the size chart, we suggested the production size for the disabled eldery men and women. 3.After developing these adaptive dresses, the results of wearing-tests showed two kinds of problems. One was that of the sleeve length; Actually, for the disabled elderly, the longer than the production size is the better for them. The other problem was revealed from subsidiay materials, fasteners.

韓 ·中 服飾의 比較硏究 Ⅱ : 佩玉을 中心으로 Centering around Paeok(Girdle Pendants of Jade)

洪那英 新羅大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.30 No.-

This study is about the origin and changes of Paeok which had been worn in both Korea and China. Jade had been considered as the embodiment of excellent quilities and instilling virtue into the heart of its owner. Therefore, Paeok was the one way wearing on jade, emperors, royal families, a high court officials had to put on their ceremonial uniforms in ancient China. Styles of Paeok, which began since Chou(周), had been changed in each age, but Paeok was used until Ming(明). Paeok was supposed to be introduced into Korea during Koryo dynasty(高麗), King's ceremonial robes were accompanied with Paeok during Yi dynasty(朝鮮) like Koryo whenever Chinese emperors sent robes to the Korean Kings. Officials also wore Paeok. Not only was jade different in kind, but also the colors of textile for jade differed according to status. There were several combinations in making Paeok. Though there existed a number of references, but most of constituted real styles of Paeok were constituted quite different from the descriptions in references. Jades for Paeok constisted of Heng(珩), Ku(거), Yu(瑀), Huang(璜), Ch'ung ya(衝牙). Heng must be placed on top of Paeok, while Ch'ung ya at the bottom. The rest came to the middle part. Beads were used to connect each component of Pueok. The pieces of jade sounded when a wearer walked. People thought that trinkling symbolized the oriental five notes of gammut. Trinkling, evil and depraved thoughts not entering his mind, reminded a wearer of his behavior to be prudent.