정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

배달 미니 게임 개발:"최고의 웨이터를 꿈꾸며"

김정훈,정한교,김영옥,김중곤,박정윤,윤진성,김경식 호서대학교 반도체제조장비국산화연구센터 2001 반도체장비학술심포지움 Vol.2001 No.-

본 미니 게임은 웨이터라는 직업을 모티브로 하여서 남녀노소 누구나 재미를 느낌과 동시에 기억력 향상시켜 주는 게임제작이라는 목적아래 제작되었다.본 논문에서는 이 게임의 제작과정을 기술하고자 한다.이 게임은 제3회 AGC(한국 아마추어 게임제작 공모전)에서 우수 작으로 선정되었다.

급성전골수성백혈병에서 백혈구성분채집술에 이은 치명적인 뇌출혈 2예

오윤정,박소윤,김윤정,한동석,김현수,최진혁,남동기,임호영,김효철,주희재 아주대학교 의과학연구소 1998 아주의학 Vol.3 No.1

The aim of this study is to report 2 cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia who died from intracranial hemorrhage following leukapheresis and to provide proper preventive measures against hemorrhage following leukapheresis. From 1994 to 1997, a total of twenty-six patients with leukemia underwent leukapheresis to control hyperleukocytosis at Ajou University Hospital. Two patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia received all-trans retinoic acid but developed drug-induced hyperleukocytosis. Shortly after leukapheresis, they died from intracranial hemorrhage. The risk factors for fatal hemorrhage are thought to be coexisting disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC), thrombocytopenia aggravated by leukapheresis, exacerbated coagulopathy related to mechanical trauma through leukapheresis and the excess use of citrate during leukapheresis. To reduce the risk of the bleeding associated with leukapheresis, it is necessary to replace platelet sufficiently before and after leukapheresis and to give calcium to correct coagulopathy induced by excess citrate which is used as anticoagulant as well as the correction of disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Insulin resistance mediates high-fat diet-induced pulmonary fibrosis and airway hyperresponsiveness through the TGF-β1 pathway

Park, Yoon Hee,Oh, Eun Yi,Han, Heejae,Yang, Misuk,Park, Hye Jung,Park, Kyung Hee,Lee, Jae-Hyun,Park, Jung-Won Nature Publishing Group UK 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.5

<▼1><P>Prior studies have reported the presence of lung fibrosis and enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in mice with high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity. This study evaluated the role of TGF-β1 in HFD-induced AHR and lung fibrosis in a murine model. We generated HFD-induced obesity mice and performed glucose and insulin tolerance tests. HFD mice with or without ovalbumin sensitization and challenge were also treated with an anti-TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody. AHR to methacholine, inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and histological features were evaluated. Insulin was intranasally administered to normal diet (ND) mice, and in vitro insulin stimulation of BEAS-2b cells was performed. HFD-induced obesity mice had increased insulin resistance, enhanced AHR, peribronchial and perivascular fibrosis, and increased numbers of macrophages in the BALF. However, they did not have meaningful eosinophilic or neutrophilic inflammation in the lungs compared with ND mice. The HFD enhanced TGF-β1 expression in the bronchial epithelium, but we found no differences in the expression of interleukin (IL)−4 or IL-5 in lung homogenates. Administration of the anti-TGF-β1 antibody attenuated HFD-induced AHR and lung fibrosis. It also attenuated goblet cell hyperplasia, but did not affect the AHR and inflammatory cell infiltration induced by OVA challenge. The intranasal administration of insulin enhanced TGF-β1 expression in the bronchial epithelium and lung fibrosis. Stimulating BEAS-2b cells with insulin also increased TGF-β1 production by 24 h. We concluded that HFD-induced obesity-associated insulin resistance enhances TGF-β1 expression in the bronchial epithelium, which may play an important role in the development of lung fibrosis and AHR in obesity.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Obesity: A trigger for asthma onset</B></P><P>Insulin resistance may be an important causative factor underlying the increased risk of asthma and other respiratory issues in obese individuals. Obesity doubles the likelihood of developing asthma, with symptoms that are more difficult to control than in non-obese patients. The connection between these conditions is poorly understood, but researchers led by Jung-Won Park, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, have identified a potential mechanism. They demonstrated that a signaling molecule called TGF-β1 contributes to airway sensitivity and tissue scarring in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Subsequent experiments showed that treatment with insulin also gives rise to increased TGF-β1 production in the mouse lung. Since insulin resistance is a common feature of obesity, resulting in abnormally high levels of circulating insulin, this could also account for the increased risk of respiratory problems.</P></▼2>

액상소결법에 의한 SiC 세라믹스의 파괴인성 평가

윤한기,정헌채,김부안 동의대학교 산업기술개발연구소 2005 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.19 No.-

Monolithic Liquid Phase Sintered SiC (LPS-SiC) was fabricated by hot pressing method under 20 MPa using sintering additives at different temperature such as 1760 ℃, 1780 ℃, 1800 ℃ and 1820 ℃. The starting powder was high purity 13-SiC nano-powder with an average particle size of 30 nm. Compositionsof sintering additives were Al_(2)O_(3) Y_(2)O_(3) = 60.7 and 1.5 (wt%). Monolithic LPS-SiC was evaluated in terms of sintering density, hardness and fracture toughness through indentation fracture method by the Vickers hardness tester. Sintered density, hardness and fracture toughness of fabricated LPS-SiC increased with increasing the sintering temperature. It is higher value than that of fabricated SiC by the chemical vapor deposition method.

전해환원수 음용이 마우스의 혈액과 장기조직에 미치는 영향

정한석,김동희,윤양숙,등영건,장병수,이규재 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2008 Applied microscopy Vol.38 No.4

본 연구는 전해환원수 음용에 대한 안전성을 조사하기 위하여 실험동물을 이용하여 사망률 확인, 체중 비교, 혈액의 생화학적 변화, 염증, 면역세포의 비교, 내부 장기의 형태적 변화, 장기의 무게 변화 및 조직학적 검사를 통하여 전해환원수가 생체에 미치는 영향을 확인한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 전해환원수를 급이한 실험군에서 사망, 행동 및 외형 이상 유무 관찰 결과 아무런 증상이 나타나지 않았으며, 체중은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 실험군에서 혈액의 생화학적요소인 K^(+), Cl^(-),Ca^(2+), GPT, GOT, CRE 및 ALP에서는 유의한 수준의 변화가 관찰되지 않았으나 Na^(+)와 BUN에서는 실험군이 대조군에 비해 더 감소되었다. 혈액 내 면역세포를 비교한 결과 호염기구, 호산성구 및 단핵구 등은 큰 차이가 없으며, 실험군에서 호중구는 감소하였고, 림프구는 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 위, 소장, 심장 및 간을 조직학적으로 관찰한 결과 모든 장기에서 병리적 이상 소견은 관찰되지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구를 통하여 전해환원수는 생체에서 큰 문제를 유발시키지 않는 안전한 물임을 알 수 있었고 국내에서 전해환원수에 대한 연구가 거의 없는 실정이기 때문에 전해환원수의 안전성을 입증하기 위한 기초자료 마련 및 제공에 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of electrolyzed reduced water (ERW) on blood components and electrolytes, as well as elected tissues on mice. The mice were supplied either tap water (control group) and ERW (experimental group) for two months. There were no significant different between two groups anatomically and physiologically. In the blood electrolyte study, the experimental group had less Na and BUN compared to the control group. In the blood component study, the experimental group had less neutrophiles and the control group had more lymphocytes. In histological study, no tissue changes were noticed in various organs, including the stomach, small intestine, heart, and liver tissues. In conclusion, ERW has no noticable side affects on blood and organ tissues, and might be safe to a living body.

Wechsler 記憶檢査(改訂版)의 妥當度 硏究

韓五洙,柳希姃,金晟倫,金昌潤,李楨敎,李哲,朴仁鎬 서울醫大 1997 精神醫學 Vol.22 No.1

젖소 말초혈액 림프구로부터 소백혈병 바이러스 배양 및 전자현미경적 관찰

윤순식,박중원,변재원,강문일,유한상,한홍율 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2005 Applied microscopy Vol.35 No.1

국내 젖소의 54.2%가 BLV에 감염되어 있지만 현재까지 국내에서는 소백혈병 바이러스 (BLV) 입자를 확인한 연구 보고가 없기 때문에 BLV 항체 양성 소의 말초혈액림프구를 배양, BLV를 발현시켜 전자현미경으로 바이러스 입자를 검출하였고 배양조건에 따른 바이러스 발현율 및 발현 시간을 비교하였다. 검사 결과 전형적인 C-형 바이러스를 확인할 수 있었으며 BLV 단크론 항체를 이용한 면역염색결과 BLV 항원 양성으로 확인되었다. BLV 는 대부분 세포 외부에 분포하고 있었으며 세포질 막에서 생성, 발아되어 나오는 것도 관찰되었다. 전체 바이러스의 크기는 90~100 nm였으며 nucleocapsid는 40~60nm였다. 소태아혈청 (FBS)과 T- 및 B-림프구 분열촉진물질(mitogen)을 각각 첨가하여 배양한 결과 두 군 모두에서 BLV 발현이 확인되었다. Lipopolysaccharide 첨가군은 배양 12시간, Conconavalin A 첨가군은 배양 24시간에 각각 림프구의 10%에서 바이러스가 관찰되었다. 또한 FBS만 첨가한 군과 FBS와 mitogen을 모두 첨가하지 않은 군에서도 관찰되었으나 바이러스의 수는 적었다. 본 연구에서 확립된 BLV 배양 기법을 활용하면 BLV에 감염된 소 중 바이러스를 발현하는 소, 즉 전파능이 있는 개체를 찾아내어 우선적으로 도태할 수 있기 때문에 BLV 감염으로 인한 피해를 막는데 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Many studies have been performed on the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) since bovine leukosis had been reported in 1968 in Korea. However, there was no report on the ultrastructural examination of BLV. An attempt to detect C-type viral particles in the cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes of Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle, was made to determine whether in vitro viral expression might be used as a reliable method to identify the cow which is likely to transmit BLV. In transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination, the virus particles were found predominantly outside of the lymphocytes even though a few particles were also observed within the membrane bound cytoplasmic vacuoles. All of them were C-type particles consisting of a central, electron-dense core separated by a clear area from a limiting envelope with a unit membrane structure. Virus particles were easily detected in the lymphocyte which was cultured with medium supplemented with either T-lymphocyte mitogen (conconavalin A) or B-lymphocyte mitogen (lipopolysaccharide). Identical viral particles, although fewer, were also consistently present in the lymphocytes cultured with medium which was containing foetal bovine serum (FBS) only and which was containing neither FBS or mitogen. By contrast, no virus particle was detected in extensive examination of lymphocytes before culture. In conclusion, the BLV cultivation and detection methods established in this study could be used as a tool to identify and eliminate the cattle which can transmit the BLV.

자궁경부 상피종양에서 human papillomavirus 감염과 survivin 발현

윤재호,정동준,이정은,박동명,배동한,선우재근,백무준,김창진 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.1

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been considered a causative agent of uterine cervical carcinoma. HPV is a DNA oncogenic virus, which is well known as a causative virus in uterine cervical carcinoma. The virus is classified into two groups genotypically, low risk and high risk, according to the carcinogenic potentiality, and the determination of the viral genotype is important in clinical practice. Recently, numerous genotypes can be determined by high throughput method using DNA chip. Survivin is a recently characterized inhibitor of anti-apoptosis (IAP) protein, which is abundantly expressed in most solid and hematological malignancies, but undetectable in normal adult tissues. In this study, HPV genotypes are determined by DNA chip and the expression of survivin was examined by immunohistochemistry in 80 cases of uterine cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive carcinoma to see the roles of HPV and survivin in the carciogenesis of uterine cervical epithelial neoplasia. The results were as follows: 1. HPV positive rate was 72.5%, while negative rate was 27.5% in 80 cases of CIN and invasive carcinoma. The CIN and invasive carcinoma showed higher HPV positive rate (p <0.05). 2. HPV positive rate according to the histologic grade were 60%, 65%, 77% and 90% in CINI, CINII, CINII and invasive carcinoma, respectively. HPV positive rate showed increasing tendency according to the histologic grade, though there was no statistical significance. 3. The most frequent genotype was type 16 and the next were 58, 52, 18 and 33 in order of frequency. 4. Survivin was expressed in 96.3% of CIN and invasive carcinoma. The expression rate of survivin showed no significant difference between the histologic grade of CIN and invasive carcinoma, but showed tendency of increased expression rate in invasive carcinoma. 5. Survivin was expressed in HPV positive and in HPV negative each as in 95.5% and 96.6% respectively. There was no significant difference of survivin expression between HPV positive and negative cases. The above results suggest that HPV has no effect on the regulation of survivin expresson level in the uterine cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinomas.

Carbofuran이 흰쥐의 간조직과 Cytochrome P-450효소계에 미치는 영향과 Phenobarbital-Sodium의 보상효과에 관한 연구

정윤상,한두석 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 1998 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.7 No.1

In order to investigate the toxicity of carbofuran and compensatory effects of phenobarbital sodium(PB) against carbofuran toxicity on hepatic tissues and cytochrome P-450 enzyme system of the rat. Sprague-Dawley male rats were administered carbofuran only, PB only or combination of carbofuran and PB. Carbofuran was severely damaged in hepatic tissues by dose-or time-dependent manner and increased the level of cytochrome P-450 enzyme system at 6hrs or 12hrs after administration. PB were not damaged in hepatic tissues, but the level of cytochrome P-450 enzyme system was increased the same as that of carbofuran. Histopathlogical changes were observed on hepatic tissues at 12hrs after carbofuran and PB combination f treatment, but were already recovered at 48hrs. PAS-positive cells were increased at 12hrs after carbofuran only administration and most hepatic cells of carbofuran and PB combination treated group showed PAS-positive reaction, but hepatic cells were normally recoverd. Also, glycogen granule were increased at 12hrs after carbofuran only administration, but glycogen granules were decreased at 12hrs. After carbofuran and PB combination treatment in best camine stain. The level of cytochrome P-450 enzyme system after carbofuran and PB combination treatment were more increased than that of carbofuran only or PB only treatment. The results indicate that PB decreased carbofuran toxicity by the elevation in the level of cytochrome P-450 enzyme system.