담배팽화율에 대한 잎담배의 이화학적 특성과 공정조건의 역할

김기환,한정성,김병구 충북대학교 엽연초연구소 1988 煙草硏究 Vol.13 No.-

The purpose of this research was to examine the factors, that is, chemical constituents, casing blending ratio, determination methods of filling value, grade, moisture, expansion time and tobacco variety, influencing the expansion rate of shredded tobacco. The important results obtained were as follows ; 1.Multiple regression formula about the relation of the chemical constituents to the expansion rate of shredded tobacco was statistically calculated with many experimental data attained on typical varieties. The preliminary relationship for estimating expansion rate(ER) was as follows : ER=94.2827-3.3572 (% sug) + 10.0940(% fib)-1.4316(% ash) - 1.4316(% ash)-17.2319 (fineness index) The relationship accounted for estimating approximately 95% of the observed variance of expansion rate. 2.The influence of casing blend ratio and determination methods of filling value upon expansion rate did not appear to be significant contributors in the evaluation. 3.ER was decreased toward the center position in a stalk. 4.The condition of the highest ER was 14-15% moisture contents of shred del tobacco and 90 minute of expansion time. 5.The influence of two varieties of NC82 and BY-4 on ER did not appear to be significant contributors in the evaluations.

장기간 수지침 및 뜸요법 처치후 혈중 지질 농도 변화

김효재,정한영,조기정 한국학교체육학회 2001 한국학교 체육학회지 Vol.11 No.2

이 연구는 수지요법이 건강관련 요인에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 서울시에 거주하는 40세에서 45세 사이의 어떠한 질병치료도 받고 있지 않는 건강한 성인중 뜸요법집단 (N=5명), 뜸과 수지침 자극집단 (N=5명)으로 총 10명을 연구의 대상으로 선정하였다. 실험은 3개월간 걸쳐서 매주 3회씩 실시하였으며 채혈은 전완정맥에서 실시하였으며, 채혈시기는 실험전, 실험 1개월, 3개월 후에 채혈하여 분석하였다. 이 연구의 주요 결과는 뜸요법집단과 뜸, 침자극 집단간의 ALT농도는 유의한 차가 없는 것으로 나타났지만 기술통계 측면에서 살펴볼 때 두 집단간의 자극전, 후의 ALT농도는 group I은 12.08 ± 3.39U/ I에서 15.80 ± 4.92U/ I로 증가의 경향을 보인 반면, group Ⅱ는 뜸침자극 전 (24.20 ± 9.99U/ I)에 비해, 처치 후 (20.4 ± 8.91U/ I)로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고, 3개월간의 자극처치 후 AST, HDL, LDL, TC, Total Cholesterol의 농도에서는 감소하는 경향으로 나타났다. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the realationship of palm acupuncture and heating stress on blood lipid profiles in healthy mid-aged adults. Ten subjects were participated in the study, and compared two regimens of palm heating stress group (N=5) and concurrent trial of palm acupuncture and heating stress group (N=5). The trials were lasted for three months and drown blood before and after one and three months. The majoring finding was that no difference in ALT was found between the groups, but the trendly of increased in both groups after three month application of palm acupuncture and heating stress. The trend of decrease in AST, HDL, LDL, TC, TC after three months application of palm acupuncture and heating stress.

Test strip과 Chlorophyll meter를 이용한 토마토의 신속한 영양진단

김권래,정한울,김계훈 한국농화학회 2003 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.46 No.2

본 연구는 지금까지 제시된 여러 가지 간이 식물영양 진단 방법들 중 test strip과 chlorophyll meter의 이용가능성을 검토하고 실제 이용 방안을 모색하고자 수행되었다. 본 실험에서는 양액의 N, P, K 수준을 달리하여 토마토를 재배하면서 생육시기별로 specific color difference sensor value(SCDSV), 엽병 즙액 중 NO_3, PO_4, K의 함량을 측정하였다. 실험 결과 N, P, K 함량의 변화보다 더 민감하였다. Test strip을 이용하여 측정한 토마토 엽병 즙액 중 NO_3, PO_4, K함량 변화가엽 중 total-N, P, K의 농도와 고도의 일차상관관계를 나타내었다. 지금까지 여러 연구를 통해 확립된 토마토의 엽 중 total-N, P, K의 적정 함량을 희귀식에 대입하여 구한 즙액의 적정 NO_3, PO_4, K의 함량은 각각 3.4~5.9, 0.3~0.5, 3.6~6.5 g/l였다. Chlorophyll meter를 이용하여 측정한 SCDSV는 엽 중 total-N 함량을 희귀식에 대입하여 계산한 결과 적정 SCDSV는 36.0~40.0이었다. 본 연구 결과 test strip과 chlorophyll meter는 토마토의 신속한 영양 진단에 이용 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This study was performed to develop a more rapid and simple nutrient diagnosis method of plants than the conventional leaf analysis method. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. super momotaro) was planted in the mixed media produced by nidxing perlite and rock wool at I : I (v/v) ratio. The Yamazakki nutrient solutions for cucumber and tomato were supplied to the media using the rnicro-drip irrigation system. Experimental plots produced consisted of no fertilization, deficient fertilization, adequate fertilization and surplus fertilization for N, P and K, respectively. Each experimental plot was replicated four times. Specific color different sensor values (SCDSV) measured by the chlorophyll meter were closely related to total-N concentrations in the leaves measured by the conventional method. Nitrate, PO, and K concentrations in petiole sap measured by test strips (Reflectoquant, Merck, Germany) showed a significant relationship with total-N, P and K concentrations in leaves. The linear regression equations between NO,, PO, and K concentrations in petiole sap and total-N, P and K concentrations in the leaves were prepared. The optimum levels of NO,, PO, and K in petiole sap were obtained by plugging the optimum concentrations of total-N, P and K in the leaves by other researchers into the equations. In conclusion, the SCDSV by the chlorophyll meter and concentrations of NO,, P and K in petiole sap measured by the test strips would be suitable for rapid estimation of plant nutrient status.

Myelodysplastic Syndrome의 혈액학적 소견

박찬정,조한익,김상인,이재훈,김병국,김노경 大韓血液學會 1984 大韓血液學會誌 Vol.19 No.2

프레탈^(R)정(실로스타졸 50mg)에 대한 실로졸^(R)정의 생물학적 동등성

최한곤,권기철,이승호,김학미,박병주,유봉규,이종달,이경희,하정희,우종수,박인숙,최진석,용철순 한국병원약사회 2003 병원약사회지 Vol.20 No.1

Bioequivalence of two cilostazol tablets, the Pletaal^(R)(Korea Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and the Cilozol^(R)(Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), was evaluated according to the guideline of KFDA, Sixteen normal male volunteers(age 20~29 years old) were divided into two groups and a randomized 22 cross-over study was employed. After two tablets containing 50㎎ of cilostazol were orally administered. blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentration of cilostazol in plasma was determined with an HPLC method using UV detector. The pharmacokinetic parameters(C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t)) were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of parameters. The results showed that the differences in C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t) between two tablets were 4.99%, 1.74% and 7.68%, respectively. The powers(1-β) for C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t) were83.92%, 80.12% and 85.03%, respectively. Detectable differences(Δ) and confidence intervals were all less than 20%, and confidence interval of all the parameters were also less than 20% at the significance level(α) of 0.05. All of these parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Cilozol^(R) tablet is bioequivalent to Pletaal^(R) tablet.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Effects of Vertical Alignment of Liquid Crystals on Rubbed Polymer Surfaces Using Transparent Electrodes

Kim, Sang-Hoon,Hwang, Jeoung-Yeon,Kim, Jong-Hwan,Kim, Young-Hwan,Han, Jin-Woo,Kang, Dong-Hun,Oh, Byeong-Yun,Myoung, Jae-Min,Seo, Dae-Shik Institute of Pure and Applied Physics 2007 Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Vol.46 No.1

Low-Voltage Driving of Liquid Crystals Vertically Aligned by Ion-Beam Bombardment on High-kHfO2Surface

Kim, Lee-Gon,Lee, Won-Kyu,Oh, Byeong-Yun,Lim, Ji-Hun,Na, Hyun-Jae,Park, Hong-Gyu,Kim, Young-Hwan,Kim, Byoung-Yong,Kang, Young-Ku,Ok, Chul-Ho,Hwang, Jeoung-Yeon,Han, Jeong-Min,Seo, Dae-Shik Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2010 Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Vol.529 No.1

Effect of calcium content on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of wrought Mg–3Al–1Zn alloy

Kim, Jeoung Han,Kang, Na Eun,Yim, Chang Dong,Kim, Byoung Kee Elsevier 2009 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.525 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The effect of Ca element on the hot workability and microstructure evolution of AZ31 magnesium alloy was investigated. Conventional AZ31, AZ31+0.7wt.%Ca, and AZ31+2.0wt.%Ca alloys were tested. Electron back scattered diffraction microscopy revealed that the alloys containing Ca exhibited much finer and more homogeneous microstructure than the conventional AZ31 alloy. Hot compression and tensile tests showed that the Ca element generally increased flow strength and decreased ductility at low temperature. High temperature elongation was considerably improved by the operation of the thermally activated process. TEM work suggested that the large volume fraction of fine (Mg, Al)<SUB>2</SUB>Ca particles played an important role in preventing significant grain growth of the AZ31+2.0Ca alloy.</P>

Liquid Crystal Alignment Effects on Nitrogen-doped Diamond like Carbon Layer by Ion Beam Alignment Method

Han, Jeong-Min,Choi, Sung-Ho,Kim, Byoung-Yong,Han, Jin-Woo,Kim, Jong-Hwan,Kim, Young-Hwan,Hwang, Jeoung-Yeon,Lee, Sang-Keuk,Ok, Chul-Ho,Seo, Dae-Shik The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2007 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.8 No.1

We have studied the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) alignment effects on a nitrogen-doped diamond-like carbon (NDLC) thin film layer with ion beam irradiation. The pretilt angle for NLC on the NDLC surface with ion beam exposure was observed below 1 degree. Also, we had the good LC alignment characteristics on the NDLC thin films with ion beam exposure of 1800 eV. In thermal stability experiments, the alignment defect of the NLC on the NDLC surface with ion beam irradiation above annealing temperature of $250^{\circ}C$ can be observed. Therefore, the good thermal stability and LC alignment for NLC by ion beam aligned NDLC thin films can be achieved.