한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

관광호텔 회계시스템의 품질요인에 대한 인식차이 연구

양승필,고동훈 제주관광대학 2004 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

The purpose of this study is as follows; First, this study developed the instruments of measurement to measure the quality of HAS(information quality, system quality, and service quality). Second, this study investigated statistically perception differences of the quality by t-test between hotel employees in Jeju and those in Seoul. The hypotheses were developed from reviewing the former literatures and tested empirically. The Questionnaires were collected from 214 middle or higher managers at deluxe hotels located in Seoul and Jeju during February 13 to March 10,2004. This study was conducted using frequency analysis, descriptive analysis, and t-test by statistical packages of SPSS SPSSWIN version 10.0. The results of this study showed that hotel employees in Jeju perceived positively the quality of HAS than those in Seoul.

경량화용 AI/CFRP 사각튜브의 적층각과 두께에 따른 압궤특성

임광희,양인영,이길성,조영재,김성훈 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2004 機械技術硏究 Vol.7 No.2

알루미늄 튜브와 CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) 튜브는 대표적인 경량화 재료이지만, 축 하중을 받을 때 압궤되는 메커니즘이 상이하다. 알루미늄 튜브는 안정적인 소성변형에 의해서 에너지를 흡수하나, CFRP 튜브는 알루미늄 튜브에 비하여 비강도, 비강성은 높으나 불안한 취성파괴에 의해서 에너지를 흡수한다. 본 논문에서는 두 재료의 단 점을 상호 보안하고 장점에 대한 상승효과를 기대하기 위하여, CFRP의 적층각과 두께변화를 주어 알루미늄 사각튜브의 외면을 감싸 적층하여 강화시킨 Al/CFRP 튜브를 가공하여 축 압궤실험을 행하여 압궤거동과 에너지흡수특성을 고찰하였다. 그리고 알루미늄 사각튜브와 CFRP 사각튜브의 압궤실험을 행하여 Al/CFRP 사각튜브와 비교하였다. 고찰결과, Al/CFRP 사각튜브의 압궤는 알루미늄 튜브의 좌굴을 계기로 하여 CFRP 튜브의 불안한 취성파괴의 단점을 보완하여 비교적 안정적인 압궤모드를 보였다. Al/CFRP 사각튜브는 CFRP 적층각과 두께에 의해 4가지 대표적인 압궤모드를 보였으며, 압궤모드는 에너지흡수 특성을 나타내는 중요한 척도가 되었다. 또한, Al/CFRP 사각튜브가 알루미늄 튜브와 CFRP 튜브에 비하여 단위 질량당 흡수에너지가 높아 경량화 효과가 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다. An aluminum or CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) tube is representative light-weight materials but its axial collapse mechamism is different from each other. The aluminum tube absorbs energy by stable plastic deformation. while the CFRP tube absorbs energy by unstable brittle failure with higher specific strength and stiffness than those in the aluminum tube. In an attempt to achieve a synergy effect by combining the two members. aluminum/CFRP square tubes were manufactured. which are composed of aluminum tubes wrapped with CFRP outside aluminum square tubes with different fiber orientation angle and thickness of CFRP. and axial collapse tests were performed for the tubes. The crushing behavior and energy absorption capability of the tubes were analyzed and compared with those of the respective aluminum square tubes and CFRP square tubes. Test results showed that the collapse of the aluminum/CFRP square tube complemented unstable brittle failure of the CFRP square tube due to ductile characteristics of the inner aluminum square tube. The collapse modes were categorized into four modes under the influence of the fiber orientation angle and thickness of CFRP. The absorbed energy per unit mass, which is in the light-weight aspect, was higher in the aluminum/CFRP square tube than that in the aluminum square tube or the CFRP square tube alone.

공명초음파분광법을 이용한 광컨넥터용 결합소자의 비파괴 검사

김성훈,조영재,백경윤,양순호,민한기,양인영 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2004 機械技術硏究 Vol.7 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 비파괴 평가방법인 공명초음파분광법(RUS)을 사용하여 세라믹제 페롤과 볼렌즈의 결함과 형상오차를 평가하는 것이다. RUS시스템은 스펙트럼에너라이저,파워 엠플리파이어,압전진동자센서와 지지프레임으로 구성되어진다. RUS 시스템에 의한 페롤과 볼렌즈의 비파괴평가를 위해 본 연구에서는 각 시험편에 대한 공진주파수를 측정하였으며,측정된 공진 주파수의 비교분석에 의해 결함의 유 · 무를 판별하였다. 그 결과 페롤의 경우,크랙을 갖는 페롤의 공진주파수 대역이 양품페롤의 공진 주파수 대역보다 고주파대역으로 이동함을 알 수 있었으며,볼렌즈의 경우,시험편 질량이 감소함에 따라 공진주파수 대역이 고주파 대역으로 이동함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 볼렌즈의 공진주파수가 측정되는 대역을 예측할 수 있는 파라메타인 β를 설정하여 그 결과를 고찰하였다. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the defect and shape error of a ceramic ferrule and ball lens by Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy(RUS) method. RUS system is consisted of spectrum analyzer, power amplifier, PZT sensor, and support frame. For nondestructive evaluate by using RUS system, first of all, we measured the natural frequency of each specimen, and we decided on the shape and size of flaw by measured natural ferquencies. And then, in the case of ferrule, natural frequency bandwidth of ferrule with crack was higher than acceptable ferrule. As mass of ball lens decreased, natural frequency bandwidth was shifting to high-frequency range. Thus, we discussed on the relationship between β and mass of ball lens, which β is parameter that we can predict measurable natural frequency bandwidth of ball lens.

봉독약침이 류마티스 관절염 환자의 기능회복 및 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

이상훈,이현종,박상민,김수영,박재경,홍승재,양형인,이재동,최도영,김건식,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-

Objective: To evaluate the effects of bee venom acupuncture(BVA) on the rehabilitation and quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients Methods: Patients with RA were treated with the BVA therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender joint counts, swollen joint counts, morning stiffness, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate(ESR), C-reactive protein(CRP), patient global assessment, physician global assessment, Korean health assessment questionnaire(KHAQ) were estimated and analyzed before and after BVA therapy. Results: Tender joint counts, swollen joint counts, morning stiffness showed significant decrease after BVA therapy. But, as acute inflammatory reactants, ESR showed no significant difference and CRP showed significant increase after BVA therapy. Patient global assessment physician global assessment, and KHAQ index showed significant improvement after BVA therapy. Conclusions: BVA therapy can improve rehabilitation and health-related quality of life RA patients as well as clinical symptom and signs. Further study is required in more population with large scale including acute inflammatory reaction of BVA therapy.

봉독약침이 류마티스 관절염 환자의 관절 통증, 종창 및 급성 염증 반응에 미치는 영향

이상훈,이현종,백용현,김수영,박재경,홍승재,양형인,김건식,이재동,최도영,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-

Objective In order to study the effects of bee venom(BV) on the pain, edema, and acute inflammatory reactant of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients. Methods Patients with RA who met the ACR(American College of Rheumatology) 1987 revised criteria for the diagnosis of RA were treated with the BV therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender Joint counts, swollen joint counts, Visual analog scale(VAS), morning stiffness, ESR. C-reactive protein(CRP) were analyzed before and after BV therapy. Results The results as follows. 1. Tender joint counts in patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(9.0±7.9 vs 15± 11.4, p=0.002). 2. Swollen joint counts of the patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(50±61 vs 15±23, p=0.001). 3. VAS in patients after BV therapy was significantly lower than those before BV therapy(608± 17.6 vs 380± 159, p=0.000). 4. Duration of morning stiffness in patients after BV therapy was significantly reduced compared with that before BV therapy(119.1± 112.6 min vs 59.0±89.7 min, p=0.009). 5. ESR and CRP were not significantly changed before and after BV therapy, suggesting BV itself could make inflammatory reaction as well as therapeutic effect. Conclusions BV therapy improved tender joint counts, swollen joint counts and duration of morning stiffness in this study, and further study is needed on long-term effect of BV therapy.

지상파 방송광고 단가변동의 경제적 파급효과

유승훈,양창영 한국방송광고공사 2007 광고연구 Vol.0 No.75

본 논문에서는 지상파 방송광고 단가변동의 경제적 파급효과를 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 경제적 파급효과를 지상파 방송광고 단가가 광고수요에 미치는 영향, 광고주 상품가격에 미치는 영향, 전반적 물가수준에 미치는 영향의 3가지로 세분화하여 분석하였다. 주요 분석방법 및 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지상파 방송광고에 대한 수요함수를 추정하여 지상파 방송광고 단가가 지상파 광고수요에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 지상파 방송광고 단가가 1% 상승하면 지상파 방송광고 수요는 0.583% 감소하여, 지상파 방송광고 수요는 가격변화에 대해 비탄력적인 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 100대 광고주의 재무구조를 살펴봄으로써 지상파 방송광고 단가가 광고주 상품가격에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 지상파 방송광고 단가가 1% 상승하면 100대 방송광고주 상품가격은 최대 0.00405% 상승할 수 있음을 발견하였다. 셋째, 생산자 가격지수를 활용하여 지상파 방송광고 단가가 전반적 물가수준에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 지상파 방송광고 단가의 1% 상승은 전반적 물가수준을 0.0077% 만큼 상승시킴을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 지상파 방송광고 단가의 변동이 방송광고 수요, 100대 광고주 상품가격, 전반적 물가수준에 미치는 영향은 그리 크지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 정량적인 정보들은 지상파 방송광고 단가를 조정하는 데 중요한 참고자료로 활용될 수 있다. This paper attempts to analyze the economic impacts of a change in terrestrial broadcast advertising rates. To this end, we classify the economic impacts of terrestrial broadcast advertising rate into the impact on advertising demand, the impact on commodity price of a sponsor, and impact on overall price level, and investigate them. Methodologies employed and results obtained in this study as follows. First, the demand function for terrestrial broadcast advertising is estimated and the impacts of a change in terrestrial broadcast advertising rate on the demand are examined. It is concluded that an increase by 1.0% in terrestrial broadcast advertising rate decreases the demand by 0.583%. Thus, the demand is price-inelastic. Second, the financial structures of the 100 major sponsors are reviewed and the impacts of a change in terrestrial broadcast advertising rate on their commodity price are looked into. It is found that an increase by 1.0% in terrestrial broadcast advertising rate produces an increase by 0.00405% in their commodity price. Third, we use producer price index and obtain the information on the impact of terrestrial broadcast advertising rate on overall price level. It is observed that an increase by 1.0% in terrestrial broadcast advertising rate cause an increase by 0.0077% in overall price level. Consequently, we can guess that the impacts of terrestrial broadcast advertising rate on the demand, sponsor’s commodity price level, and overall price level are not big. These quantitative information can be usefully utilized in manipulating terrestrial broadcast advertising rate.

스포츠 공학의 연구 동향

윤양진,정미라,이훈식,서국웅,박승범 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

Sports technology encompasses a wide range of disciplines from biomechanics to engineering. As a consequence, researchers working in sports technology find that their work falls neither in the field of traditional sports nor in mainstram engineering. Also Sports Engineering is an international journal publishing original papers on the application of engineering and science to sport. The journal intends to fill the niche area which lies between classical engineering and sports science and aims to bride the gap between the analysis of the equipment and of the athlete. Area of interest include the mechanics and dynamics of sport, the analysis of movement, instrument equipment design, surface interaction, materials and modeling. These topics may be applied to technology in almost any sports. The Sports Engineering will be of particular interest to Engineering, Physics, Mathematics and Sports Science Departments and The International Sport Engineering Association(ISEA) will act forum where research, industry and the sports sector can exchange knowledge and innovative ideas.

二次 函數 Qc(χ) = χ²+ c의 混沌

한정훈,양승갑,조성훈 명지대학교 자연과학연구소 1995 자연과학논문집 Vol.12 No.-

본 논문의 목적은 이차함수 Qc(χ)=χ²+c 에 관한 주기점들의 주기적 성질을 연구하는데 있다.특히 c<-2일때 주기검의 형태를 연구하였고, 실제로 혼돈역학계를 설명하여 이차함수 Qc(χ)=χ²+c의 주기점들의 움직임이 혼돈역학계를 이루고 있음을 보였다. The purpose of this paper is to study of the periodic properties of the periodic points of the quadratic function Qc(χ)=χ²+c. In particular, we investigate the forms of the periodic points whenever c<-2.Actually, we describe the chaotic dynamical systems and show that the behavior of the periodic points of the quadratic function Qc(χ)=χ²+c(c<-2)is the chaotic dynamic systems.