존 웨슬리와 박애운동

김진두 국제기독교언어문화연구원 2000 기독교언어문화논집 Vol.4 No.-

Dr. Jin Doo Kin 2000. John Wesley and Philanthropic Movement, Collected Papers on Christian Language Culture. John Wesley is well known to the world as a great evangelist and founder of the Methodist Church. He is respected as a great social reformer because the evangelical movement led and developed by his leadership gave deep and permanent affect to the social lives of the 18th century English people. In his eight--volume 「History of English in Eighteenth Century」, written in the 1870s, W. E. Lecky claimed that Methodism, by its civilizing mission among the working class, saved England from violent revolution in the late 18th and early 19th century. This theory was given greater currency by the French historian Elie Halevy who claimed that England was spared the revolution unlike other european countries, particulary France and enjoyed the extraordinary stability throughout a period of revolutions and crises, which may truely be termed the miracle of modem England, Meanwhile, Halevy continued to assert that the miracle was made possible largely by the spiritual-moral influence of the Wesleyan evangelical revival. Many historians and scholars have testified to this theory. Wesley believed that the purpose of methodism is 'to reform the nation and spread the scriptural holiness throughout the world.' And his methods of social reformation were mainly three ; evangelical preaching, holiness movement and philanthropy. These three were simultaneously and consistently performed everywhere the revival was flourished. However, this book aimed at researching history of mcthodist philanthropy appeared since John Wesley's revival in England. Wesleyan philanthropy, together with evangelical holiness movement produced a driving force for the 'reformation of manners and morals' of the English people at that time. Wesley lived a exemplary life of stewardship. He spent 28 pounds for himself and 2 pounds for the poor when he earned 30 pounds each year as a fellow at Oxford. In later years, though his income increased more and more up to 40,000 pounds from selling his books he still spent only 28 pounds for himself every year and gave all the rest of his income away to the poor. Wesley strenuously taught his followers to 'earn as you can, save as you can and give as you can', and this motto has ever been a disciplinary charter of methodist living. The age in which Wesley lived was one of almost inconceivable debauchery. The moral character of the nation was deseased and corrupted, in the situation of this social-moral decadence Wesley was practically concerned about the political, social and economic evils that affected the moral life and the welfare of the people of his time. Methodist philanthropy was born and spread throughout the land changing the quality and way of life of the working class in the 18th century England. He raised 'relief fund' for the poor, Also, he set up fine medical dispensaries, adapted an electrical machines and wrote a medical book for healing. He founded the orphanages and the schools for the poor children. He was deeply involved in the reformation of penal law and prison, abolition of slavery and temperance movement. Further, 'stranger's friendly society' was formed for the homeless people and the labourers in the industrial towns, and 'trade union' movement developed successfully by the early methodists. Wesleyan philanthropy has been so effective and influential that it deserves to be respected for its great contribution to the reformation of lives of the individuals, the society and the nation as a whole in England. Today, we find one of the best examples in which the Korean Church needs to learn what and how to do for the reformation of our nation that is suffering from various social deseases in this rapidly degrading situation.

金哲埈(1923~1989)의 한국사 서술과 역사의식

김두진(Kim, Doo-jin) 북악사학회 2020 북악사론 Vol.11 No.-

한국 근대사학사에 대해서는 상당히 많은 연구가 진척되었지만, 대부분 일제강점기에 치우친 감이 없지 않다. 민족주의사학에 대한 연구는 어느 정도 이루어졌으나 상대적으로 실증주의사학이나 사회경제사학 또는 그 밖의 연구경향에 대해서는 거의 연구되지 못했다. 근래에 광복 후 1세대 역사학자들의 사론에 대한 관심이 크게 일어났다. 이들에 대한 연구는 10년 전까지만 해도 생존해 있던 인물을 대상으로 하기 때문에, 객관적인 접근을 어렵게 한다. 이들 중 이기백과 김철준은 한국고대사를 체계화하는데 도움을 주었으며, 그들의 연구 방법은 한국 현대사학의 성립에 상당한 역할을 담당하였다. 이 글에서는 우선 김철준의 사론을 우선적으로 밝히고자 한다. 김철준은 실증주의사학을 확립시킨 이병도나 김상기·손진태 등의 영향을 받았지만, 문헌고증학적 학풍을 비판하면서 불교학이나 고고학·인류학 등 인접 학문의 이론을 도입하여 한국고대사를 연구하였다. 또한 그는 새로운 문화의 유입으로 격변하는 역사의 전환기에 대해 주목하여, 그로 인해 일어나는 신구문화의 갈등을 절충하려는 노력을 중시하였다. 한국고대 사회는 부족국가에서 부족연맹을 거쳐 고대국가(중앙집권적 귀족국가)로의 발전 단계를 거쳤다. 그런 과정에서 족장세력을 편제하면서 국가체제가 정비됨으로써, 골품제와 같은 신분제 사회를 이루었다는 주장은 이후 한국고대사 연구에 많은 영향을 주었다. 김철준은 민족주의 문화사관을 내세워 민족문화를 비판적으로 인식함으로써, 오히려 전통문화의 총체적 역량을 신뢰하였다. 왜냐하면 전통문화가 충분하게 축적되어 있으면, 자기문화를 비판하더라도 더 훌륭한 문화가 얼마든지 존재하기 때문이다. 그리하여 여러 문화요소가 총체적으로 모아지는 광장으로서의 민족문화 역량을 강조하면서, 그 내에 포함된 전통문화의 잠재능력에 대한 무한한 신뢰를 가졌다. 그러나 사회과학의 이론을 원용한 연구방법은 당대의 사회상과는 동떨어진 허상을 설정할 가능성이 있기 때문에, 반드시 바람직한 것은 아니다. 다만 그가 민족문화를 거시적으로 파악하면서, 정통문화가 나아갈 방향을 제시하려고 노력한 점은 주목된다. Many researches about Korean modern histography have been progressed, but it is also true that most of the studies focused on Japanese imperialism. The historical study of nationalism has established in a certain fashion, on the other hand, historical studies about Positivism, social economy, and other various studies were not investigated properly. Recently, after the restoration of independence in Korea, the interest about the historical studies of the first generation of historians grew big. The investigation about those first generation of historians were based on the existed people until 10 years ago, which made difficult to access them objectively. Among them, Lee, Gi-Baek and Kim, Cheol-Jun helped to systemize the Korean ancient history and their study method played an important role in an establishment of the study of modern history. In this written document, the historical study of Kim, Cheol-Jun will be discussed primarily. Kim, Cheol-Jun was influenced by Lee, Byung-Do, Kim, Sang-Gi, Son, Jin-Tae, etc., who established a study of Positivism. However, he studied Korean ancient history by criticizing the academic tradition of the philological methodology of historical research and introducing theories such as Buddhism, archeology, anthropology, etc. In addition, he focused on the convulsion of the historical transition which occurred through the inflow of new culture, and tried to compromise conflicts between the old and the new culture. The ancient Korean society had developed through the tribe nation, the tribe alliance, and to the ancient national anthem (a centralized authoritarian aristocrat nation). Kim s statement that Korea established a hierarchical social system by mandating national organization throughout formating tribe power, influenced on further studies about ancient Korean history. Kim, Cheol-un rather trusted the whole capacity of traditional culture by critically recognizing a part of the national culture. The reason is if traditional culture is accumulated enough, it will embrace many other good cultural elements even though he criticized a part of the culture. In other words, while he focused on the capacity of national culture which gathers various cultural elements into one, he also trusted in traditional culture embracing potential capacities. On the other hand, a study of methods claiming a theory of social science is n ot necessarily d esirable, because it has a p ot ent ialit y t o creat e a false image. It merely is worthy to note that he tried to bring up the future way of traditional culture by recognizing national culture in a comprehensive view.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Oedipa Mass의 눈멈과 성찰 : The Crying of Lot 49을 중심으로

두진숙 숙명여자대학교 대학원원우회 1989 원우논총 Vol.7 No.-

In The Crying of Lot 49, Tomas Pynchon applies the idea of entropy to describe the increasing disorder of contemporary American society. Originally entropy is a measure of disorder and decay in the thermodynamic sense. As the increment of entropy causes ultimately heat-death, so the industrialised society which drives the individuals to uniformity would bring decay to itself. This entropic process being applicable in a closed system, we can stop or postpone it in "local enclaves." This possibility is presented by Pynchon through the experience of Oedipa Mass. Pynchon names his actress Oedipa and associates her with the King Oedipus who can get the insight only through his own blindness. Oedipa, who is merely a common middle-class American housewife, is now appointed as an executrix of her old lover, Pierce Inveratity whose legacy can be identified as America. In the course of sorting out his legacy, she meets the Tristero, the secret mailing system. The quest for Tristero's true identity leads her to realise that it is not simply secret mailing system but that it is a communion of the outcasts whose attributes are exile, alienation, silence and darkness. It is another side of the prosperous America. Finally Oedipa is awakened to the relativity of the truth. Her eyes which have been trained by the "either/or" construction now can see the possibilities of "both/and" construction. Like other characters Oedipa never falls in powerlessness through the continuous job of sorting out the legacy, which makes her sensitive and thoughtful. For Pynchon, man who struggles to tackle the problem through the means of thinking deep, like Oedipa, is an "enclaves of life" keeping tention against the entropic process.

경식도 심초음파도의 Direct Planimetry를 이용하여 측정한 대동맥판 면적의 심박출량 및 좌심실 구출율의 변화에 따른 정확도

진승원,김종진,김희열,박지원,전두수,윤호중,박준철,노태호,채장성,김재형,홍순조,최규보 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

Scale Invariant Feature Transform을 이용한 눈동자 영역 추출

정재진,황의성,주동현,김두영 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2006 情報技術硏究所論文誌 Vol.14 No.1

This paper is the eye region which is used with confirmation element of face image it uses the SIFT and it extracting method proposes. The eye region image where becomes model and it composes the keypoint descriptor which is a SIFT result of the input image which it will extract. It uses the keypoint descriptor which and creates it composes a each feature vector, and the judgement where affine transform should have existed on after two feature points which adjusts with each other, against the feature point field which confront above half as the case eye region where the with each other same affine transform will exist it judged. There is not a test result learning process, more quickly recognition method of existing methods than the possibility of getting the result which extracts the region it was.

Daunomycin이 Mouse 간장의 Alkaline Phosphatase 활성에 미치는 영향

백두진,김훈기,정호삼 한양대학교 의과대학 1987 한양의대 학술지 Vol.7 No.2

Daunomycin is a member of the anthracycline class of antitumor antibiotics. And it was isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius in 1963. Cemically, it was found to consist of a pigmented aglycone (daunomycinone) bound to an aminosugar, daunosamine. The biochemical mode of cytotoxic action of daunomycin results from its binding to DNA possibly by intercalation between the base pairs, thereby inhibiting the DNA polymerases. The author has investigated the effect of daunomycin on the mouse liver histochemically observing the change in the activity of alkaline phosphatase. The animals treated with 16 mg per kg of daunomycin wee sacrified at 6, 12, 24 and 36 hours after drug administration. The animals of control group were administered only water for injection. The liver specimens were fixed in 10% neutral formalin at 4℃ and sectioned at 16? In thickness in a frozen cryostat. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was evaluated histochemically by Gomori's method. The results were as follows. 1. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was moderate positive at the periportal and intermediate zones and trace positive at the centrilobular zone of the hepatic lobule in 6 hours daunomycin treated group. Ad the time goes by, the activity of alkaline phosphatase was decreased in the hepatic lobule. At 24 hours after administraton of daunomycin, negative reaction at the centrilobular zone, trace positive at the intermediate zone and weak positive at the periportal zone of the hepatic lobule were seen. Consequently, it is suggested that daunomycin decreases the activity of alkaline phoshatase in the liver, due probably to its cytotoxic effect on the hepatocyte.

탈지작업 근로자의 트리클로로에틸렌 폭로에 관한 조사

박두용,김형아,김창엽,백남원,조정진,김양호,이광묵 가톨릭대학 산업의학 쎈타 산업의학연구소 1989 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.28 No.4

Trichloroethylene(TCE) is a widely used organic solvent, especially in degreasing process of metal manufacturing, however few data concerning its exposure and poisoning were obt-ainable. This survey was performed for more information of TCE exposure in this country. Urine sanmples were collected from 144 TCE handling workers and 46 non-TCE-exposed workers. TCE concentrations of four workshops in working environment were analyzed. The results were as follows; 1. TCE exposed workers were 48 male and 96 female employees. Average total duration of employment of these workers was 39.0 months, average duration of works per day was 10.7 hours, and average duation of TCE handling was 469.7 minutes. 2. The average concentration of urine total trichloro-compounds was 156.32㎎/ g crea-tinine, and that of trichloroacetic acid was 69.2㎎/g creatinine. Of those workers, 78 workers had the concentrations of urine trichloroacetic acid over 75㎎/g, which is the biological exposure index (BEI) of urine trichloroaxetic acid in Korea. Duration of work per day and duration of TCE- related work were significantly longer in the group of workers whose urine trichloroacetic acid concentration was over the criteria level of BEI. 3. TCE concentrations of three workshops were over the level of ACGIH TLV(threshold limit value), 50ppm in TWA (time -weighted average). In remaining one workshop, duration of TCE related works was only one hour per day. There was statistically significant correl-ation between the concentration of TCE in working environment and the proportion of workers in a workshop whose urinary trichloroacetic acid concentration was over the criteria level of BEI. 4. Responses to self-administered questionnaire were not meaningful for differentiation of psychoneurologica symptoms due to chronic TCE exposure from othres.

Hydrocortisone이 변이형 인체포피세포의 성장에 미치는 영향

김경진,양종대,정두영,고광삼 조선의대 1985 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.10 No.1

接客業 從事者에서의 VDRL 陽性率

金斗熙,金弘鎭 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1981 慶北醫大誌 Vol.22 No.1

This survey was carried out to study distribution and periodic alteration of syphilis in Daegu city area from January 1, 1975 to May 31, 1981. VDRL slide method was accepted for, and the 2,939 service traders were randomly choosen as subjects among the visitors for certification of their health. The positive rate was average 3.8 percent, and this tendency is somewhat different from that of 1960s. Some articles in 1960s shows us a feeling that it was gradually increased in tendency, year by year (see table 15). But in 1970s and in this study, stepping trend (see table 14. and 15). And on the other aspects, we must point out the tendency of prevailing of syphilis to the women excluding of prostitutes: the workers in eating houses, tea room and beuty-shop etc, in this study. The positive rate was higher on March and October through years in average (see table 7), and also among the lower educational group, the highest is the group of informally educated, and the lowest is high school group but the college group was exceptionally high(see table 8). And the rate is as high as twice among those who had experience of blood transfusion compaired to those who had not (see table 10). But seven of 113 positives had a few oppotunities of blood transfusion within last some years(see table 11), and they were no respons for sexual intercourse with any prostitutes, at intervew.