Optimizing the Hospital Blood Bank Stock in Korea: A Comparative Analysis of the Uniform 5-Day Stock Index and a Novel Blood Stock Index

Park Seo-Jin,Lim Young Ae,Kim Kyung-Hee 대한진단검사의학회 2024 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.44 No.3

Background: Maintaining optimal blood inventory levels in hospitals is important to prevent blood shortage and wastage. We aimed to provide an efficient blood inventory management strategy for hospital blood banks nation-wide by comparing the current use of 5-day issuable stock (IS) with Lim’s IS as a novel target IS. Methods: The average and CV of daily usage (DU) were calculated from information entered into Korea’s Blood Management System by 194 participating hospitals in 2019 and 2020. Using these data, Lim’s IS was calculated by determining the simulated annual average blood shortage day nearest to 1 for each blood group in each hospital. The 5-day IS (5IS) was estimated by multiplying the average DU in 2018 by five to count the shortage days in 2019. Results: The average DU (0.3–231.3 units) and corresponding CV (0.33–7.14) in the participating hospitals were inversely proportional (r=–0.699 to –0.695). The hypothetical averages of 5IS and Lim’s IS were 27.0±41.2 and 24.7±20.8, respectively (P=0.006). The shortage days for 5IS and Lim’s IS were 8.9±22.7 and 1.0±1.9, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusions: While 5IS was unacceptable for universal application, Lim’s IS remained near one shortage day and is considered more efficient than 5IS. Hospitals should implement indicators that consider DU and its variations. This is the first study to introduce Lim’s IS as an indicator of optimal blood inventory, and the data are expected to provide guidance for effective blood inventory management nationwide, particularly during blood shortages.

레저 스포츠 시설과 서비스 분석

임영삼(Young Sam Lim),김경렬(Kyung Ryoul Kim) 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2001 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.20 No.-

The purpose of this study was to examine the facilities and service of public golf links by making an analysis on the actual condition and satisfaction of the users, so as to suggest that public golf links should contribute greatly to the popularization of Korean golf. To accomplish this, self-administered questionnaire was used in this study. In making the questionnaire, previous literature was referred and the questions related to this study were selected after being amended properly to the purpose. Through pilot study, the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were verified. The subjects of this study were 236 who were the users of nine-hole O public links, K public links, T public links, and L public links located in Kyung-Ki province. Mean, frequency, and standard deviation were used in the method of statistical analysis. As results of this study, the following conclusive statements were made. 1. It should be urgent to keep the balance of supply and demand of golf population through enlarging public golf links. It should be demanded to arouse sympathy from the people and to build golf links when considering the protection of environment. 2. In the aspect of booking, it would be preferred to play a round in order of awaiting their turn rather than to book previously. This system is just like a foreign system. 3. It is appeared that the users are generally satisfied with costs, facilities, distance, and service. But as constructing new golf links and cutting down taxes and additional expenses, the realization of economizing the costs to spend in playing golf would be possible. It would be a good idea to reclaim wild land to build golf links. Finally, I suggest that we should bear that in mind to develop public golf links will be a great contribution to future popularization of golf in Korea.

배변 습관과 만족도의 변화를 통해 확인한 장세척 치료의 임상 보고

홍서영 ( Seo Young Hong ),조태영 ( Tae Young Cho ),조현철 ( Hyun Chol Cho ),송윤경 ( Yun Kyung Song ),임형호 ( Hyung Ho Lim ) 한방재활의학과학회 2004 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.14 No.2

Objectives: It is known that the colon therapy can clear the colon of old, hardened, waste material and harmful toxins and can promote a return of normal, regular bowel movement. But there is a few studies which verify this benefits. I think if the colon therapy can promote a return of normal bowel movement, the benefits will be maintained after the treatment. Therefore this study was planned to evaluate the benefits of colon therapy and if the benefits will be maintained or not. Methods: There were 30 patients who were treated the colon therapy over 2 times at Seoul Oriental Hospital, Kyung-Won University, from February, 2003 to February, 2004. The evacuation habit score was checked before, right after and 1 month after the treatment. And the satisfaction score was also checked right after the treatment and 1 month after the treatment. And then this scores were analyzed by paired t-test. Results: 1. The evacuation habit scores checked after the treatment were statistically significant(p<0.01) as compared the scores checked before the treatment. 2. The evacuation habit scores were maintained until 1 month after the treatment.3.The satisfaction scores checked 1 month after the treatment were rose in 34.8%, maintained in 56.5% and had descent in 8.7% of patients as comparing the scores checked right after the treatment. 4. 23.3% of patients reported their side effects, and the reported side effects were abdominal pain, nausea, anal bleeding, dizziness and anal pain. Conclusions: The results from this study demonstrated that the colon therapy can promote a return of normal bowel movement.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

표면위에 분사되는 원형 충돌제트의 열전달에 관한 실험적 연구

임경빈,최상경,송시영 한밭대학교 생산기반기술연구소 2001 생산기반기술연구소 논문집 Vol.1 No.1

The heat transfer characteristics on curved surfaces with an obliquely impinging circular jet were studied. In this study, the flat plate and hemispherically convex and concave surfaces were used. The Reynolds number used was Re=23,000. The nozzle-to-surface distance was L/d=4, 6 and 8. The jet angle was α=0˚ and 30˚. As the results of this study, the Nusselt number at the stagnation point decreases as the jet angle increases and has the maximum value for L/d=6. The secondary maximum Nusselt numbers in the downstream direction occur at long distances from the stagnation point as the jet angle increases or the nozzle-to-surface distance decreases. The Nusselt number distributions exhibit a displacement of the maximum heat transfer from the stagnation point to the upstream direction.

가변 광도 중합에 따른 복합레진의 중합수축에 관한 연구

임미영,조경모,홍찬의 대한치과보존학회 2007 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.32 No.1

본 연구는 광중합형 복합레진 중합 시 기존의 중합법과 가변광도 중합형인 soft start 중합법 및 exponential 중합법 간의 중합수축효과를 비교하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 3종의 복합레진 (Synergy Duo Shade, Z250, Filtek Supreme) 및 3종의 광조사기 (Spectrum 800, Elipar Highlight, Elipar Trilight)를 사용하였다. 총 중합시간은 40초로 일정하게 유지하였으며, 선형 중합수축률의 측정은 linometer를 이용하였으며, 90초간의 선형 수축률을 0.5초 간격으로 측정하였다. 재료별로 각 중합 방법별 시간에 따른 중합수축률을 one-way ANOVA test로 분석하여 최종 중합수축률에 도달하는 시간을 산출하였고, 90초 후 최종 선형 중합수축률을 two-way ANOVA test를 이용하여 재료, 광조사 방법, 재료 및 광조사 방법의 교호작용이 중합수축에 미치는 영향이 있는지를 검증하였다. 또한 90초까지의 선형 중합수축률에 대한 20초까지의 선형 중합수축률의 비를 two-way ANOVA로 비교하고, 각각의 통계치를 95% Scheffe test로 검증하였는바, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Supreme을 제외한 다른 군에서는 재료 및 광조사 방법에 관계없이 대부분의 중합 수축이 광조사 후 20초 이내에 이루어졌다 (p < 0.05). 2. 90초 후, 최종 중합수축률은 재료 (p = 0.000)와 광조사 방법 (p = 0.003) 모두 유의성 있는 영향을 끼쳤으나, 재료와 광조사 방법 상호간의 작용은 영향이 없었다. 3. 90초 후 최종 중합수축률은 총 광에너지가 가장 낮은 exponential 중합법에서 유의성 있게 낮았다 (p < 0.05). 4. 20초까지의 초기 수축률은 soft start와 exponential 중합법 등 가변광도 중합이 conventional 중합법에 비하여 유의성 있게 낮은 수축률을 보였다 (p < 0.05). 본 실험 결과만을 토대로 볼 때, 가변광도 중합법은 초기 중합수축 속도를 감소시켜 수축응력을 감소시킨다고 볼 수 있다. 그러나 총 조사 광에너지의 차이로 인해 그 물리적 성질에 영향이 있을 수 있으므로 향후 이에 대한 더 많은 고찰이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of exponential curing method with conventional curing and soft start curing method on polymerization shrinkage of composite resins. Three brands of composite resins (Synergy Duo Shade, Z250, Filtek Supreme) and three brands of light curing units (Spectrum 800, Elipar Highlight, Elipar Trilight) were used. 40 seconds curing time was given. The shrinkage was measured using linometer for 90 seconds. The effect of time on polymerization shrinkage was analysed by one-way ANOVA and the effect of curing modes and materials on polymerization shrinkage at the time of 90s were analysed by two-way ANOVA. The shrinkage ratios at the time of 20s to 90s were taken and analysed the same way. The results were as follows: 1. All the groups except Supreme shrank almost within 20s. Supreme cured by soft start and exponential curing had no further shrinkage after 30s (p < 0.05). 2. Statistical analysis revealed that polymerization shrinkage varied among materials (p = 0.000) and curing modes (p = 0.003). There was no significant interaction between material and curing mode. 3. The groups cured by exponential curing showed the statistically lower polymerization shrinkage at 90s than the groups cured by conventional curing and soft start curing (p < 0.05). 4. The initial shrinkage ratios of soft start and exponential curing were statistically lower than conventional curing (p < 0.05). From this study, the use of low initial light intensities may reduce the polymerization rate and, as a result, reduce the stress of polymerization shrinkage.

주방환기 시스템의 공기 급기구의 위치에 따른 성능평가

임경빈,송시영,이찬호 한밭대학교 생산기반기술연구소 2003 생산기반기술연구소 논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance evaluation of indoor diffusion rate of surplus heat generated from gas range and concentration distribution of combustion gas by position change of air- diffuser and range-hood with separating plate. A numerical analysis is performed with four cases of this ventilation system for kitchen. The results showed that thermal and flow distribution can be more effective, when air supply diffuser is located at middle position. Also, Comparisons of Indoor Air Quality(IAQ) are made between using separating plate and not using, IAQ was improved in case of using separating plate and also, kitchen exhaust hood concentration distribution was improved about 30%

정상 및 당뇨병 환자에서 포도당 정주에 따른 혈중 포도당과 인슐린 반응에 관한 연구

임경호,구도서,유동준,최영길 대한의학협회 1990 대한의학협회지 Vol.33 No.9

망간중독에 대한 고찰

임 영,김경아,윤중임,임현우 가톨릭대학산업의학센타 산업의학연구소 1991 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.30 No.1

Manganese is an essential mineral for human beings and animals. It is important to the production of steel and is used for the production of alloys with copper, aluminium, magnesium, and cast iron. And the job of drilling with pneumatic drills has been reported to be one of the most significant sources of manganese exposure and poisoning. We experienced 3 workers who worked in the process of welding load manufacuring and were diagnosed as the manganese poisoning by various laboratory data and physical examination and neurological examination.

심정지환자에서 epinephrine투여시 혈중 catecholamine의 변화

임경수,황성오,이부수,이강현,이진웅,임종천,김영식,김선만,김 현 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Background : Cardiac arrest is a potent stimulus for the release of endogenous catecholamine and high plasma catecholamine concentration has been reported during cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR). Few data were present about the clinical effect of high plasma catecholamine and endogenous catecholamine response to exogenous epinephrine administration during CPR. Purpose : This study was designed to evaluate endogenous catecholamine response to cardiac arrest and exogenously administered epinephrine during CPR. Method : In 21 cardiac arrest victims, blood sample for epinephrine and norepinephrine was drawn before and 1 minute after each epinephrine administration during CPR. 1mg of epinephrine was administered immediately after intravenous access and 3 minute interval during CPR. Plasma catecholamines were quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Result : Baseline plasma epinephrine concentraqtion was higher in patients with cardiac arrest than normal controls (985±1627 vs 194±173 pg/ml, p<0.05). Baseline plasma norepinephrine concentration was also elevated in patients with cardiac arrest than normal controls, although statistically insignificnat(1965±4915 vs 360±250 pg/ml). Plasma epinephrine concentration in cardiac arrest patients was significantly elevated after exogenous administration of epinephrine, but its response was blunted after the third does of epinephrine. Plasma norepinephrine concentration in cardiac arrest patients was also elevated, but its response was observed only after the first epinephrine administration. Plasma epinephrine concentration was persistently higher in patients with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) than patients without ROSC. there was no significant difference of plasma norepinephrine concentration whether spontaneous circulation was restored or not. Endogenous epinephrine response to exogenous epinephrine was not observed in patients having prolonged arrest time over 20 minutes. Conclusion : Results of this study suggests that significant amount of catecholamine is released by exogenous epinephrine administration in spite of high plasma catecholamine concentration, and degree of endogenous catecholamine response influences resuscitation outcome.