강원도 화천군 수달(Lutra lutra) 서식지의 식생 구조

서형수 ( Hyung Soo Seo ),신영섭 ( Young Seob Shin ),이경은 ( Kyung Eun Lee ),김윤미 ( Yoon Mi Kim ),전미나 ( Mina Jeon ),남택우 ( Taek Woo Nam ),한성용 ( Sung Yong Han ),정연숙 ( Yeonsook Choung ) 한국하천호수학회 2014 생태와 환경 Vol.47 No.special

In order to determine whether vegetation would be one of the factors for the selection of otter home range, vegetation structure and other potential factors were studied in Hwacheon, Korea. Thirteen sites, otter’s activity found and not found, were investigated in North Han River and connected tributary streams of Hwacheon-gun. Three types of vegetation were classified by cluster analysis, which is short grass, tall grass and shrub type. Vegetation zone of each channel is composed of either one type, or mosaic of tall grass and shrub type. Short grass type is common in Lake Paro and upper North Han-river where water level is highly variable throughout a year. Therefore, annual species such as Persicaria nodosa, Fimbristylis dichotomam and Chenopodium ficifolium are the most dominant. Shrub type is common at the downstream sites of Jichon stream and along mainstream of North Han River down Lake Paro. A shrub species, Salix koreensis, is the most common. Tall grass type is dominant occupying the most vegetation zone of the tributary channels. Phragmites japonica is absolutely dominant. Due to its dense cover, a few plant species are co-existed. Otter activity was found in all three vegetation types and no marked activity was found at some sites of tall grass type. There is no difference in species composition and physiognomy between tall grass sites with and without otter activity, while it shows significant difference in fish availability between two groups. Overall we found that home range of otters in the region is along the mainstream and downstream of tributary streams with high fish availability in all vegetation types and in various human activity levels.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

신장이식 환자에서 HCMV 항원혈증 검사의 임상적 유용성

김탁,성흥섭,박관태,김송철,김성한,최상호,김양수,우준희,박수길,한덕종,이상오 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.2

Background : This study was performed to determine the cut-off value and the predictability of symptomatic human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection according to the peak value of HCMV antigenemia assay in kidney transplant recipients. Materials and Methods : We reviewed the results of HCMV antigenemia assay (Chemicon, CA, USA) in patients who received kidney transplantation at our institution from May 2003 through May 2008, and investigated the existence and the type of HCMV infection by the medical record review. Patients who underwent the test only once during the episode or those who received ganciclovir for more than 48hrs before the test were excluded. The receiver-operator characteristic curve was drawn and the point showing maximum likelihood ratio (LR) was chosen as the cut-off value of symptomatic HCMV infection. Results : A total of 689 episodes were screened and 134 episodes were enrolled. Thirty-three (24.6%) episodes were symptomatic HCMV infection, 23 (17.2%) episodes were associated with HCMV syndrome, and 10 (7.5%) episodes were tissue-invasive diseases. The maximum LR was 7.5 (95% confidence interval, 4.014.2) and the cut-off value was 29.5 cells/200,000 WBC. The sensitivity, specificity, Positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 66.7%, 91.1%, 71.0%, and 89.3%, respectively. Conclusions : The cut-off value of symptomatic HCMV infection by the peak value of HCMV antigenemia assay in our study was similar with previous results, although the sensitivity was relatively low.

用寒遠寒과 用熱遠熱에 대한 考察 : 六元正紀大論에서

채영진,신창환,임현택,여성원,한성규,이재원,정헌영,금경수 한국전통의학연구소 2003 한국전통의학지 Vol.13 No.1

Five elements motion and six kinds of natural factors influence not only human disease but also difference of medicine effect. Because the climate of summer is very hot, that is easy to increase the properties of hot medicines, a doctor must be careful to use it in summer. Also the climate of winter is very cold, that is easy to increase the properties of cold medicines, a doctor must be careful to use it in winter. But in the certain conditions to use diaphoretics or purgatives, in spite of that regulation a doctor can use them.

하이퍼텍스트 소설 : 문학의 새로운 가능성을 향하여 Towards a New Possibility for Literature

한상수 한국현대영어영문학회 2002 현대영어영문학 Vol.46 No.3

In 1992, Robert Coover declared(I'd like rather to say "dared to" declare) in a book review whose title was "The End of Books" that the print medium, a doomed and outdated technology was destined soon to be consigned forever to "those dusty unattended museums we now call libraries." In addition, he also trumpeted a brave new future for fiction, the so-called hypertext fiction, informing the readers that the traditional novel, as we know it, has come to its end and would be replaced by the former. After his daring exclamation, hypertext fiction became one of the major subjects for discourse in literary society. This paper deals with the possibility for a new literature, on the basis that within 2020 will come a new age in which even the equivalent of a computer workstation of today might cost only a few hundred dollars. If the future will be like this, no one can expect literature to be the same as the currently read and written printed books. Definitely, literature will be changed, whatever it will be. First, In this paper I have placed an emphasis on the co-relatedness of postmodernism and hypertext fiction. I agree absolutely with George P. Landow's assertion that hypertext embodies many of the ideas and attitudes proposed by postmodernists, such as Barthes, Derrida, Foucault, and others.(Landow 73) Second, I have analyzed Michael Joyce's afternoon, a story and Darren Bleuel's Gav and Peloso's Interactive Story as representative exploratory and constructive hypertexts. Finally, I asserts that some preparations for the coming of a new kind of literature should be made immediately, even though I don't think hypertext fiction will be the ultimate form of literature.

多國籍企業進出下의 經濟統合의 理論的 效果分析

한봉수,김상호 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 1997 社會科學硏究 Vol.4 No.2

다국적기업진출하의 경제통합으로부터 현지국들이 얻는 이익은 다국적기업에 의한 외국이윤전환효과가 발생할 때 후생이 증대하고 외국이윤창출효과가 발생할 때 후생이 감소한다는 내용을 역내다국적기업이 경쟁적인 경우와 독점적인 경우로 나누어 살펴 보았다. 따라서 다국적기업진출하의 경제통한으로부터 현지국이 직접적인 이익이나 정(正)의 파급효과를 얻기 위해서는 역내교역에서 국내기업들에 의한 교역비중을 높여야하고, 역내의 적정교역량에 영향을 미치지 않는 범위내에서 다국적기업에 의하여 벌어들인 추가적인 지대나 이윤등에 조세정책이나 다른 정책수단을 통하여 현지국에 정책적 개입을 하여야 손실을 줄일 수 있으며, 나아가서 이익으로 이끌게 할 수 있다.

忠南傳說의 特性硏究

韓相壽 牧園大學校 1980 論文集 - 牧園大學校 Vol.3 No.-

Chungnam District, where once located the capital town of Baikjai, is well known for the old culture area. Had been near the border of Seoul, the capital town was not only one of the highly favoured places which abound with chronicle and great great kings but also an important place of transportation. A great many legerds, as the history of culture and legend bears witness, have been occurred and handed down in the long settled capital town. Chungnam has many and various legends with the historic background. But the most important thing is to const-ruct the systematic context of the fragmentary legends and to assess their originality or value. The author have attempt to gather 551 kinds of legend which remains very nearly in its original state and to find out some characters among them. First of all, there is something characteristic about these legends that have the pessi-mism of the Baikjainian people, not merely from the lost town, but from their idea of old grandeur. Secondly, the most of legends commemorate the great king's achieveme-nts and the revolutionary events which we may call their historical idea. Thirdly, it is the confucian idea that has been kept up with their traditional way of life. Fourthly, they are deeply concerned with Buddhism as a means of recognizing the ultimate nature of reality. The four points of view are not mutually contradictory, but closely combined. Thus, we can say that such an organic union came from the deeprooted historical or regional background, and as a consequence, formed a specific feature quite different from the legends of any other towns.

홍삼 첨가가 전통 막걸리의 품질 특성과 생리기능성에 미치는 영향

"한상민", "배상민", "박원종", "이종수" 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2015 自然科學論文集 Vol.26 No.1

고부가가치를 가진 전통 막걸리를 개발하기 위하여 홍삼의 첨가가 막걸리의 품질과 생리기능성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 먼저 찐쌀 덧밥에 시판효모인 Fermivin을 0.5%, 시판입국을 g당 35당화력(sp)으로 혼합하여 술덧을 제조한 후 0.1% 홍삼분말을 첨가하여 25에서 10일간 발효시킨 홍삼막걸리를 제조하였다. 홍삼막걸리의 에탄올함량은 9.3% 이었고 기호도도 우수하였다. 또한 홍삼막걸리의 항고혈압활성 안지오텐신전환효소(ACE) 저해활성이 72.5%로 매우 높았으나 항산화 활성은 15.5%로 낮았다. The goal of this study was to develop a highly valuable Makgeolli containing various bioactive compounds with good acceptability. The effect of red ginseng on the quality and physiological functionality of Makgeolli were investigated. Red ginseng Makgeolli (Rg makgeolli) prepared by addition of 0.1% red ginseng powder into the rice mash containing 0.5% Fermivin(commercial alcohol fermentation yeast) and ipguk(36 saccharogenic power per g) showed 9.3% of ethanol content and high acceptability even though it’s ethanol content was 3.4% lower than that of makgeolli without red ginseng(12.7%). The Rg makgeolli was also showed 72.5% of high antihypertensive angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity and 15.5% of antioxidant activity.

인터넷 전자상거래에 의한 관세인하 효과 연구

한억수,이상규,구희조 한국정보전략학회 1999 추계공동학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.01

This study firstly aims to review the discussions among major nations and international organizations on removal of tariff wall in EC. Secondly, it is analyzed how the trend of tariff reduction of removal will affect an individual economy in a partial balance analysis model on an assumed small-size economy. In closing, political implication for removal of tariffs in EC will be presented. The study concluded that tariff removal on Internet EC has both positive and negative effects on the importing economy. It can improve the efficiency in utilization of economic resources by the importing economy in the long term while cut the financial revenue and aggravate the trade balance of importing country. It is inferred from such a conclusion that tariff removal can lead to trade imbalance between the Information haves and the have-nots.

Campylobacter pylori 위장내 분리위치에 따른 병원성

한왕수,한상진,김정목,조양자 대한감염학회 1989 감염 Vol.21 No.1

Compylobacter pylori may cause gastritis and has been proposed as an etiologic factor in the development of peptic ulcer. However, it is unknown where is primary colonization sites of C. pylori. Isolation sites of C. pylori in stomach and duodenum and pathology in antrum were evaluated in 90 subjects endoscoped at Hanyang University Hospital in Seoul, Korea. C. pylori detected in biopsied specimens of 40 (74%) of 54 C. pylori-positive patients at antrum only, and 13 (24%) of the same patients at antrum and body, but did not detected in duodenal biopsied specimens. Antral pathology results were chiefly found in active chronic gastritis. These findings strongly suggest that antrum is a primary colonization sites of C. pylori and the agent may be spread within stomach from the antrum.